Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-290

Allowed

Authentication Bypass by Spoofing

Abstraction: Base · Status: Incomplete

This attack-focused weakness is caused by incorrectly implemented authentication schemes that are subject to spoofing attacks.

1023 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

CVE-2026-58370 (GCVE-0-2026-58370)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-30 15:57 – Updated: 2026-07-14 21:35 X_Open Source
VLAI
Title
Woodpecker < 3.15.0 - GitLab Approval Gate Bypass via Spoofable Commit Author Name
Summary
Woodpecker before 3.15.0 matches the ApprovalAllowedUsers bypass list against pipeline.Author. For the GitLab forge driver, pipeline.Author is populated from the git commit author name (commit.author.name) carried in the webhook payload, which is attacker-controlled and not verified by GitLab. A user who can open a merge request from a fork can set the commit author name to match an entry in ApprovalAllowedUsers, causing needsApproval to return false so the pipeline runs without the required approval. This defeats the fork-approval security boundary and allows execution of attacker-controlled pipeline steps on a Woodpecker agent and exfiltration of CI secrets exposed to the run. Other built-in forge drivers (Gitea, Forgejo, GitHub, Bitbucket) derive pipeline.Author from the forge-validated sender/actor identity and are not affected.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-07-01 00:00 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-290 - Authentication Bypass by Spoofing
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
woodpecker-ci woodpecker Affected: 0 , < 3.15.0 (semver)
    cpe:2.3:a:woodpecker-ci:woodpecker:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-05-27 00:00
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-56675 (GCVE-0-2026-56675)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-10 15:39 – Updated: 2026-07-10 16:55
VLAI
Title
9router: Reverse proxy locality collapse allows unauthenticated access to 9router /v1 APIs
Summary
9Router is an AI router & token saver. Prior to 0.5.2, 9router treats loopback requests as trusted and allows /v1/* access without an API key, so a same-host reverse proxy that forwards public traffic to the backend through 127.0.0.1 causes src/dashboardGuard.js to misclassify external requests as local. A remote unauthenticated attacker can access /v1 APIs such as /v1/models and may abuse configured upstream provider credentials through /v1 proxy endpoints depending on enabled providers. This issue is fixed in version 0.5.2.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-07-10 16:54 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-287 - Improper Authentication
  • CWE-290 - Authentication Bypass by Spoofing
  • CWE-306 - Missing Authentication for Critical Function
  • CWE-441 - Unintended Proxy or Intermediary ('Confused Deputy')
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
decolua 9router Affected: < 0.5.2
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-56360 (GCVE-0-2026-56360)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-08 13:49 – Updated: 2026-07-08 14:26
VLAI
Title
n8n - Webhook Forgery via Unsigned POST Requests in ZendeskTrigger
Summary
n8n before versions 1.123.18 and 2.6.2 fails to verify HMAC-SHA256 signatures on Zendesk webhooks in the ZendeskTrigger node. Attackers who know the webhook URL can send unsigned POST requests to trigger workflows with arbitrary malicious data.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-07-08 14:26 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-290 - Authentication Bypass by Spoofing
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
n8n n8n Affected: 0 , < 1.123.18 (semver)
Unaffected: 1.123.18 (semver)
Affected: 2.0.0 , < 2.6.2 (semver)
Unaffected: 2.6.2 (semver)
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    cpe:2.3:a:n8n:n8n:*:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-02-25 00:00
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-56357 (GCVE-0-2026-56357)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-22 21:04 – Updated: 2026-06-23 14:25
VLAI
Title
n8n - Webhook Forgery via Missing HMAC-SHA256 Signature Verification in GitHub Webhook Trigger
Summary
n8n before 1.123.15 and 2.5.0 contains a webhook forgery vulnerability in the GitHub Webhook Trigger node that fails to implement HMAC-SHA256 signature verification. Attackers who know the webhook URL can send unsigned POST requests to trigger workflows with arbitrary data, spoofing GitHub webhook events.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-06-23 14:24 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-290 - Authentication Bypass by Spoofing
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
n8n n8n Affected: 0 , < 1.123.15 (semver)
Unaffected: 1.123.15 (semver)
Affected: 2.0.0 , < 2.5.0 (semver)
Unaffected: 2.5.0 (semver)
    cpe:2.3:a:n8n:n8n:*:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:n8n:n8n:*:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-02-25 00:00
Credits
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-56020 (GCVE-0-2026-56020)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-18 16:12 – Updated: 2026-08-11 15:33
VLAI
Title
Webmin HTTP header authentication bypass
Summary
The Webmin HTTP server (miniserv.pl) allows unauthenticated attackers to impersonate any user with a configured SSL client certificate by sending a forged HTTP header. A remote attacker can spoof certificate DNs and authenticate as any user. Fixed in 2.202.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · cisa-cg (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-05-29 20:04 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-290 - Authentication Bypass by Spoofing
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Webmin Webmin Affected: 0 , < 2.202 (custom)
Unaffected: 2.202
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-06-18 00:00
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-55954 (GCVE-0-2026-55954)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-14 15:08 – Updated: 2026-07-15 04:14
VLAI
Title
Missing ID token claim validation in ueberauth_apple allows account takeover
Summary
Authentication Bypass by Spoofing vulnerability in ueberauth ueberauth_apple allows account takeover via unvalidated ID token claims. The Ueberauth.Strategy.Apple.Token.payload/2 function verifies the JWT signature of the callback id_token against Apple's JWKS but does not validate any registered claims. The iss, aud, exp, and iat claims are read from the token and passed on to Ueberauth.Strategy.Apple.handle_callback!/1, which derives the logged-in user's uid and email directly from the unvalidated sub claim. An attacker who obtains any Apple-signed ID token bearing the victim's sub (via a captured expired token, or via an ID token issued to a sibling client in the same Apple developer team) can replay it against the vulnerable callback and be authenticated as the victim. The absent exp check makes stolen tokens usable indefinitely, and the absent aud check enables cross-application account takeover across clients that share an Apple developer team. This issue affects ueberauth_apple: from 0.1.0 before 0.6.2.
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-07-14 15:56 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-290 - Authentication Bypass by Spoofing
Assigner
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
ueberauth ueberauth_apple Affected: 0.1.0 , < 0.6.2 (semver)
    cpe:2.3:a:ueberauth:ueberauth_apple:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
ueberauth ueberauth_apple Affected: 3908a187d045c75994b62ce340c3aa26bb8976b8 , < 01e2d9c9b3134e1b78633ad82d136d5ff4a61f28 (git)
    cpe:2.3:a:ueberauth:ueberauth_apple:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-55652 (GCVE-0-2026-55652)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-15 21:15 – Updated: 2026-07-17 12:36
VLAI
Title
Wekan: Header-login IP allowlist bypass via X-Forwarded-For spoofing in Wekan allows unauthenticated full account takeover (incl. admin)
Summary
Wekan is open source kanban built with Meteor. Prior to 9.46, header-login with HEADER_LOGIN_TRUSTED_IPS uses getRequestIp() in server/lib/headerLoginAuth.js to trust the client-supplied X-Forwarded-For header before the real socket address, allowing an unauthenticated attacker to send HEADER_LOGIN_ID for any username and receive a meteor_login_token session, including for admin. This issue is fixed in version 9.46.
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: yes Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-07-17 12:36 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-287 - Improper Authentication
  • CWE-290 - Authentication Bypass by Spoofing
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
wekan wekan Affected: < 9.46
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-55641 (GCVE-0-2026-55641)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-10 15:36 – Updated: 2026-07-10 19:06
VLAI
Title
9router: Unauthenticated `/v1` proxy access via `Host`-header spoofing → open AI relay + SSRF
Summary
9Router is an AI router & token saver. Prior to 0.5.2, 9router determines whether a /v1 LLM proxy request is local by reading the client-controlled Host header, allowing a remote unauthenticated attacker to send Host: localhost and bypass API-key authentication. In the default configuration, this exposes the /v1 proxy to upstream provider calls using stored provider credentials and allows /v1/search with the searxng provider_options.baseUrl parameter to drive server-side requests to internal or cloud-metadata hosts. This issue is fixed in version 0.5.2.
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-07-10 19:06 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-290 - Authentication Bypass by Spoofing
  • CWE-348 - Use of Less Trusted Source
  • CWE-918 - Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF)
  • CWE-1327 - Binding to an Unrestricted IP Address
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
decolua 9router Affected: < 0.5.2
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-55584 (GCVE-0-2026-55584)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-28 18:29 – Updated: 2026-08-31 18:54
VLAI
Title
phpSysInfo: IP allowlist (PSI_ALLOWED) bypass via spoofed X-Forwarded-For / Client-IP headers
Summary
phpSysInfo is a customizable PHP script that displays system information. Prior to 3.4.6, the PSI_ALLOWED access-control check in read_config.php trusts attacker-controlled X-Forwarded-For and Client-IP HTTP headers before REMOTE_ADDR. A remote unauthenticated attacker can supply an allowed address in one of these headers to impersonate a trusted client and access exposed hostname, kernel, CPU, memory, filesystem, and network-interface information. This issue is fixed in version 3.4.6.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-31 15:42 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-290 - Authentication Bypass by Spoofing
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
phpsysinfo phpsysinfo Affected: < 3.4.6
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-55202 (GCVE-0-2026-55202)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-17 19:13 – Updated: 2026-07-14 21:33 X_Open Source
VLAI
Title
Tinyproxy - Stathost Detection Bypass via Host Header Manipulation
Summary
Tinyproxy through 1.11.3, fixed in commit 09312a1, fails to properly validate the Host header during stathost detection, allowing unauthenticated attackers to access the stats page by injecting a matching Host header or bypass detection via port manipulation. Remote attackers can trigger unauthorized access to internal proxy statistics or misroute requests as transparent proxy connections to circumvent access controls.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-06-23 02:03 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-290 - Authentication Bypass by Spoofing
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
tinyproxy tinyproxy Affected: 0 , ≤ 1.11.3 (semver)
Unaffected: 09312a185ae25cc486b4ff5987638a7917a48bce (git)
    cpe:2.3:a:tinyproxy_project:tinyproxy:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-04-17 00:00
Show details on NVD website

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            "vulnAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
            "vulnConfidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
            "vulnIntegrityImpact": "LOW",
            "vulnerabilityResponseEffort": "NOT_DEFINED"
          },
          "format": "CVSS",
          "scenarios": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "GENERAL"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "cvssV3_1": {
            "attackComplexity": "LOW",
            "attackVector": "NETWORK",
            "availabilityImpact": "NONE",
            "baseScore": 8.2,
            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
            "integrityImpact": "LOW",
            "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
            "scope": "UNCHANGED",
            "userInteraction": "NONE",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:L/A:N",
            "version": "3.1"
          },
          "format": "CVSS",
          "scenarios": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "GENERAL"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-290",
              "description": "Authentication Bypass by Spoofing",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-07-14T21:33:56.528Z",
        "orgId": "83251b91-4cc7-4094-a5c7-464a1b83ea10",
        "shortName": "VulnCheck"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "name": "Pull Request",
          "tags": [
            "issue-tracking"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/tinyproxy/tinyproxy/pull/606"
        },
        {
          "name": "Patch Commit",
          "tags": [
            "patch"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/tinyproxy/tinyproxy/commit/09312a185ae25cc486b4ff5987638a7917a48bce"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "third-party-advisory"
          ],
          "url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/evil-winrm-path-traversal-in-download-dir-function"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "x_open-source"
      ],
      "title": "Tinyproxy - Stathost Detection Bypass via Host Header Manipulation",
      "x_generator": {
        "engine": "vulncheck"
      }
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "83251b91-4cc7-4094-a5c7-464a1b83ea10",
    "assignerShortName": "VulnCheck",
    "cveId": "CVE-2026-55202",
    "datePublished": "2026-06-17T19:13:45.383Z",
    "dateReserved": "2026-06-16T15:53:37.764Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-07-14T21:33:56.528Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2"
}

No mitigation information available for this CWE.

CAPEC-21: Exploitation of Trusted Identifiers

An adversary guesses, obtains, or "rides" a trusted identifier (e.g. session ID, resource ID, cookie, etc.) to perform authorized actions under the guise of an authenticated user or service.

CAPEC-22: Exploiting Trust in Client

An attack of this type exploits vulnerabilities in client/server communication channel authentication and data integrity. It leverages the implicit trust a server places in the client, or more importantly, that which the server believes is the client. An attacker executes this type of attack by communicating directly with the server where the server believes it is communicating only with a valid client. There are numerous variations of this type of attack.

CAPEC-459: Creating a Rogue Certification Authority Certificate

An adversary exploits a weakness resulting from using a hashing algorithm with weak collision resistance to generate certificate signing requests (CSR) that contain collision blocks in their "to be signed" parts. The adversary submits one CSR to be signed by a trusted certificate authority then uses the signed blob to make a second certificate appear signed by said certificate authority. Due to the hash collision, both certificates, though different, hash to the same value and so the signed blob works just as well in the second certificate. The net effect is that the adversary's second X.509 certificate, which the Certification Authority has never seen, is now signed and validated by that Certification Authority.

CAPEC-461: Web Services API Signature Forgery Leveraging Hash Function Extension Weakness

An adversary utilizes a hash function extension/padding weakness, to modify the parameters passed to the web service requesting authentication by generating their own call in order to generate a legitimate signature hash (as described in the notes), without knowledge of the secret token sometimes provided by the web service.

CAPEC-473: Signature Spoof

An attacker generates a message or datablock that causes the recipient to believe that the message or datablock was generated and cryptographically signed by an authoritative or reputable source, misleading a victim or victim operating system into performing malicious actions.

CAPEC-476: Signature Spoofing by Misrepresentation

An attacker exploits a weakness in the parsing or display code of the recipient software to generate a data blob containing a supposedly valid signature, but the signer's identity is falsely represented, which can lead to the attacker manipulating the recipient software or its victim user to perform compromising actions.

CAPEC-59: Session Credential Falsification through Prediction

This attack targets predictable session ID in order to gain privileges. The attacker can predict the session ID used during a transaction to perform spoofing and session hijacking.

CAPEC-60: Reusing Session IDs (aka Session Replay)

This attack targets the reuse of valid session ID to spoof the target system in order to gain privileges. The attacker tries to reuse a stolen session ID used previously during a transaction to perform spoofing and session hijacking. Another name for this type of attack is Session Replay.

CAPEC-667: Bluetooth Impersonation AttackS (BIAS)

An adversary disguises the MAC address of their Bluetooth enabled device to one for which there exists an active and trusted connection and authenticates successfully. The adversary can then perform malicious actions on the target Bluetooth device depending on the target’s capabilities.

CAPEC-94: Adversary in the Middle (AiTM)

An adversary targets the communication between two components (typically client and server), in order to alter or obtain data from transactions. A general approach entails the adversary placing themself within the communication channel between the two components.