CWE-306
AllowedMissing Authentication for Critical Function
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product does not perform any authentication for functionality that requires a provable user identity or consumes a significant amount of resources.
3456 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-RQC2-5FV7-4VRP
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-02-25 18:31 – Updated: 2026-02-25 18:31A flaw has been found in Chia Blockchain 2.1.0. The affected element is the function send_transaction/get_private_key of the component RPC Server Master Passphrase Handler. This manipulation causes missing authentication. The attack can only be executed locally. The attack's complexity is rated as high. The exploitability is described as difficult. The exploit has been published and may be used. The vendor was informed early via email. A separate report via bugbounty was rejected with the reason "This is by design. The user is responsible for host security".
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-3194"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287",
"CWE-306"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-02-25T18:23:42Z",
"severity": "LOW"
},
"details": "A flaw has been found in Chia Blockchain 2.1.0. The affected element is the function send_transaction/get_private_key of the component RPC Server Master Passphrase Handler. This manipulation causes missing authentication. The attack can only be executed locally. The attack\u0027s complexity is rated as high. The exploitability is described as difficult. The exploit has been published and may be used. The vendor was informed early via email. A separate report via bugbounty was rejected with the reason \"This is by design. The user is responsible for host security\".",
"id": "GHSA-rqc2-5fv7-4vrp",
"modified": "2026-02-25T18:31:39Z",
"published": "2026-02-25T18:31:38Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-3194"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/Danimlzg/chia-rpc-auth-bypass.git"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.347750"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.347750"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?submit.757201"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:H/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-RQCC-H287-275C
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-06-23 18:31 – Updated: 2026-06-23 18:31Tenable Identity Exposure contains multiple unauthenticated API endpoints under /w/api/* that expose sensitive application configuration data including cleartext LDAP credentials, SAML configuration, user accounts, and directory settings to unauthenticated remote attackers. Affected responses are served with Cache-Control: public headers and without Vary: Cookie, allowing reverse proxies and CDNs to cache and serve sensitive data to unauthenticated users even after authentication is applied.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-13007"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-306"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-06-23T17:16:41Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Tenable Identity Exposure contains multiple unauthenticated API endpoints under /w/api/* that expose sensitive application configuration data including cleartext LDAP credentials, SAML configuration, user accounts, and directory settings to unauthenticated remote attackers. Affected responses are served with Cache-Control: public headers and without Vary: Cookie, allowing reverse proxies and CDNs to cache and serve sensitive data to unauthenticated users even after authentication is applied.",
"id": "GHSA-rqcc-h287-275c",
"modified": "2026-06-23T18:31:41Z",
"published": "2026-06-23T18:31:41Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-13007"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.tenable.com/security/research/tns-2026-16"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:L/SI:L/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-RQP9-223X-28P2
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-08-13 12:30 – Updated: 2024-04-04 06:53Permission control vulnerability in the audio module. Successful exploitation of this vulnerability may cause audio devices to perform abnormally.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-39380"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287",
"CWE-306"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-08-13T12:15:43Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Permission control vulnerability in the audio module. Successful exploitation of this vulnerability may cause audio devices to perform abnormally.",
"id": "GHSA-rqp9-223x-28p2",
"modified": "2024-04-04T06:53:40Z",
"published": "2023-08-13T12:30:19Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-39380"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://consumer.huawei.com/en/support/bulletin/2023/8"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://device.harmonyos.com/en/docs/security/update/security-bulletins-202308-0000001667644725"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-RQPW-V3G2-QCCX
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:14 – Updated: 2025-10-22 00:31Under certain conditions, vmdir that ships with VMware vCenter Server, as part of an embedded or external Platform Services Controller (PSC), does not correctly implement access controls.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2020-3952"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287",
"CWE-306",
"CWE-863"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2020-04-10T14:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Under certain conditions, vmdir that ships with VMware vCenter Server, as part of an embedded or external Platform Services Controller (PSC), does not correctly implement access controls.",
"id": "GHSA-rqpw-v3g2-qccx",
"modified": "2025-10-22T00:31:52Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:14:00Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-3952"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2020-3952"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.vmware.com/security/advisories/VMSA-2020-0006"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/157896/VMware-vCenter-Server-6.7-Authentication-Bypass.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-RR2V-X53X-8P62
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-11-04 21:31 – Updated: 2025-11-04 21:31The Survision LPR Camera system does not enforce password protection by default. This allows access to the configuration wizard immediately without a login prompt or credentials check.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-12108"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-306"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-11-04T19:17:09Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "The Survision LPR Camera system does not enforce password protection by default. This allows access to the configuration wizard immediately without a login prompt or credentials check.",
"id": "GHSA-rr2v-x53x-8p62",
"modified": "2025-11-04T21:31:34Z",
"published": "2025-11-04T21:31:34Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-12108"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.cisa.gov/news-events/ics-advisories/icsa-25-308-02"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-RR99-4WCC-6FJC
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-06-03 15:30 – Updated: 2026-06-03 18:33Improper Access Control vulnerability in EMTA Grup PDKS allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels.This issue affects PDKS: before 20240603.
NOTE: The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-0336"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284",
"CWE-306"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-06-03T14:15:08Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "Improper Access Control vulnerability in EMTA Grup PDKS allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels.This issue affects PDKS: before 20240603.\u00a0\n\nNOTE: The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.",
"id": "GHSA-rr99-4wcc-6fjc",
"modified": "2026-06-03T18:33:04Z",
"published": "2024-06-03T15:30:56Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-0336"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://siberguvenlik.gov.tr/guvenlik-bildirimleri/detay/tr-24-0600"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.usom.gov.tr/bildirim/tr-24-0600"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-RRGH-7G24-H4HG
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:32 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:32The TP-LINK EAP Controller is TP-LINK's software for remotely controlling wireless access point devices. It utilizes a Java remote method invocation (RMI) service for remote control. The RMI interface does not require any authentication before use, so it lacks user authentication for RMI service commands in EAP controller versions 2.5.3 and earlier. Remote attackers can implement deserialization attacks through the RMI protocol. Successful attacks may allow a remote attacker to remotely control the target server and execute Java functions or bytecode.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2018-5393"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-306"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2018-09-28T17:29:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "The TP-LINK EAP Controller is TP-LINK\u0027s software for remotely controlling wireless access point devices. It utilizes a Java remote method invocation (RMI) service for remote control. The RMI interface does not require any authentication before use, so it lacks user authentication for RMI service commands in EAP controller versions 2.5.3 and earlier. Remote attackers can implement deserialization attacks through the RMI protocol. Successful attacks may allow a remote attacker to remotely control the target server and execute Java functions or bytecode.",
"id": "GHSA-rrgh-7g24-h4hg",
"modified": "2022-05-13T01:32:12Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:32:12Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-5393"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.kb.cert.org/vuls/id/581311"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/105402"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-RRHW-MWXF-M9MP
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-08-17 21:30 – Updated: 2026-02-25 18:31A Missing Authentication for Critical Function vulnerability in Juniper Networks Junos OS on SRX Series allows an unauthenticated, network-based attacker to cause limited impact to the file system integrity.
With a specific request that doesn't require authentication an attacker is able to upload arbitrary files via J-Web, leading to a loss of
integrity
for a certain
part of the file system, which may allow chaining to other vulnerabilities.
This issue affects Juniper Networks Junos OS on SRX Series:
- All versions prior to 20.4R3-S8;
- 21.2 versions prior to 21.2R3-S6;
- 21.3 versions
prior to
21.3R3-S5; * 21.4 versions
prior to
21.4R3-S5; * 22.1 versions
prior to
22.1R3-S3; * 22.2 versions
prior to
22.2R3-S2; * 22.3 versions
prior to
22.3R2-S2, 22.3R3; * 22.4 versions
prior to
22.4R2-S1, 22.4R3.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-36846"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-306"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-08-17T20:15:10Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A Missing Authentication for Critical Function vulnerability in Juniper Networks Junos OS on SRX Series allows an unauthenticated, network-based attacker to cause limited impact to the file system integrity.\n\n\n\nWith a specific request that doesn\u0027t require authentication an attacker is able to upload arbitrary files via J-Web, leading to a loss of \n\nintegrity\n\nfor a certain\u00a0\n\npart of the\u00a0file system, which may allow chaining to other vulnerabilities.\n\n\nThis issue affects Juniper Networks Junos OS on SRX Series:\n\n\n\n * All versions prior to 20.4R3-S8;\n * 21.2 versions prior to 21.2R3-S6;\n * 21.3 versions \n\nprior to \n\n 21.3R3-S5;\n * 21.4 versions \n\nprior to \n\n21.4R3-S5;\n * 22.1 versions \n\nprior to \n\n22.1R3-S3;\n * 22.2 versions \n\nprior to \n\n22.2R3-S2;\n * 22.3 versions \n\nprior to \n\n22.3R2-S2, 22.3R3;\n * 22.4 versions \n\nprior to \n\n22.4R2-S1, 22.4R3.",
"id": "GHSA-rrhw-mwxf-m9mp",
"modified": "2026-02-25T18:31:23Z",
"published": "2023-08-17T21:30:53Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-36846"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://supportportal.juniper.net/JSA72300"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2023-36846"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/174397/Juniper-JunOS-SRX-EX-Remote-Code-Execution.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-RRPM-PXV9-75VX
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-08-12 15:30 – Updated: 2024-08-12 15:30An improper access control vulnerability exists in the mintplex-labs/anything-llm application, specifically within the import endpoint. This vulnerability allows an anonymous attacker, without an account in the application, to import their own database file, leading to the deletion or spoofing of the existing anythingllm.db file. By exploiting this vulnerability, attackers can serve malicious data to users or collect information about them. The vulnerability stems from the application's failure to properly restrict access to the data-import functionality, allowing unauthorized database manipulation.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-3279"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284",
"CWE-306"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-08-12T13:38:26Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "An improper access control vulnerability exists in the mintplex-labs/anything-llm application, specifically within the import endpoint. This vulnerability allows an anonymous attacker, without an account in the application, to import their own database file, leading to the deletion or spoofing of the existing `anythingllm.db` file. By exploiting this vulnerability, attackers can serve malicious data to users or collect information about them. The vulnerability stems from the application\u0027s failure to properly restrict access to the data-import functionality, allowing unauthorized database manipulation.",
"id": "GHSA-rrpm-pxv9-75vx",
"modified": "2024-08-12T15:30:50Z",
"published": "2024-08-12T15:30:49Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-3279"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/mintplex-labs/anything-llm/commit/08d33cfd8fc47c5052b6ea29597c964a9da641e2"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://huntr.com/bounties/303c5145-2c14-4945-914a-936be74dd04e"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-RRPR-947M-3FGH
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-06-05 00:31 – Updated: 2026-06-05 00:31Affected platforms running Arista EOS with OpenConfig configured, a gNMI Set request can be run when it should have been rejected. This can result in unexpected configuration being applied to the switch.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-27890"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-306"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-06-04T23:16:47Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Affected platforms running Arista EOS with OpenConfig configured, a gNMI Set request can be run when it should have been rejected. This can result in unexpected configuration being applied to the switch.",
"id": "GHSA-rrpr-947m-3fgh",
"modified": "2026-06-05T00:31:36Z",
"published": "2026-06-05T00:31:36Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-27890"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.arista.com/en/support/advisories-notices/security-advisory/19862-security-advisory-0099"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
Mitigation
- Divide the software into anonymous, normal, privileged, and administrative areas. Identify which of these areas require a proven user identity, and use a centralized authentication capability.
- Identify all potential communication channels, or other means of interaction with the software, to ensure that all channels are appropriately protected, including those channels that are assumed to be accessible only by authorized parties. Developers sometimes perform authentication at the primary channel, but open up a secondary channel that is assumed to be private. For example, a login mechanism may be listening on one network port, but after successful authentication, it may open up a second port where it waits for the connection, but avoids authentication because it assumes that only the authenticated party will connect to the port.
- In general, if the software or protocol allows a single session or user state to persist across multiple connections or channels, authentication and appropriate credential management need to be used throughout.
Mitigation MIT-15
For any security checks that are performed on the client side, ensure that these checks are duplicated on the server side, in order to avoid CWE-602. Attackers can bypass the client-side checks by modifying values after the checks have been performed, or by changing the client to remove the client-side checks entirely. Then, these modified values would be submitted to the server.
Mitigation
- Where possible, avoid implementing custom, "grow-your-own" authentication routines and consider using authentication capabilities as provided by the surrounding framework, operating system, or environment. These capabilities may avoid common weaknesses that are unique to authentication; support automatic auditing and tracking; and make it easier to provide a clear separation between authentication tasks and authorization tasks.
- In environments such as the World Wide Web, the line between authentication and authorization is sometimes blurred. If custom authentication routines are required instead of those provided by the server, then these routines must be applied to every single page, since these pages could be requested directly.
Mitigation MIT-4.5
Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks
- Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
- For example, consider using libraries with authentication capabilities such as OpenSSL or the ESAPI Authenticator [REF-45].
Mitigation
When storing data in the cloud (e.g., S3 buckets, Azure blobs, Google Cloud Storage, etc.), use the provider's controls to require strong authentication for users who should be allowed to access the data [REF-1297] [REF-1298] [REF-1302].
CAPEC-12: Choosing Message Identifier
This pattern of attack is defined by the selection of messages distributed via multicast or public information channels that are intended for another client by determining the parameter value assigned to that client. This attack allows the adversary to gain access to potentially privileged information, and to possibly perpetrate other attacks through the distribution means by impersonation. If the channel/message being manipulated is an input rather than output mechanism for the system, (such as a command bus), this style of attack could be used to change the adversary's identifier to more a privileged one.
CAPEC-166: Force the System to Reset Values
An attacker forces the target into a previous state in order to leverage potential weaknesses in the target dependent upon a prior configuration or state-dependent factors. Even in cases where an attacker may not be able to directly control the configuration of the targeted application, they may be able to reset the configuration to a prior state since many applications implement reset functions.
CAPEC-216: Communication Channel Manipulation
An adversary manipulates a setting or parameter on communications channel in order to compromise its security. This can result in information exposure, insertion/removal of information from the communications stream, and/or potentially system compromise.
CAPEC-36: Using Unpublished Interfaces or Functionality
An adversary searches for and invokes interfaces or functionality that the target system designers did not intend to be publicly available. If interfaces fail to authenticate requests, the attacker may be able to invoke functionality they are not authorized for.
CAPEC-62: Cross Site Request Forgery
An attacker crafts malicious web links and distributes them (via web pages, email, etc.), typically in a targeted manner, hoping to induce users to click on the link and execute the malicious action against some third-party application. If successful, the action embedded in the malicious link will be processed and accepted by the targeted application with the users' privilege level. This type of attack leverages the persistence and implicit trust placed in user session cookies by many web applications today. In such an architecture, once the user authenticates to an application and a session cookie is created on the user's system, all following transactions for that session are authenticated using that cookie including potential actions initiated by an attacker and simply "riding" the existing session cookie.