CWE-284
DiscouragedImproper Access Control
Abstraction: Pillar · Status: Incomplete
The product does not restrict or incorrectly restricts access to a resource from an unauthorized actor.
11419 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-G7GW-47JM-5W5X
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-09-01 15:31 – Updated: 2026-09-01 21:31Incorrect access control in the sendStaticInfoToMaster function of TOTOLINK T6 4.1.5cu.748_B20211015 allows unauthenticated attackers to update stored slave inventory records via sending a crafted MQTT message to the cs_broker component.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-51748"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-09-01T14:17:35Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Incorrect access control in the sendStaticInfoToMaster function of TOTOLINK T6 4.1.5cu.748_B20211015 allows unauthenticated attackers to update stored slave inventory records via sending a crafted MQTT message to the cs_broker component.",
"id": "GHSA-g7gw-47jm-5w5x",
"modified": "2026-09-01T21:31:40Z",
"published": "2026-09-01T15:31:12Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-51748"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/DarkBoulder/CVE-Vendor-Coordination/blob/main/TOTOLINK/README.md"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/ShengWu00/CVE-Vendor-Coordination/blob/main/TOTOLINK/README.md"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.totolink.net"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.totolink.net/home/menu/detail/menu_listtpl/download/id/190/ids/36.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-G7HH-VX9M-WV6C
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 02:22 – Updated: 2025-04-12 13:06Virtual Hard Disk Driver in Windows 10 Gold, 1511, and 1607 and Windows Server 2016 does not properly restrict access to files, which allows local users to gain privileges via a crafted application, aka "VHD Driver Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability."
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2016-7226"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2016-11-10T06:59:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Virtual Hard Disk Driver in Windows 10 Gold, 1511, and 1607 and Windows Server 2016 does not properly restrict access to files, which allows local users to gain privileges via a crafted application, aka \"VHD Driver Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability.\"",
"id": "GHSA-g7hh-vx9m-wv6c",
"modified": "2025-04-12T13:06:23Z",
"published": "2022-05-14T02:22:20Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2016-7226"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/security-updates/securitybulletins/2016/ms16-138"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/40763"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/94018"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1037248"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:H/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-G7M4-99VH-H98V
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-08-05 18:30 – Updated: 2025-08-05 21:31An issue was discovered in CPUID cpuz.sys 1.0.5.4. An attacker can use DeviceIoControl with the unvalidated parameters 0x9C402440 and 0x9C402444 as IoControlCodes to perform RDMSR and WRMSR, respectively. Through this process, the attacker can modify MSR_LSTAR and hook KiSystemCall64. Afterward, using Return-Oriented Programming (ROP), the attacker can manipulate the stack with pre-prepared gadgets, disable the SMAP flag in the CR4 register, and execute a user-mode syscall handler in the kernel context. It has not been confirmed whether this works on 32-bit Windows, but it functions on 64-bit Windows if the core isolation feature is either absent or disabled.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-51060"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-08-05T18:15:32Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "An issue was discovered in CPUID cpuz.sys 1.0.5.4. An attacker can use DeviceIoControl with the unvalidated parameters 0x9C402440 and 0x9C402444 as IoControlCodes to perform RDMSR and WRMSR, respectively. Through this process, the attacker can modify MSR_LSTAR and hook KiSystemCall64. Afterward, using Return-Oriented Programming (ROP), the attacker can manipulate the stack with pre-prepared gadgets, disable the SMAP flag in the CR4 register, and execute a user-mode syscall handler in the kernel context. It has not been confirmed whether this works on 32-bit Windows, but it functions on 64-bit Windows if the core isolation feature is either absent or disabled.",
"id": "GHSA-g7m4-99vh-h98v",
"modified": "2025-08-05T21:31:37Z",
"published": "2025-08-05T18:30:44Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-51060"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/ZiaLib/Zmsr"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://cpuid.com"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://cpuzsys.com"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-G7MJ-WWXQ-P2GR
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-11-14 21:30 – Updated: 2025-11-14 21:30A weakness has been identified in SimStudioAI sim up to ed9b9ad83f1a7c61f4392787fb51837d34eeb0af. Affected by this issue is the function Import of the file apps/sim/app/api/files/upload/route.ts of the component HTML File Parser. Executing manipulation of the argument File can lead to unrestricted upload. The attack may be launched remotely. The exploit has been made available to the public and could be exploited. This product operates on a rolling release basis, ensuring continuous delivery. Consequently, there are no version details for either affected or updated releases. This patch is called 45372aece5e05e04b417442417416a52e90ba174. A patch should be applied to remediate this issue.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-9800"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284",
"CWE-434"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-09-01T23:15:29Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A weakness has been identified in SimStudioAI sim up to ed9b9ad83f1a7c61f4392787fb51837d34eeb0af. Affected by this issue is the function Import of the file apps/sim/app/api/files/upload/route.ts of the component HTML File Parser. Executing manipulation of the argument File can lead to unrestricted upload. The attack may be launched remotely. The exploit has been made available to the public and could be exploited. This product operates on a rolling release basis, ensuring continuous delivery. Consequently, there are no version details for either affected or updated releases. This patch is called 45372aece5e05e04b417442417416a52e90ba174. A patch should be applied to remediate this issue.",
"id": "GHSA-g7mj-wwxq-p2gr",
"modified": "2025-11-14T21:30:28Z",
"published": "2025-11-14T21:30:28Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-9800"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/simstudioai/sim/issues/958"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/simstudioai/sim/issues/958#issue-3320696271"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/simstudioai/sim/issues/958#issuecomment-3221311734"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/simstudioai/sim/commit/45372aece5e05e04b417442417416a52e90ba174"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.322115"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.322115"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?submit.641129"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-G7MM-5P64-5FPJ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-10-26 21:30 – Updated: 2023-11-06 21:31Sielco PolyEco1000 is vulnerable to an information disclosure vulnerability due to improper access control enforcement. An unauthenticated remote attacker can exploit this via a specially crafted request to gain access to sensitive information.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-46662"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-10-26T20:15:08Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "\n\n\n\n\nSielco PolyEco1000 is vulnerable to an information disclosure vulnerability due to improper access control enforcement. An unauthenticated remote attacker can exploit this via a specially crafted request to gain access to sensitive information.\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n",
"id": "GHSA-g7mm-5p64-5fpj",
"modified": "2023-11-06T21:31:06Z",
"published": "2023-10-26T21:30:21Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-46662"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.cisa.gov/news-events/ics-advisories/icsa-23-299-07"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-G7MP-3C2C-6235
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-10-29 18:30 – Updated: 2025-10-30 21:30Incorrect access control on Dataphone A920 v2025.07.161103 exposes a service on port 8888 by default on the local network without authentication. This allows an attacker to interact with the device via a TCP socket without credentials. Additionally, sending an HTTP request to the service on port 8888 triggers an error in the response, which exposes the functionality, headers identifying Paytef dataphone packets, and the build version.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-61234"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-10-29T17:15:36Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Incorrect access control on Dataphone A920 v2025.07.161103 exposes a service on port 8888 by default on the local network without authentication. This allows an attacker to interact with the device via a TCP socket without credentials. Additionally, sending an HTTP request to the service on port 8888 triggers an error in the response, which exposes the functionality, headers identifying Paytef dataphone packets, and the build version.",
"id": "GHSA-g7mp-3c2c-6235",
"modified": "2025-10-30T21:30:45Z",
"published": "2025-10-29T18:30:34Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-61234"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/stuxve/expose-service-8888-dataphone"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-G7QG-48G2-C549
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-10-21 00:33 – Updated: 2026-10-21 00:33Vulnerability in the Oracle Java SE, Oracle GraalVM for JDK, Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition product of Oracle Java SE (component: Networking). Supported versions that are affected are Oracle Java SE: 8u503, 8u503-perf, 11.0.32.1, 17.0.20.1, 21.0.12.1, 25.0.4.1, 27; Oracle GraalVM for JDK: 17.0.20.1 and 21.0.12.1; Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition: 21.3.19.1.1. Difficult to exploit vulnerability allows unauthenticated attacker with network access via SOCKS5 to compromise Oracle Java SE, Oracle GraalVM for JDK, Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition. While the vulnerability is in Oracle Java SE, Oracle GraalVM for JDK, Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition, attacks may significantly impact additional products (scope change). Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in unauthorized creation, deletion or modification access to critical data or all Oracle Java SE, Oracle GraalVM for JDK, Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition accessible data. Note: This vulnerability can be exploited by using APIs in the specified Component, e.g., through a web service which supplies data to the APIs. This vulnerability also applies to Java deployments, typically in clients running sandboxed Java Web Start applications or sandboxed Java applets, that load and run untrusted code (e.g., code that comes from the internet) and rely on the Java sandbox for security. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 6.8 (Integrity impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:H/A:N).
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-91398"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-10-20T22:20:43Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Vulnerability in the Oracle Java SE, Oracle GraalVM for JDK, Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition product of Oracle Java SE (component: Networking). Supported versions that are affected are Oracle Java SE: 8u503, 8u503-perf, 11.0.32.1, 17.0.20.1, 21.0.12.1, 25.0.4.1, 27; Oracle GraalVM for JDK: 17.0.20.1 and 21.0.12.1; Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition: 21.3.19.1.1. Difficult to exploit vulnerability allows unauthenticated attacker with network access via SOCKS5 to compromise Oracle Java SE, Oracle GraalVM for JDK, Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition. While the vulnerability is in Oracle Java SE, Oracle GraalVM for JDK, Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition, attacks may significantly impact additional products (scope change). Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in unauthorized creation, deletion or modification access to critical data or all Oracle Java SE, Oracle GraalVM for JDK, Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition accessible data. Note: This vulnerability can be exploited by using APIs in the specified Component, e.g., through a web service which supplies data to the APIs. This vulnerability also applies to Java deployments, typically in clients running sandboxed Java Web Start applications or sandboxed Java applets, that load and run untrusted code (e.g., code that comes from the internet) and rely on the Java sandbox for security. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 6.8 (Integrity impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:H/A:N).",
"id": "GHSA-g7qg-48g2-c549",
"modified": "2026-10-21T00:33:27Z",
"published": "2026-10-21T00:33:27Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-91398"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpuoct2026.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:H/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-G7R2-WJMP-VJJ6
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:28 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:28The make_temporary_filename function in perltidy 20120701-1 and earlier allows local users to obtain sensitive information or write to arbitrary files via a symlink attack, related to use of the tmpnam function.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2014-2277"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2017-10-17T15:29:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "The make_temporary_filename function in perltidy 20120701-1 and earlier allows local users to obtain sensitive information or write to arbitrary files via a symlink attack, related to use of the tmpnam function.",
"id": "GHSA-g7r2-wjmp-vjj6",
"modified": "2022-05-13T01:28:41Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:28:41Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2014-2277"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1074720"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/92104"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.fedoraproject.org/pipermail/package-announce/2014-March/130464.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.fedoraproject.org/pipermail/package-announce/2014-March/130479.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2014/03/09/1"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/66139"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-G7RX-86VJ-HQM9
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-07-22 00:31 – Updated: 2026-07-22 00:31Vulnerability in the Oracle Enterprise Manager Base Platform product of Oracle Enterprise Manager (component: Agent Next Gen). Supported versions that are affected are 13.5 and 24.1. Difficult to exploit vulnerability allows low privileged attacker with network access via HTTPS to compromise Oracle Enterprise Manager Base Platform. While the vulnerability is in Oracle Enterprise Manager Base Platform, attacks may significantly impact additional products (scope change). Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in unauthorized creation, deletion or modification access to critical data or all Oracle Enterprise Manager Base Platform accessible data as well as unauthorized access to critical data or complete access to all Oracle Enterprise Manager Base Platform accessible data. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 8.2 (Confidentiality and Integrity impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:N).
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-46993"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-07-21T22:17:04Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Vulnerability in the Oracle Enterprise Manager Base Platform product of Oracle Enterprise Manager (component: Agent Next Gen). Supported versions that are affected are 13.5 and 24.1. Difficult to exploit vulnerability allows low privileged attacker with network access via HTTPS to compromise Oracle Enterprise Manager Base Platform. While the vulnerability is in Oracle Enterprise Manager Base Platform, attacks may significantly impact additional products (scope change). Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in unauthorized creation, deletion or modification access to critical data or all Oracle Enterprise Manager Base Platform accessible data as well as unauthorized access to critical data or complete access to all Oracle Enterprise Manager Base Platform accessible data. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 8.2 (Confidentiality and Integrity impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:N).",
"id": "GHSA-g7rx-86vj-hqm9",
"modified": "2026-07-22T00:31:13Z",
"published": "2026-07-22T00:31:13Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-46993"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpujul2026.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-G824-PJW8-CRWM
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-08-18 21:33 – Updated: 2026-08-18 21:33Vulnerability in Oracle Application Testing Suite. The supported version that is affected is 13.3.0.1. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows low privileged attacker having Load Testing for Web Apps privilege with logon to the infrastructure where Oracle Application Testing Suite executes to compromise Oracle Application Testing Suite. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in takeover of Oracle Application Testing Suite. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 7.8 (Confidentiality, Integrity and Availability impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-70866"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-08-18T21:17:42Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Vulnerability in Oracle Application Testing Suite. The supported version that is affected is 13.3.0.1. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows low privileged attacker having Load Testing for Web Apps privilege with logon to the infrastructure where Oracle Application Testing Suite executes to compromise Oracle Application Testing Suite. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in takeover of Oracle Application Testing Suite. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 7.8 (Confidentiality, Integrity and Availability impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).",
"id": "GHSA-g824-pjw8-crwm",
"modified": "2026-08-18T21:33:04Z",
"published": "2026-08-18T21:33:04Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-70866"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cspuaug2026.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation MIT-1
Very carefully manage the setting, management, and handling of privileges. Explicitly manage trust zones in the software.
Mitigation MIT-46
Strategy: Separation of Privilege
- Compartmentalize the system to have "safe" areas where trust boundaries can be unambiguously drawn. Do not allow sensitive data to go outside of the trust boundary and always be careful when interfacing with a compartment outside of the safe area.
- Ensure that appropriate compartmentalization is built into the system design, and the compartmentalization allows for and reinforces privilege separation functionality. Architects and designers should rely on the principle of least privilege to decide the appropriate time to use privileges and the time to drop privileges.
CAPEC-19: Embedding Scripts within Scripts
An adversary leverages the capability to execute their own script by embedding it within other scripts that the target software is likely to execute due to programs' vulnerabilities that are brought on by allowing remote hosts to execute scripts.
CAPEC-441: Malicious Logic Insertion
An adversary installs or adds malicious logic (also known as malware) into a seemingly benign component of a fielded system. This logic is often hidden from the user of the system and works behind the scenes to achieve negative impacts. With the proliferation of mass digital storage and inexpensive multimedia devices, Bluetooth and 802.11 support, new attack vectors for spreading malware are emerging for things we once thought of as innocuous greeting cards, picture frames, or digital projectors. This pattern of attack focuses on systems already fielded and used in operation as opposed to systems and their components that are still under development and part of the supply chain.
CAPEC-478: Modification of Windows Service Configuration
An adversary exploits a weakness in access control to modify the execution parameters of a Windows service. The goal of this attack is to execute a malicious binary in place of an existing service.
CAPEC-479: Malicious Root Certificate
An adversary exploits a weakness in authorization and installs a new root certificate on a compromised system. Certificates are commonly used for establishing secure TLS/SSL communications within a web browser. When a user attempts to browse a website that presents a certificate that is not trusted an error message will be displayed to warn the user of the security risk. Depending on the security settings, the browser may not allow the user to establish a connection to the website. Adversaries have used this technique to avoid security warnings prompting users when compromised systems connect over HTTPS to adversary controlled web servers that spoof legitimate websites in order to collect login credentials.
CAPEC-502: Intent Spoof
An adversary, through a previously installed malicious application, issues an intent directed toward a specific trusted application's component in an attempt to achieve a variety of different objectives including modification of data, information disclosure, and data injection. Components that have been unintentionally exported and made public are subject to this type of an attack. If the component trusts the intent's action without verififcation, then the target application performs the functionality at the adversary's request, helping the adversary achieve the desired negative technical impact.
CAPEC-503: WebView Exposure
An adversary, through a malicious web page, accesses application specific functionality by leveraging interfaces registered through WebView's addJavascriptInterface API. Once an interface is registered to WebView through addJavascriptInterface, it becomes global and all pages loaded in the WebView can call this interface.
CAPEC-536: Data Injected During Configuration
An attacker with access to data files and processes on a victim's system injects malicious data into critical operational data during configuration or recalibration, causing the victim's system to perform in a suboptimal manner that benefits the adversary.
CAPEC-546: Incomplete Data Deletion in a Multi-Tenant Environment
An adversary obtains unauthorized information due to insecure or incomplete data deletion in a multi-tenant environment. If a cloud provider fails to completely delete storage and data from former cloud tenants' systems/resources, once these resources are allocated to new, potentially malicious tenants, the latter can probe the provided resources for sensitive information still there.
CAPEC-550: Install New Service
When an operating system starts, it also starts programs called services or daemons. Adversaries may install a new service which will be executed at startup (on a Windows system, by modifying the registry). The service name may be disguised by using a name from a related operating system or benign software. Services are usually run with elevated privileges.
CAPEC-551: Modify Existing Service
When an operating system starts, it also starts programs called services or daemons. Modifying existing services may break existing services or may enable services that are disabled/not commonly used.
CAPEC-552: Install Rootkit
An adversary exploits a weakness in authentication to install malware that alters the functionality and information provide by targeted operating system API calls. Often referred to as rootkits, it is often used to hide the presence of programs, files, network connections, services, drivers, and other system components.
CAPEC-556: Replace File Extension Handlers
When a file is opened, its file handler is checked to determine which program opens the file. File handlers are configuration properties of many operating systems. Applications can modify the file handler for a given file extension to call an arbitrary program when a file with the given extension is opened.
CAPEC-558: Replace Trusted Executable
An adversary exploits weaknesses in privilege management or access control to replace a trusted executable with a malicious version and enable the execution of malware when that trusted executable is called.
CAPEC-562: Modify Shared File
An adversary manipulates the files in a shared location by adding malicious programs, scripts, or exploit code to valid content. Once a user opens the shared content, the tainted content is executed.
CAPEC-563: Add Malicious File to Shared Webroot
An adversaries may add malicious content to a website through the open file share and then browse to that content with a web browser to cause the server to execute the content. The malicious content will typically run under the context and permissions of the web server process, often resulting in local system or administrative privileges depending on how the web server is configured.
CAPEC-564: Run Software at Logon
Operating system allows logon scripts to be run whenever a specific user or users logon to a system. If adversaries can access these scripts, they may insert additional code into the logon script. This code can allow them to maintain persistence or move laterally within an enclave because it is executed every time the affected user or users logon to a computer. Modifying logon scripts can effectively bypass workstation and enclave firewalls. Depending on the access configuration of the logon scripts, either local credentials or a remote administrative account may be necessary.
CAPEC-578: Disable Security Software
An adversary exploits a weakness in access control to disable security tools so that detection does not occur. This can take the form of killing processes, deleting registry keys so that tools do not start at run time, deleting log files, or other methods.