CWE-331

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2019-9555"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-331"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2019-03-05T23:29:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Sagemcom F@st 5260 routers using firmware version 0.4.39, in WPA mode, default to using a PSK that is generated from a 2-part wordlist of known values and a nonce with insufficient entropy. The number of possible PSKs is about 1.78 billion, which is too small.",
  "id": "GHSA-rf22-j4q7-f2f8",
  "modified": "2022-05-13T01:23:04Z",
  "published": "2022-05-13T01:23:04Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-9555"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2019/Mar/12"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2019-15847"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-331"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2019-09-02T23:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "The POWER9 backend in GNU Compiler Collection (GCC) before version 10 could optimize multiple calls of the __builtin_darn intrinsic into a single call, thus reducing the entropy of the random number generator. This occurred because a volatile operation was not specified. For example, within a single execution of a program, the output of every __builtin_darn() call may be the same.",
  "id": "GHSA-rf68-2835-83vw",
  "modified": "2024-04-04T01:52:18Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T16:55:20Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-15847"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://gcc.gnu.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=91481"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2019-10/msg00056.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2019-10/msg00057.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2020-05/msg00058.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "npm",
        "name": "crypto-js"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "4.0.0"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-71851"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-331",
      "CWE-334",
      "CWE-338"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2026-08-07T18:48:59Z",
    "nvd_published_at": null,
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "### Summary\n\n`CryptoJS.lib.WordArray.random()` in affected versions is not a cryptographically secure random number generator. Nominal requests for 128 or 256 bits of entropy produce effective search spaces of approximately 2^39 and 2^47 possibilities \u2014 small enough to enumerate on commodity hardware.\n\nCoinspect\u0027s [Ill Bloom](https://www.coinspect.com/blog/ill-bloom-investigation/) investigation confirmed that downstream wallet applications used this function as the entropy source for BIP39 recovery phrases.\n\n**An application is affected only if it uses the vulnerable function to generate security-sensitive values.** \n\nMerely depending on `crypto-js \u003c 4.0.0` is not sufficient to be exploitable.\n\n### Details\n\nThe affected implementation used a custom variation of George Marsaglia\u0027s Multiply-With-Carry PRNG, seeded from `Math.random()`. It was introduced in 3.1.2-4 (June 2014, commit brix/crypto-js@ff1f003) in response to issue \\#7, and was present in every 3.x release except 3.2.0 and 3.2.1. That **change was reverted in 3.3.0** because it was considered a breaking change, so projects tracking the 3.x line could resolve to newer versions that still contained the weak generator. \n\n4.0.0 replaced the generator with the platform\u0027s native cryptographic API.\n\nApplying PBKDF2, another KDF, or a cryptographic hash after the vulnerable generator does not restore missing entropy.\n\n### Proof of concept\n\nCoinspect reproduced the attack end to end:\n\n1. Reimplemented the affected `WordArray.random()` behavior.  \n2. Enumerated the feasible outputs of the underlying PRNG.  \n3. Converted candidate entropy values into valid BIP39 recovery phrases.  \n4. Derived private keys and addresses across the relevant derivation paths and networks.  \n5. Compared derived addresses against public blockchain data.  \n6. Recovered the private keys controlling funded addresses.\n\n### Impact\n\nAn attacker can enumerate the reduced output space and recover security-sensitive values generated through the affected function.\n\nCoinspect documented coordinated drain waves affecting addresses derived from vulnerable recovery phrases. As of July 13, 2026, the measured lower bound of stolen assets across the two events was approximately $5M.\n\nThe consequences are persistent:\n\n* Updating an affected library or wallet does not strengthen a previously generated secret.  \n* Importing the same recovery phrase into an updated software or hardware wallet does not remediate the issue.  \n* Previously generated secrets may remain exploitable indefinitely.  \n* Future deposits to an affected address may also be stolen.  \n* Assets may remain exposed across networks or derivation paths that have not yet shown suspicious activity.\n\n### Remediation\n\n**For projects:**\n\n1. Upgrade `crypto-js` to version `4.0.0` or later. Where possible, replace CryptoJS randomness with the native Web Crypto API or Node.js `crypto` module.  \n2. Audit direct, downstream, and transitive dependencies for versions of `crypto-js` matching `\u003c 4.0.0`.  \n3. Determine whether `CryptoJS.lib.WordArray.random()` was used to generate any security-sensitive values.  \n4. Identify the time periods and application versions during which the vulnerable generation path was present.  \n5. Treat all long-term secrets generated through an affected path as compromised and rotate them.  \n6. Notify affected users that installing an update is insufficient when a long-term secret was generated by the vulnerable code.\n\n**For wallet users:** create a new wallet with a newly generated recovery phrase from a trustworthy source and migrate assets to addresses derived from it. Do not import the existing recovery phrase into the new wallet.\n\n### Public address checker\n\nCoinspect provides a public checker for addresses identified in the known Ill Bloom exposed-address datasets:\n\n[https://illbloom.org/](https://illbloom.org/)\n\nOnly public blockchain addresses should be entered. Users must **never enter a recovery phrase**, seed phrase, mnemonic, private key, password, or wallet backup file.\n\nA match indicates that funds controlled by the same recovery phrase may be at immediate risk. A negative result only means that the submitted address was not found in the currently published datasets.\n\n### References\n\n* Ill Bloom research site and public address checker:  \n  [https://illbloom.org/](https://illbloom.org/)  \n* Coinspect investigation overview:  \n  [https://www.coinspect.com/blog/ill-bloom-investigation/](https://www.coinspect.com/blog/ill-bloom-investigation/)  \n* CryptoJS issue \\#7 \u2014 `randomBytes is not random enough`:  \n  [https://github.com/brix/crypto-js/issues/7](https://github.com/brix/crypto-js/issues/7)  \n* Commit introducing the MWC-based implementation:  \n  [https://github.com/brix/crypto-js/commit/ff1f0032ff58aedfcc44eb6aa7b2c78207a98009](https://github.com/brix/crypto-js/commit/ff1f0032ff58aedfcc44eb6aa7b2c78207a98009)  \n* Changes between CryptoJS `3.3.0` and `4.0.0`:  \n  [https://github.com/brix/crypto-js/compare/3.3.0...4.0.0](https://github.com/brix/crypto-js/compare/3.3.0...4.0.0)  \n* Downstream `ferrumnet/bip39` fork:  \n  [https://github.com/ferrumnet/bip39](https://github.com/ferrumnet/bip39)",
  "id": "GHSA-rg76-677x-56q9",
  "modified": "2026-08-07T18:48:59Z",
  "published": "2026-08-07T18:48:59Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/brix/crypto-js/security/advisories/GHSA-rg76-677x-56q9"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/brix/crypto-js/commit/b405ff597fb3ac76a7bdfbc72dca10ba1079b1d5"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/brix/crypto-js"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.coinspect.com/blog/ill-bloom-investigation"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "crypto-js: Insufficient Entropy in Cryptographic Secret Generation via Vulnerable CryptoJS Dependency Chain"
}

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2012-4687"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-331"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2012-12-08T15:55:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Post Oak AWAM Bluetooth Reader Traffic System does not use a sufficient source of entropy for private keys, which makes it easier for man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof a device by predicting a key value.",
  "id": "GHSA-rgvp-66gg-99pp",
  "modified": "2025-07-09T21:30:55Z",
  "published": "2022-05-17T05:17:48Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2012-4687"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.cisa.gov/news-events/ics-advisories/icsa-12-335-01"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.postoaktraffic.com/contact.aspx"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.us-cert.gov/control_systems/pdf/ICSA-12-335-01.pdf"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Go",
        "name": "github.com/rclone/rclone"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "1.53.3"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2020-28924"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-331",
      "CWE-338"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2021-06-09T14:47:19Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2020-11-19T20:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "An issue was discovered in Rclone before 1.53.3. Due to the use of a weak random number generator, the password generator has been producing weak passwords with much less entropy than advertised. The suggested passwords depend deterministically on the time the second rclone was started. This limits the entropy of the passwords enormously. These passwords are often used in the crypt backend for encryption of data. It would be possible to make a dictionary of all possible passwords with about 38 million entries per password length. This would make decryption of secret material possible with a plausible amount of effort. NOTE: all passwords generated by affected versions should be changed.",
  "id": "GHSA-rmw5-xpg9-jr29",
  "modified": "2022-04-27T20:30:31Z",
  "published": "2021-06-10T17:23:21Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-28924"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/rclone/rclone/issues/4783"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/rclone/rclone"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/UJIFT24Q6EFXLQZ24AER2QGFFZLMIPCD"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/202107-14"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Use of Cryptographically Weak Pseudo-Random Number Generator in Rclone"
}

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "npm",
        "name": "cryptiles"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "4.0.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "4.1.2"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "npm",
        "name": "cryptiles"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "3.1.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "3.1.3"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2018-1000620"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-331"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2020-06-16T21:55:29Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2018-07-09T20:29:00Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "Versions of `cryptiles` prior to 4.1.2 are vulnerable to Insufficient Entropy. The `randomDigits()` method does not provide sufficient entropy and its generates digits that are not evenly distributed.\n\n\n## Recommendation\n\nUpgrade to version 4.1.2. The package is deprecated and has been moved to `@hapi/cryptiles` and it is strongly recommended to use the maintained package.",
  "id": "GHSA-rq8g-5pc5-wrhr",
  "modified": "2026-06-08T15:52:36Z",
  "published": "2018-09-11T18:22:50Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-1000620"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/hapijs/cryptiles/issues/34"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/hapijs/cryptiles/issues/35"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/hapijs/cryptiles/commit/6bdcd0f6ee8ade96e7b30350bad39ee0c2ef0f9b"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/hapijs/cryptiles/commit/9332d4263a32b84e76bf538d7470d01ea63fa047"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/hapijs/cryptiles/commit/cb6bd642816e0cb8341d2b3896fd9e7c57e94f56"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/hapijs/cryptiles"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/nodejs/security-wg/blob/master/vuln/npm/476.json"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.npmjs.com/advisories/1464"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.npmjs.com/advisories/720"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Insufficient Entropy in cryptiles"
}

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2019-15703"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-331"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2019-10-24T14:15:00Z",
    "severity": "LOW"
  },
  "details": "An Insufficient Entropy in PRNG vulnerability in Fortinet FortiOS 6.2.1 and below for device not enable hardware TRNG token and models not support builtin TRNG seed allows attacker to theoretically recover the long term ECDSA secret in a TLS client with a RSA handshake and mutual ECDSA authentication via the help of flush+reload side channel attacks in FortiGate VM models only.",
  "id": "GHSA-rwg7-vwhm-3x8j",
  "modified": "2022-05-24T16:59:48Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T16:59:48Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-15703"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://fortiguard.com/psirt/FG-IR-19-186"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-2336"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-331"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-04-16T18:16:44Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "A privilege escalation vulnerability in Microchip IStaX allows an authenticated low-privileged user to recover a shared per-device cookie secret from their own webstax_auth session cookie and forge a new cookie with administrative privileges.This issue affects IStaX before 2026.03.",
  "id": "GHSA-v47p-q5xc-j34w",
  "modified": "2026-08-12T18:30:59Z",
  "published": "2026-04-16T18:31:22Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-2336"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.microchip.com/en-us/solutions/technologies/embedded-security/how-to-report-potential-product-security-vulnerabilities/istax-privilege-escalation-via-weak-cookie-authentication"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:P/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:H/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "database_specific": {
        "last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 5.5.0"
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Packagist",
        "name": "auth0/wordpress"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "5.0.0-BETA0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "5.6.0"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-331"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2026-04-03T03:43:13Z",
    "nvd_published_at": null,
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "### Impact\nIn applications built with the Auth0 PHP SDK, cookies are encrypted with insufficient entropy, which may result in threat actors brute-forcing the encryption key and forging session cookies.\n\n### Am I Affected?\nConsumers are affected if their application meets the following preconditions:\n- It is using the Auth0 WordPress Plugin, versions between 5.0.0-BETA0 and 5.5.0\n- Auth0 WordPress plugin using the Auth0-PHP SDK versions between 8.0.0 to 8.18.0.\n\n### Resolution\nUpgrade Auth0/wordpress to version 5.6.0 or greater.",
  "id": "GHSA-vfpx-q664-h93m",
  "modified": "2026-04-03T03:43:13Z",
  "published": "2026-04-03T03:43:13Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/auth0/wordpress/security/advisories/GHSA-vfpx-q664-h93m"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/auth0/wordpress"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Auth0 WordPress Plugin has Insufficient Entropy in Cookie Encryption"
}

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "npm",
        "name": "parsel"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0.0.0"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-331"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2020-08-31T19:00:10Z",
    "nvd_published_at": null,
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "All versions of `parsel` use an insecure key derivation function. The package runs keys of arbitrary lengths through one round of SHA256 hashing for key stretching. This allows for the use of keys of insufficient entropy with inappropriate key stretching.\n\n\n## Recommendation\n\nThe package is deprecated and will not be updated. Consider using an alternative package.",
  "id": "GHSA-vjvw-wcmw-pr26",
  "modified": "2020-08-31T19:00:10Z",
  "published": "2020-09-04T17:37:08Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.npmjs.com/advisories/1462"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [],
  "summary": "Insufficient Entropy in parsel"
}