Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-349
AllowedAcceptance of Extraneous Untrusted Data With Trusted Data
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product, when processing trusted data, accepts any untrusted data that is also included with the trusted data, treating the untrusted data as if it were trusted.
82 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
CVE-2025-11411 (GCVE-0-2025-11411)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-10-22 12:28 – Updated: 2025-12-05 10:56
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Possible domain hijacking via promiscuous records in the authority section
Summary
NLnet Labs Unbound up to and including version 1.24.1 is vulnerable to possible domain hijack attacks. Promiscuous NS RRSets that complement positive DNS replies in the authority section can be used to trick resolvers to update their delegation information for the zone. Usually these RRSets are used to update the resolver's knowledge of the zone's name servers. A malicious actor can exploit the possible poisonous effect by injecting NS RRSets (and possibly their respective address records) in a reply. This could be done for example by trying to spoof a packet or fragmentation attacks. Unbound would then proceed to update the NS RRSet data it already has since the new data has enough trust for it, i.e., in-zone data for the delegation point. Unbound 1.24.1 includes a fix that scrubs unsolicited NS RRSets (and their respective address records) from replies mitigating the possible poison effect. Unbound 1.24.2 includes an additional fix that scrubs unsolicited NS RRSets (and their respective address records) from YXDOMAIN and non-referral nodata replies, further mitigating the possible poison effect.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2025-10-22 13:20 UTC
CWE
- CWE-349 - Acceptance of Extraneous Untrusted Data With Trusted Data
Assigner
References
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| NLnet Labs | Unbound |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 1.24.1
(semver)
|
Date Public
2025-10-22 00:00
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CVE-2025-5994 (GCVE-0-2025-5994)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-07-16 14:38 – Updated: 2025-11-03 18:13
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Cache poisoning via the ECS-enabled Rebirthday Attack
Summary
A multi-vendor cache poisoning vulnerability named 'Rebirthday Attack' has been discovered in caching resolvers that support EDNS Client Subnet (ECS). Unbound is also vulnerable when compiled with ECS support, i.e., '--enable-subnet', AND configured to send ECS information along with queries to upstream name servers, i.e., at least one of the 'send-client-subnet', 'client-subnet-zone' or 'client-subnet-always-forward' options is used. Resolvers supporting ECS need to segregate outgoing queries to accommodate for different outgoing ECS information. This re-opens up resolvers to a birthday paradox attack (Rebirthday Attack) that tries to match the DNS transaction ID in order to cache non-ECS poisonous replies.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2025-07-16 15:42 UTC
CWE
- CWE-349 - Acceptance of Extraneous Untrusted Data With Trusted Data
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://nlnetlabs.nl/downloads/unbound/CVE-2025-5… | vendor-advisory |
| https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025… |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| NLnet Labs | Unbound |
Affected:
1.6.2 , < 1.23.0
(semver)
|
Date Public
2025-07-16 00:00
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CVE-2025-1680 (GCVE-0-2025-1680)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-10-23 13:56 – Updated: 2025-10-23 14:35
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Summary
An acceptance of extraneous untrusted data with trusted data vulnerability has been identified in Moxa’s Ethernet switches, which allows attackers with administrative privileges to manipulate HTTP Host headers by injecting a specially crafted Host header into HTTP requests sent to an affected device’s web service. This vulnerability is classified as Host Header Injection, where invalid Host headers can manipulate to redirect users, forge links, or phishing attacks. There is no impact to the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of the affected device; no loss of confidentiality, integrity, and availability within any subsequent systems.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2025-10-23 14:34 UTC
CWE
- CWE-349 - Acceptance of Extraneous Untrusted Data With Trusted Data
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://www.moxa.com/en/support/product-support/s… | vendor-advisory |
| https://www.hackrtu.com/blog/cg-technical-en-003/ | technical-description |
Impacted products
4 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Moxa | TN-4500A Series |
Affected:
1.0 , ≤ 3.13
(custom)
Unaffected: 4.0 (custom) cpe:2.3:a:moxa:tn-4500a_series:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
|
| Moxa | TN-5500A Series |
Affected:
1.0 , ≤ 3.13
(custom)
Unaffected: 4.0 (custom) cpe:2.3:a:moxa:tn-5500a_series:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
|
| Moxa | TN-G4500 Series |
Affected:
1.0 , ≤ 5.5
(custom)
Unaffected: 5.5.255 (custom) cpe:2.3:a:moxa:tn-g4500_series:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
|
| Moxa | TN-G6500 Series |
Affected:
1.0 , ≤ 5.5
(custom)
Unaffected: 5.5.255 (custom) cpe:2.3:a:moxa:tn-g6500_series:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
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CVE-2024-53848 (GCVE-0-2024-53848)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-11-29 18:39 – Updated: 2024-12-02 22:20
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
check-jsonschema default caching for remote schemas allows for cache confusion
Summary
check-jsonschema is a CLI and set of pre-commit hooks for jsonschema validation. The default cache strategy uses the basename of a remote schema as the name of the file in the cache, e.g. `https://example.org/schema.json` will be stored as `schema.json`. This naming allows for conflicts. If an attacker can get a user to run `check-jsonschema` against a malicious schema URL, e.g., `https://example.evil.org/schema.json`, they can insert their own schema into the cache and it will be picked up and used instead of the appropriate schema. Such a cache confusion attack could be used to allow data to pass validation which should have been rejected. This issue has been patched in version 0.30.0. All users are advised to upgrade. A few workarounds exist: 1. Users can use `--no-cache` to disable caching. 2. Users can use `--cache-filename` to select filenames for use in the cache, or to ensure that other usages do not overwrite the cached schema. (Note: this flag is being deprecated as part of the remediation effort.) 3. Users can explicitly download the schema before use as a local file, as in `curl -LOs https://example.org/schema.json; check-jsonschema --schemafile ./schema.json`
Severity
7.1 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2024-12-02 22:19 UTC
CWE
- CWE-349 - Acceptance of Extraneous Untrusted Data With Trusted Data
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/python-jsonschema/check-jsonsc… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/python-jsonschema/check-jsonsc… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| python-jsonschema | check-jsonschema |
Affected:
< 0.30.0
|
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CVE-2024-42483 (GCVE-0-2024-42483)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-09-12 14:12 – Updated: 2024-09-12 16:46
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
ESP-NOW Replay Attacks Vulnerability
Summary
ESP-NOW Component provides a connectionless Wi-Fi communication protocol. An replay attacks vulnerability was discovered in the implementation of the ESP-NOW because the caches is not differentiated by message types, it is a single, shared resource for all kinds of messages, whether they are broadcast or unicast, and regardless of whether they are ciphertext or plaintext. This can result an attacker to clear the cache of its legitimate entries, there by creating an opportunity to re-inject previously captured packets. This vulnerability is fixed in 2.5.2.
Severity
6.5 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2024-09-12 16:46 UTC
CWE
- CWE-349 - Acceptance of Extraneous Untrusted Data With Trusted Data
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/espressif/esp-now/security/adv… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
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CVE-2024-34083 (GCVE-0-2024-34083)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-05-18 18:12 – Updated: 2024-08-02 02:42
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
STARTTLS unencrypted commands injection
Summary
aiosmptd is a reimplementation of the Python stdlib smtpd.py based on asyncio. Prior to version 1.4.6, servers based on aiosmtpd accept extra unencrypted commands after STARTTLS, treating them as if they came from inside the encrypted connection. This could be exploited by a man-in-the-middle attack. Version 1.4.6 contains a patch for the issue.
Severity
5.4 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2024-05-28 19:53 UTC
CWE
- CWE-349 - Acceptance of Extraneous Untrusted Data With Trusted Data
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/aio-libs/aiosmtpd/security/adv… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/aio-libs/aiosmtpd/commit/b3a4a… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://nostarttls.secvuln.info | x_refsource_MISC |
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CVE-2024-25638 (GCVE-0-2024-25638)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-07-22 14:05 – Updated: 2025-07-24 03:55
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
DNSJava DNSSEC Bypass
Summary
dnsjava is an implementation of DNS in Java. Records in DNS replies are not checked for their relevance to the query, allowing an attacker to respond with RRs from different zones. This vulnerability is fixed in 3.6.0.
Severity
8.9 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2025-07-23 00:00 UTC
CWE
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/dnsjava/dnsjava/security/advis… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/dnsjava/dnsjava/commit/2073a0c… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/dnsjava/dnsjava/commit/bc51df1… | x_refsource_MISCx_transferred |
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CVE-2023-44317 (GCVE-0-2023-44317)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-11-14 11:03 – Updated: 2025-01-14 10:28
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Summary
A vulnerability has been identified in RUGGEDCOM RM1224 LTE(4G) EU (6GK6108-4AM00-2BA2) (All versions < V7.2.2), RUGGEDCOM RM1224 LTE(4G) NAM (6GK6108-4AM00-2DA2) (All versions < V7.2.2), SCALANCE M804PB (6GK5804-0AP00-2AA2) (All versions < V7.2.2), SCALANCE M812-1 ADSL-Router (6GK5812-1AA00-2AA2) (All versions < V7.2.2), SCALANCE M812-1 ADSL-Router (6GK5812-1BA00-2AA2) (All versions < V7.2.2), SCALANCE M816-1 ADSL-Router (6GK5816-1AA00-2AA2) (All versions < V7.2.2), SCALANCE M816-1 ADSL-Router (6GK5816-1BA00-2AA2) (All versions < V7.2.2), SCALANCE M826-2 SHDSL-Router (6GK5826-2AB00-2AB2) (All versions < V7.2.2), SCALANCE M874-2 (6GK5874-2AA00-2AA2) (All versions < V7.2.2), SCALANCE M874-3 (6GK5874-3AA00-2AA2) (All versions < V7.2.2), SCALANCE M876-3 (6GK5876-3AA02-2BA2) (All versions < V7.2.2), SCALANCE M876-3 (ROK) (6GK5876-3AA02-2EA2) (All versions < V7.2.2), SCALANCE M876-4 (6GK5876-4AA10-2BA2) (All versions < V7.2.2), SCALANCE M876-4 (EU) (6GK5876-4AA00-2BA2) (All versions < V7.2.2), SCALANCE M876-4 (NAM) (6GK5876-4AA00-2DA2) (All versions < V7.2.2), SCALANCE MUM853-1 (EU) (6GK5853-2EA00-2DA1) (All versions < V7.2.2), SCALANCE MUM856-1 (EU) (6GK5856-2EA00-3DA1) (All versions < V7.2.2), SCALANCE MUM856-1 (RoW) (6GK5856-2EA00-3AA1) (All versions < V7.2.2), SCALANCE S615 EEC LAN-Router (6GK5615-0AA01-2AA2) (All versions < V7.2.2), SCALANCE S615 LAN-Router (6GK5615-0AA00-2AA2) (All versions < V7.2.2), SCALANCE WAB762-1 (6GK5762-1AJ00-6AA0) (All versions < V3.0.0), SCALANCE WAM763-1 (6GK5763-1AL00-7DA0) (All versions < V3.0.0), SCALANCE WAM763-1 (ME) (6GK5763-1AL00-7DC0) (All versions < V3.0.0), SCALANCE WAM763-1 (US) (6GK5763-1AL00-7DB0) (All versions < V3.0.0), SCALANCE WAM766-1 (6GK5766-1GE00-7DA0) (All versions < V3.0.0), SCALANCE WAM766-1 (ME) (6GK5766-1GE00-7DC0) (All versions < V3.0.0), SCALANCE WAM766-1 (US) (6GK5766-1GE00-7DB0) (All versions < V3.0.0), SCALANCE WAM766-1 EEC (6GK5766-1GE00-7TA0) (All versions < V3.0.0), SCALANCE WAM766-1 EEC (ME) (6GK5766-1GE00-7TC0) (All versions < V3.0.0), SCALANCE WAM766-1 EEC (US) (6GK5766-1GE00-7TB0) (All versions < V3.0.0), SCALANCE WUB762-1 (6GK5762-1AJ00-1AA0) (All versions < V3.0.0), SCALANCE WUB762-1 iFeatures (6GK5762-1AJ00-2AA0) (All versions < V3.0.0), SCALANCE WUM763-1 (6GK5763-1AL00-3AA0) (All versions < V3.0.0), SCALANCE WUM763-1 (6GK5763-1AL00-3DA0) (All versions < V3.0.0), SCALANCE WUM763-1 (US) (6GK5763-1AL00-3AB0) (All versions < V3.0.0), SCALANCE WUM763-1 (US) (6GK5763-1AL00-3DB0) (All versions < V3.0.0), SCALANCE WUM766-1 (6GK5766-1GE00-3DA0) (All versions < V3.0.0), SCALANCE WUM766-1 (ME) (6GK5766-1GE00-3DC0) (All versions < V3.0.0), SCALANCE WUM766-1 (USA) (6GK5766-1GE00-3DB0) (All versions < V3.0.0). Affected products do not properly validate the content of uploaded X509 certificates which could allow an attacker with administrative privileges to execute arbitrary code on the device.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2023-12-09 05:05 UTC
CWE
- CWE-349 - Acceptance of Extraneous Untrusted Data With Trusted Data
Assigner
References
6 references
Impacted products
35 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Siemens | RUGGEDCOM RM1224 LTE(4G) EU |
Affected:
0 , < V7.2.2
(custom)
|
|
| Siemens | RUGGEDCOM RM1224 LTE(4G) NAM |
Affected:
0 , < V7.2.2
(custom)
|
|
| Siemens | SCALANCE M804PB |
Affected:
0 , < V7.2.2
(custom)
|
|
| Siemens | SCALANCE M812-1 ADSL-Router |
Affected:
0 , < V7.2.2
(custom)
|
|
| Siemens | SCALANCE M816-1 ADSL-Router |
Affected:
0 , < V7.2.2
(custom)
|
|
| Siemens | SCALANCE M826-2 SHDSL-Router |
Affected:
0 , < V7.2.2
(custom)
|
|
| Siemens | SCALANCE M874-2 |
Affected:
0 , < V7.2.2
(custom)
|
|
| Siemens | SCALANCE M874-3 |
Affected:
0 , < V7.2.2
(custom)
|
|
| Siemens | SCALANCE M876-3 |
Affected:
0 , < V7.2.2
(custom)
|
|
| Siemens | SCALANCE M876-3 (ROK) |
Affected:
0 , < V7.2.2
(custom)
|
|
| Siemens | SCALANCE M876-4 |
Affected:
0 , < V7.2.2
(custom)
|
|
| Siemens | SCALANCE M876-4 (EU) |
Affected:
0 , < V7.2.2
(custom)
|
|
| Siemens | SCALANCE M876-4 (NAM) |
Affected:
0 , < V7.2.2
(custom)
|
|
| Siemens | SCALANCE MUM853-1 (EU) |
Affected:
0 , < V7.2.2
(custom)
|
|
| Siemens | SCALANCE MUM856-1 (EU) |
Affected:
0 , < V7.2.2
(custom)
|
|
| Siemens | SCALANCE MUM856-1 (RoW) |
Affected:
0 , < V7.2.2
(custom)
|
|
| Siemens | SCALANCE S615 EEC LAN-Router |
Affected:
0 , < V7.2.2
(custom)
|
|
| Siemens | SCALANCE S615 LAN-Router |
Affected:
0 , < V7.2.2
(custom)
|
|
| Siemens | SCALANCE WAB762-1 |
Affected:
0 , < V3.0.0
(custom)
|
|
| Siemens | SCALANCE WAM763-1 |
Affected:
0 , < V3.0.0
(custom)
|
|
| Siemens | SCALANCE WAM763-1 (ME) |
Affected:
0 , < V3.0.0
(custom)
|
|
| Siemens | SCALANCE WAM763-1 (US) |
Affected:
0 , < V3.0.0
(custom)
|
|
| Siemens | SCALANCE WAM766-1 |
Affected:
0 , < V3.0.0
(custom)
|
|
| Siemens | SCALANCE WAM766-1 (ME) |
Affected:
0 , < V3.0.0
(custom)
|
|
| Siemens | SCALANCE WAM766-1 (US) |
Affected:
0 , < V3.0.0
(custom)
|
|
| Siemens | SCALANCE WAM766-1 EEC |
Affected:
0 , < V3.0.0
(custom)
|
|
| Siemens | SCALANCE WAM766-1 EEC (ME) |
Affected:
0 , < V3.0.0
(custom)
|
|
| Siemens | SCALANCE WAM766-1 EEC (US) |
Affected:
0 , < V3.0.0
(custom)
|
|
| Siemens | SCALANCE WUB762-1 |
Affected:
0 , < V3.0.0
(custom)
|
|
| Siemens | SCALANCE WUB762-1 iFeatures |
Affected:
0 , < V3.0.0
(custom)
|
|
| Siemens | SCALANCE WUM763-1 |
Affected:
0 , < V3.0.0
(custom)
|
|
| Siemens | SCALANCE WUM763-1 (US) |
Affected:
0 , < V3.0.0
(custom)
|
|
| Siemens | SCALANCE WUM766-1 |
Affected:
0 , < V3.0.0
(custom)
|
|
| Siemens | SCALANCE WUM766-1 (ME) |
Affected:
0 , < V3.0.0
(custom)
|
|
| Siemens | SCALANCE WUM766-1 (USA) |
Affected:
0 , < V3.0.0
(custom)
|
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{
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CVE-2023-5548 (GCVE-0-2023-5548)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-11-09 19:36 – Updated: 2024-08-02 07:59
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Moodle: cache poisoning risk with endpoint revision numbers
Summary
Stronger revision number limitations were required on file serving endpoints to improve cache poisoning protection.
Severity
CWE
- CWE-349 - Acceptance of Extraneous Untrusted Data With Trusted Data
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| http://git.moodle.org/gw?p=moodle.git&a=search&h=… | |
| https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2243449 | issue-trackingx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://moodle.org/mod/forum/discuss.php?d=451589 |
Impacted products
Date Public
2023-10-16 00:00
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CVE-2023-3749 (GCVE-0-2023-3749)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-08-03 19:40 – Updated: 2024-10-09 20:11
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
VideoEdge config
Summary
A local user could edit the VideoEdge configuration file and interfere with VideoEdge operation.
Severity
7.1 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2024-10-09 19:35 UTC
CWE
- CWE-349 - Acceptance of Extraneous Untrusted Data With Trusted Data
Assigner
References
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sensormatic Electronics, a subsidiary of Johnson Controls, Inc. | VideoEdge |
Affected:
0 , < 6.1.1
(custom)
|
Date Public
2023-08-03 19:33
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No mitigation information available for this CWE.
CAPEC-141: Cache Poisoning
An attacker exploits the functionality of cache technologies to cause specific data to be cached that aids the attackers' objectives. This describes any attack whereby an attacker places incorrect or harmful material in cache. The targeted cache can be an application's cache (e.g. a web browser cache) or a public cache (e.g. a DNS or ARP cache). Until the cache is refreshed, most applications or clients will treat the corrupted cache value as valid. This can lead to a wide range of exploits including redirecting web browsers towards sites that install malware and repeatedly incorrect calculations based on the incorrect value.
CAPEC-142: DNS Cache Poisoning
A domain name server translates a domain name (such as www.example.com) into an IP address that Internet hosts use to contact Internet resources. An adversary modifies a public DNS cache to cause certain names to resolve to incorrect addresses that the adversary specifies. The result is that client applications that rely upon the targeted cache for domain name resolution will be directed not to the actual address of the specified domain name but to some other address. Adversaries can use this to herd clients to sites that install malware on the victim's computer or to masquerade as part of a Pharming attack.
CAPEC-75: Manipulating Writeable Configuration Files
Generally these are manually edited files that are not in the preview of the system administrators, any ability on the attackers' behalf to modify these files, for example in a CVS repository, gives unauthorized access directly to the application, the same as authorized users.