CWE-367
AllowedTime-of-check Time-of-use (TOCTOU) Race Condition
Abstraction: Base · Status: Incomplete
The product checks the state of a resource before using that resource, but the resource's state can change between the check and the use in a way that invalidates the results of the check.
1063 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-455W-HGXV-564M
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-02-06 06:31 – Updated: 2025-02-06 18:31A Time-of-Check to Time-of-Use (TOCTOU) vulnerability has been identified in the driver of the NDD Print solution, which could allow an unprivileged user to exploit this flaw and gain SYSTEM-level access on the device. The vulnerability affects version 5.24.3 and before of the software.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-48394"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-367"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-02-05T22:15:30Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A Time-of-Check to Time-of-Use (TOCTOU) vulnerability has been identified in the driver of the NDD Print solution, which could allow an unprivileged user to exploit this flaw and gain SYSTEM-level access on the device. The vulnerability affects version 5.24.3 and before of the software.",
"id": "GHSA-455w-hgxv-564m",
"modified": "2025-02-06T18:31:05Z",
"published": "2025-02-06T06:31:25Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-48394"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://helpcenter-nddprint.ndd.tech/pt/seguranca-e-compliance/Current/dezembro-2024#0"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-45GF-27XM-H64Q
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-01-14 15:30 – Updated: 2025-01-14 15:30APTIOV contains a vulnerability in BIOS where an attacker may cause a TOCTOU Race Condition by local means. Successful exploitation of this vulnerability may lead to execution of arbitrary code on the target device.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-42444"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-367"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-01-14T15:15:25Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "APTIOV contains a vulnerability in BIOS where an attacker may cause a TOCTOU Race Condition by local means. Successful exploitation of this vulnerability may lead to execution of arbitrary code on the target device.",
"id": "GHSA-45gf-27xm-h64q",
"modified": "2025-01-14T15:30:57Z",
"published": "2025-01-14T15:30:57Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-42444"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://go.ami.com/hubfs/Security%20Advisories/2025/AMI-SA-2025001.pdf"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-45VW-7WGW-WVC6
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-10-15 18:31 – Updated: 2025-10-15 18:31Creative Cloud Desktop versions 6.7.0.278 and earlier are affected by a Time-of-check Time-of-use (TOCTOU) Race Condition vulnerability that could lead to arbitrary file system write. A low-privileged attacker could exploit the timing between the check and use of a resource, potentially allowing unauthorized modifications to files. Exploitation of this issue does not require user interaction.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-54271"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-367"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-10-15T17:15:59Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Creative Cloud Desktop versions 6.7.0.278 and earlier are affected by a Time-of-check Time-of-use (TOCTOU) Race Condition vulnerability that could lead to arbitrary file system write. A low-privileged attacker could exploit the timing between the check and use of a resource, potentially allowing unauthorized modifications to files. Exploitation of this issue does not require user interaction.",
"id": "GHSA-45vw-7wgw-wvc6",
"modified": "2025-10-15T18:31:52Z",
"published": "2025-10-15T18:31:52Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-54271"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://helpx.adobe.com/security/products/creative-cloud/apsb25-95.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:H/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-4674-QWPX-V98W
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-04-23 00:40 – Updated: 2024-04-03 23:52libuser 0.56 and 0.57 has a TOCTOU (time-of-check time-of-use) race condition when copying and removing directory trees.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2012-5630"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-367"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2019-11-25T14:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "libuser 0.56 and 0.57 has a TOCTOU (time-of-check time-of-use) race condition when copying and removing directory trees.",
"id": "GHSA-4674-qwpx-v98w",
"modified": "2024-04-03T23:52:23Z",
"published": "2022-04-23T00:40:19Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2012-5630"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/cve-2012-5630"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=CVE-2012-5630"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security-tracker.debian.org/tracker/CVE-2012-5630"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.securityfocus.com/bid/59285"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.fedoraproject.org/pipermail/package-announce/2013-April/102068.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-473J-FXXV-6H26
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-11-15 12:00 – Updated: 2022-11-18 18:30DMA transactions which are targeted at input buffers used for the HddPassword software SMI handler could cause SMRAM corruption through a TOCTOU attack. DMA transactions which are targeted at input buffers used for the software SMI handler used by the HddPassword driver could cause SMRAM corruption through a TOCTOU attack..This issue was discovered by Insyde engineering based on the general description provided by Intel's iSTARE group. Fixed in kernel Kernel 5.2: 05.27.23, Kernel 5.3: 05.36.23, Kernel 5.4: 05.44.23, Kernel 5.5: 05.52.23 https://www.insyde.com/security-pledge/SA-2022051
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-33909"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-367"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-11-15T00:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "DMA transactions which are targeted at input buffers used for the HddPassword software SMI handler could cause SMRAM corruption through a TOCTOU attack. DMA transactions which are targeted at input buffers used for the software SMI handler used by the HddPassword driver could cause SMRAM corruption through a TOCTOU attack..This issue was discovered by Insyde engineering based on the general description provided by Intel\u0027s iSTARE group. Fixed in kernel Kernel 5.2: 05.27.23, Kernel 5.3: 05.36.23, Kernel 5.4: 05.44.23, Kernel 5.5: 05.52.23 https://www.insyde.com/security-pledge/SA-2022051",
"id": "GHSA-473j-fxxv-6h26",
"modified": "2022-11-18T18:30:25Z",
"published": "2022-11-15T12:00:16Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-33909"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.insyde.com/security-pledge"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.insyde.com/security-pledge/SA-2022051"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-4763-GM32-3J45
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-11-09 12:00 – Updated: 2022-11-10 19:01In jpeg, there is a possible use after free due to a race condition. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with System execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation. Patch ID: ALPS07388753; Issue ID: ALPS07388753.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-32608"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-367"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-11-08T21:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "In jpeg, there is a possible use after free due to a race condition. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with System execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation. Patch ID: ALPS07388753; Issue ID: ALPS07388753.",
"id": "GHSA-4763-gm32-3j45",
"modified": "2022-11-10T19:01:10Z",
"published": "2022-11-09T12:00:22Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-32608"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://corp.mediatek.com/product-security-bulletin/November-2022"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-47G8-G4QW-4HP3
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-04-30 21:31 – Updated: 2025-04-30 21:31Tesla Model S Iris Modem Race Condition Firewall Bypass Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows network-adjacent attackers to bypass the firewall on the Iris modem in affected Tesla Model S vehicles. Authentication is not required to exploit this vulnerability.
The specific flaw exists within the firewall service. The issue results from a failure to obtain the xtables lock. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to bypass firewall rules. Was ZDI-CAN-23197.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-6029"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-367"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-04-30T20:15:20Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Tesla Model S Iris Modem Race Condition Firewall Bypass Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows network-adjacent attackers to bypass the firewall on the Iris modem in affected Tesla Model S vehicles. Authentication is not required to exploit this vulnerability.\n \nThe specific flaw exists within the firewall service. The issue results from a failure to obtain the xtables lock. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to bypass firewall rules. Was ZDI-CAN-23197.",
"id": "GHSA-47g8-g4qw-4hp3",
"modified": "2025-04-30T21:31:49Z",
"published": "2025-04-30T21:31:49Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-6029"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-25-260"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:A/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-47JP-46C9-25VF
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-10-10 12:31 – Updated: 2024-10-11 18:16Adobe Commerce versions 2.4.7-p2, 2.4.6-p7, 2.4.5-p9, 2.4.4-p10 and earlier are affected by a Time-of-check Time-of-use (TOCTOU) Race Condition vulnerability that could lead to a security feature bypass. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability to alter a condition between the check and the use of a resource, having a low impact on integrity. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Packagist",
"name": "magento/community-edition"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "2.4.7-beta1"
},
{
"fixed": "2.4.7-p3"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Packagist",
"name": "magento/community-edition"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "2.4.6-p1"
},
{
"fixed": "2.4.6-p8"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Packagist",
"name": "magento/community-edition"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "2.4.5-p1"
},
{
"fixed": "2.4.5-p10"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Packagist",
"name": "magento/community-edition"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "2.4.4-p11"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Packagist",
"name": "magento/community-edition"
},
"versions": [
"2.4.7"
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Packagist",
"name": "magento/community-edition"
},
"versions": [
"2.4.6"
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Packagist",
"name": "magento/community-edition"
},
"versions": [
"2.4.5"
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Packagist",
"name": "magento/community-edition"
},
"versions": [
"2.4.4"
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-45120"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-367"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2024-10-11T18:16:28Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2024-10-10T10:15:04Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Adobe Commerce versions 2.4.7-p2, 2.4.6-p7, 2.4.5-p9, 2.4.4-p10 and earlier are affected by a Time-of-check Time-of-use (TOCTOU) Race Condition vulnerability that could lead to a security feature bypass. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability to alter a condition between the check and the use of a resource, having a low impact on integrity. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction.",
"id": "GHSA-47jp-46c9-25vf",
"modified": "2024-10-11T18:16:28Z",
"published": "2024-10-10T12:31:12Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-45120"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/magento/magento2"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://helpx.adobe.com/security/products/magento/apsb24-73.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:N/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:L/SA:N",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
],
"summary": "Magento Open Source Time-of-check Time-of-use (TOCTOU) Race Condition vulnerability"
}
GHSA-482Q-8XHF-GXRW
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-07-25 18:30 – Updated: 2025-12-23 00:30In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
vsock: Fix transport_* TOCTOU
Transport assignment may race with module unload. Protect new_transport from becoming a stale pointer.
This also takes care of an insecure call in vsock_use_local_transport(); add a lockdep assert.
BUG: unable to handle page fault for address: fffffbfff8056000 Oops: Oops: 0000 [#1] SMP KASAN RIP: 0010:vsock_assign_transport+0x366/0x600 Call Trace: vsock_connect+0x59c/0xc40 __sys_connect+0xe8/0x100 __x64_sys_connect+0x6e/0xc0 do_syscall_64+0x92/0x1c0 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x4b/0x53
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-38461"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-367"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-07-25T16:15:31Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nvsock: Fix transport_* TOCTOU\n\nTransport assignment may race with module unload. Protect new_transport\nfrom becoming a stale pointer.\n\nThis also takes care of an insecure call in vsock_use_local_transport();\nadd a lockdep assert.\n\nBUG: unable to handle page fault for address: fffffbfff8056000\nOops: Oops: 0000 [#1] SMP KASAN\nRIP: 0010:vsock_assign_transport+0x366/0x600\nCall Trace:\n vsock_connect+0x59c/0xc40\n __sys_connect+0xe8/0x100\n __x64_sys_connect+0x6e/0xc0\n do_syscall_64+0x92/0x1c0\n entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x4b/0x53",
"id": "GHSA-482q-8xhf-gxrw",
"modified": "2025-12-23T00:30:30Z",
"published": "2025-07-25T18:30:40Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-38461"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/36a439049b34cca0b3661276049b84a1f76cc21a"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/687aa0c5581b8d4aa87fd92973e4ee576b550cdf"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/7b73bddf54777fb62d4d8c7729d0affe6df04477"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/8667e8d0eb46bc54fdae30ba2f4786407d3d88eb"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/9ce53e744f18e73059d3124070e960f3aa9902bf"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/9d24bb6780282b0255b9929abe5e8f98007e2c6e"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/ae2c712ba39c7007de63cb0c75b51ce1caaf1da5"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/10/msg00007.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/10/msg00008.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-48VR-CW3X-RRHF
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-11-15 12:00 – Updated: 2022-11-18 18:30DMA transactions which are targeted at input buffers used for the FwBlockServiceSmm software SMI handler could cause SMRAM corruption through a TOCTOU attack. DMA transactions which are targeted at input buffers used for the software SMI handler used by the FwBlockServiceSmm driver could cause SMRAM corruption through a TOCTOU attack. This issue was discovered by Insyde engineering based on the general description provided by Intel's iSTARE group. Fixed in kernel 5.2: 05.27.23, 5.3: 05.36.23, 5.4: 05.44.23, 5.5: 05.52.23 https://www.insyde.com/security-pledge/SA-2022048
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-33906"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-367"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-11-15T00:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "DMA transactions which are targeted at input buffers used for the FwBlockServiceSmm software SMI handler could cause SMRAM corruption through a TOCTOU attack. DMA transactions which are targeted at input buffers used for the software SMI handler used by the FwBlockServiceSmm driver could cause SMRAM corruption through a TOCTOU attack. This issue was discovered by Insyde engineering based on the general description provided by Intel\u0027s iSTARE group. Fixed in kernel 5.2: 05.27.23, 5.3: 05.36.23, 5.4: 05.44.23, 5.5: 05.52.23 https://www.insyde.com/security-pledge/SA-2022048",
"id": "GHSA-48vr-cw3x-rrhf",
"modified": "2022-11-18T18:30:25Z",
"published": "2022-11-15T12:00:16Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-33906"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/pdf/ssa-450613.pdf"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.insyde.com/security-pledge"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.insyde.com/security-pledge/SA-2022048"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation
The most basic advice for TOCTOU vulnerabilities is to not perform a check before the use. This does not resolve the underlying issue of the execution of a function on a resource whose state and identity cannot be assured, but it does help to limit the false sense of security given by the check.
Mitigation
When the file being altered is owned by the current user and group, set the effective gid and uid to that of the current user and group when executing this statement.
Mitigation
Limit the interleaving of operations on files from multiple processes.
Mitigation
If you cannot perform operations atomically and you must share access to the resource between multiple processes or threads, then try to limit the amount of time (CPU cycles) between the check and use of the resource. This will not fix the problem, but it could make it more difficult for an attack to succeed.
Mitigation
Recheck the resource after the use call to verify that the action was taken appropriately.
Mitigation
Ensure that some environmental locking mechanism can be used to protect resources effectively.
Mitigation
Ensure that locking occurs before the check, as opposed to afterwards, such that the resource, as checked, is the same as it is when in use.
CAPEC-27: Leveraging Race Conditions via Symbolic Links
This attack leverages the use of symbolic links (Symlinks) in order to write to sensitive files. An attacker can create a Symlink link to a target file not otherwise accessible to them. When the privileged program tries to create a temporary file with the same name as the Symlink link, it will actually write to the target file pointed to by the attackers' Symlink link. If the attacker can insert malicious content in the temporary file they will be writing to the sensitive file by using the Symlink. The race occurs because the system checks if the temporary file exists, then creates the file. The attacker would typically create the Symlink during the interval between the check and the creation of the temporary file.
CAPEC-29: Leveraging Time-of-Check and Time-of-Use (TOCTOU) Race Conditions
This attack targets a race condition occurring between the time of check (state) for a resource and the time of use of a resource. A typical example is file access. The adversary can leverage a file access race condition by "running the race", meaning that they would modify the resource between the first time the target program accesses the file and the time the target program uses the file. During that period of time, the adversary could replace or modify the file, causing the application to behave unexpectedly.