CWE-284
DiscouragedImproper Access Control
Abstraction: Pillar · Status: Incomplete
The product does not restrict or incorrectly restricts access to a resource from an unauthorized actor.
10703 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-66WX-HP59-23GX
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-07-02 15:32 – Updated: 2026-07-02 15:32A malicious actor with access to the network and low privileges could exploit an Improper Access Control vulnerability found in UniFi Network Application to escalate privileges within the UniFi Network Application.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-55114"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-07-02T15:17:05Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A malicious actor with access to the network and low privileges could exploit an Improper Access Control vulnerability found in UniFi Network Application to escalate privileges within the UniFi Network Application.",
"id": "GHSA-66wx-hp59-23gx",
"modified": "2026-07-02T15:32:13Z",
"published": "2026-07-02T15:32:13Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-55114"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://community.ui.com/releases/Security-Advisory-Bulletin-066-066/984eceb3-49c8-4227-942d-671c289b3afc"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-672G-VMCW-4MJJ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-08-31 15:34 – Updated: 2026-08-31 15:34Joomla Extension - joomshaper.com - Broken Access Control & Missing Authorization in MegaMenu Settings in Helix Ultimate < 2.2.10 - The AJAX endpoint save-megamenu-settings failed to enforce item-level and menu-level edit permissions (core.edit on com_menus.item.{id} or core.admin). An authenticated user could submit modified layout parameters for arbitrary menu items without proper authorization.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-78076"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-08-31T14:17:23Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Joomla Extension - joomshaper.com - Broken Access Control \u0026 Missing Authorization in MegaMenu Settings in Helix Ultimate \u003c 2.2.10 - The AJAX endpoint save-megamenu-settings failed to enforce item-level and menu-level edit permissions (core.edit on com_menus.item.{id} or core.admin). An authenticated user could submit modified layout parameters for arbitrary menu items without proper authorization.",
"id": "GHSA-672g-vmcw-4mjj",
"modified": "2026-08-31T15:34:45Z",
"published": "2026-08-31T15:34:45Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-78076"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.joomshaper.com/joomla-templates/helixultimate"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-674F-PRPQ-5P64
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-08-28 21:31 – Updated: 2026-09-01 18:30Incorrect access control in the getWiFiMeshConfig function of TOTOLINK T6 4.1.5cu.748_B20211015 allows unauthenticated attackers to obtain mesh configuration and runtime state information via sending a crafted POST request to /cgi-bin/cstecgi.cgi.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-51641"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-08-28T20:18:07Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Incorrect access control in the getWiFiMeshConfig function of TOTOLINK T6 4.1.5cu.748_B20211015 allows unauthenticated attackers to obtain mesh configuration and runtime state information via sending a crafted POST request to /cgi-bin/cstecgi.cgi.",
"id": "GHSA-674f-prpq-5p64",
"modified": "2026-09-01T18:30:32Z",
"published": "2026-08-28T21:31:14Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-51641"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/DarkBoulder/CVE-Vendor-Coordination/blob/main/TOTOLINK/README.md"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/ShengWu00/CVE-Vendor-Coordination/blob/main/TOTOLINK/README.md"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.totolink.net"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.totolink.net/home/menu/detail/menu_listtpl/download/id/190/ids/36.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-675Q-66GF-GQG8
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-11-25 22:55 – Updated: 2025-11-27 09:01Summary
During the login process, the server response included a parameter called isMasterAdmin. By intercepting and modifying this parameter value from false to true, a user is able to gain access to the admin dashboard interface. However, despite accessing the admin panel, the user does not have sufficient permissions to view or interact with actual data.
PoC
Intercept the login response and change "isMasterAdmin": false → "isMasterAdmin": true
Impact
The admin dashboard is viewable.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "@oneuptime/common"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "8.0.5567"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-66028"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284",
"CWE-863"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2025-11-25T22:55:50Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2025-11-26T19:15:52Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "### Summary\n\nDuring the login process, the server response included a parameter called isMasterAdmin. By intercepting and modifying this parameter value from false to true, a user is able to gain access to the admin dashboard interface. However, despite accessing the admin panel, the user does not have sufficient permissions to view or interact with actual data. \n\n\n### PoC\nIntercept the login response and change \"isMasterAdmin\": false \u2192 \"isMasterAdmin\": true \n\u003cimg width=\"1405\" height=\"567\" alt=\"image\" src=\"https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/7036398b-bb41-46c1-b66a-e49ec2bc3abb\" /\u003e\n\u003cimg width=\"1533\" height=\"476\" alt=\"2\" src=\"https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/4efcaef5-a939-4729-be43-3af62a7d02f8\" /\u003e\n\n\n### Impact\nThe admin dashboard is viewable.",
"id": "GHSA-675q-66gf-gqg8",
"modified": "2025-11-27T09:01:20Z",
"published": "2025-11-25T22:55:50Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/OneUptime/oneuptime/security/advisories/GHSA-675q-66gf-gqg8"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-66028"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/OneUptime/oneuptime/commit/3e72b2a9a4f50f98cf1f6cf13fa3e405715bb370"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/OneUptime/oneuptime"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
],
"summary": "OneUptime is Vulnerable to Privilege Escalation via Login Response Manipulation "
}
GHSA-6766-CX7R-C5Q6
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-08-11 09:32 – Updated: 2026-10-09 06:31openvt -u is intended to identify the owner of the current VT and then execute login as that user from a privileged context. In the documented kbrequest/init usage, the ownership test in authenticate_user() relies on stat("/proc/<pid>/fd/0"). stat() on /proc/<pid>/fd/0 follows the symlink to the underlying TTY device node. As a result, buf.st_uid reflects the owner of the TTY node rather than the owner of the process holding the file descriptor. If the TTY owner returns to root or the getty owner after logout while an unprivileged process still has fd 0 attached to that TTY, the check can incorrectly treat that process as belonging to the privileged console owner. Once that check succeeds, the -u path executes a passwordless login as the selected user. In the documented kbrequest/init deployment using openvt -us, this can result in passwordless login -f root on the spawned VT. This report establishes that privilege escalation path for that documented deployment; it does not claim equivalent reachability for deployments that do not use openvt -u from a privileged kbrequest/init path.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-72693"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-08-11T09:17:14Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "`openvt -u` is intended to identify the owner of the current VT and then execute `login` as that user from a privileged context. In the documented `kbrequest`/init usage, the ownership test in `authenticate_user()` relies on `stat(\"/proc/\u003cpid\u003e/fd/0\")`. `stat()` on `/proc/\u003cpid\u003e/fd/0` follows the symlink to the underlying TTY device node. As a result, `buf.st_uid` reflects the owner of the TTY node rather than the owner of the process holding the file descriptor. If the TTY owner returns to `root` or the getty owner after logout while an unprivileged process still has `fd 0` attached to that TTY, the check can incorrectly treat that process as belonging to the privileged console owner. Once that check succeeds, the `-u` path executes a passwordless login as the selected user. In the documented `kbrequest`/init deployment using `openvt -us`, this can result in passwordless `login -f root` on the spawned VT. This report establishes that privilege escalation path for that documented deployment; it does not claim equivalent reachability for deployments that do not use `openvt -u` from a privileged `kbrequest`/init path.",
"id": "GHSA-6766-cx7r-c5q6",
"modified": "2026-10-09T06:31:13Z",
"published": "2026-08-11T09:32:35Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-72693"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:41136"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:57597"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:57610"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:60440"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:66357"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:78951"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-72693"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2462115"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-6773-9Q85-X9GW
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 02:47 – Updated: 2025-04-12 13:01The RPC API in the RSCD agent in BMC BladeLogic Server Automation (BSA) 8.2.x, 8.3.x, 8.5.x, 8.6.x, and 8.7.x on Linux and UNIX allows remote attackers to bypass authorization and reset arbitrary user passwords by sending an action packet to xmlrpc after an authorization failure.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2016-1543"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2016-06-13T14:59:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "The RPC API in the RSCD agent in BMC BladeLogic Server Automation (BSA) 8.2.x, 8.3.x, 8.5.x, 8.6.x, and 8.7.x on Linux and UNIX allows remote attackers to bypass authorization and reset arbitrary user passwords by sending an action packet to xmlrpc after an authorization failure.",
"id": "GHSA-6773-9q85-x9gw",
"modified": "2025-04-12T13:01:05Z",
"published": "2022-05-14T02:47:00Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2016-1543"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://selfservice.bmc.com/casemgmt/sc_KnowledgeArticle?sfdcid=kA214000000dBpnCAE\u0026type=Solution"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/43902"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/43939"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.insinuator.net/2016/03/bmc-bladelogic-cve-2016-1542-and-cve-2016-1543"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/136462/BMC-Server-Automation-BSA-RSCD-Agent-Unauthorized-Password-Reset.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/archive/1/537910/100/0/threaded"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-6777-P72P-347G
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-08-21 09:32 – Updated: 2026-08-21 21:31Improper access control in CloudStack's annotation functionality allows unauthorized comment creation and disclosure.
The addAnnotation and listAnnotation APIs perform an ownership check when an entity's UUID is specified, but fail to honor its result correctly. This lets any authenticated user write annotations to, and disclose existing annotations/comments on, an entity they don't own by simply supplying its UUID.
This issue affects Apache CloudStack: from 4.15.0.0 through 4.20.3.0 and from 4.21.0.0 through 4.22.1.0.
Users are recommended to upgrade to version 4.20.3.1 or 4.22.1.1 or later, which fixes the issue.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-66797"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-08-21T09:16:40Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Improper access control in CloudStack\u0027s annotation functionality allows unauthorized\u00a0comment creation and disclosure.\n\n\n\n\nThe addAnnotation and listAnnotation APIs perform an ownership check when an entity\u0027s UUID is specified, but fail to honor its result correctly. This lets any authenticated user write annotations to, and disclose existing annotations/comments on, an entity they don\u0027t own by simply supplying its UUID.\n\n\n\n\nThis issue affects Apache CloudStack: from 4.15.0.0 through 4.20.3.0 and from 4.21.0.0 through 4.22.1.0.\n\n\n\n\n\nUsers are recommended to upgrade to version 4.20.3.1 or 4.22.1.1 or later, which fixes the issue.",
"id": "GHSA-6777-p72p-347g",
"modified": "2026-08-21T21:31:48Z",
"published": "2026-08-21T09:32:06Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-66797"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.apache.org/thread/g6cwddtjrwbh1d56wjz4cfp3fzfm4kbc"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-6788-QH53-HHPR
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-08-18 21:32 – Updated: 2026-08-18 21:32Vulnerability in the Oracle Hyperion Infrastructure Technology product of Oracle Hyperion (component: Installation and Configuration). The supported version that is affected is 11.2.25.0.000. Difficult to exploit vulnerability allows unauthenticated attacker with access to the physical communication segment attached to the hardware where the Oracle Hyperion Infrastructure Technology executes to compromise Oracle Hyperion Infrastructure Technology. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in takeover of Oracle Hyperion Infrastructure Technology. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 7.5 (Confidentiality, Integrity and Availability impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-62545"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-08-18T21:17:07Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Vulnerability in the Oracle Hyperion Infrastructure Technology product of Oracle Hyperion (component: Installation and Configuration). The supported version that is affected is 11.2.25.0.000. Difficult to exploit vulnerability allows unauthenticated attacker with access to the physical communication segment attached to the hardware where the Oracle Hyperion Infrastructure Technology executes to compromise Oracle Hyperion Infrastructure Technology. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in takeover of Oracle Hyperion Infrastructure Technology. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 7.5 (Confidentiality, Integrity and Availability impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).",
"id": "GHSA-6788-qh53-hhpr",
"modified": "2026-08-18T21:32:26Z",
"published": "2026-08-18T21:32:26Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-62545"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cspuaug2026.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-6796-376H-W553
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-06-17 18:35 – Updated: 2026-06-17 18:35Vulnerability in the Oracle Unified Directory product of Oracle Fusion Middleware (component: OUD Core). Supported versions that are affected are 12.2.1.4.0 and 14.1.2.1.0. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows unauthenticated attacker with network access via LDAP to compromise Oracle Unified Directory. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in takeover of Oracle Unified Directory. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 9.8 (Confidentiality, Integrity and Availability impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-46773"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-06-17T10:53:54Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "Vulnerability in the Oracle Unified Directory product of Oracle Fusion Middleware (component: OUD Core). Supported versions that are affected are 12.2.1.4.0 and 14.1.2.1.0. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows unauthenticated attacker with network access via LDAP to compromise Oracle Unified Directory. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in takeover of Oracle Unified Directory. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 9.8 (Confidentiality, Integrity and Availability impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).",
"id": "GHSA-6796-376h-w553",
"modified": "2026-06-17T18:35:27Z",
"published": "2026-06-17T18:35:27Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-46773"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cspujun2026.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-67C4-FG22-GGFH
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-06-17 18:35 – Updated: 2026-06-17 18:35Vulnerability in the Oracle Property Manager product of Oracle E-Business Suite (component: Internal Operations). Supported versions that are affected are 12.2.3-12.2.15. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows high privileged attacker with network access via HTTP to compromise Oracle Property Manager. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in takeover of Oracle Property Manager. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 7.2 (Confidentiality, Integrity and Availability impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-46956"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-06-17T10:54:14Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Vulnerability in the Oracle Property Manager product of Oracle E-Business Suite (component: Internal Operations). Supported versions that are affected are 12.2.3-12.2.15. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows high privileged attacker with network access via HTTP to compromise Oracle Property Manager. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in takeover of Oracle Property Manager. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 7.2 (Confidentiality, Integrity and Availability impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).",
"id": "GHSA-67c4-fg22-ggfh",
"modified": "2026-06-17T18:35:39Z",
"published": "2026-06-17T18:35:39Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-46956"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cspujun2026.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation MIT-1
Very carefully manage the setting, management, and handling of privileges. Explicitly manage trust zones in the software.
Mitigation MIT-46
Strategy: Separation of Privilege
- Compartmentalize the system to have "safe" areas where trust boundaries can be unambiguously drawn. Do not allow sensitive data to go outside of the trust boundary and always be careful when interfacing with a compartment outside of the safe area.
- Ensure that appropriate compartmentalization is built into the system design, and the compartmentalization allows for and reinforces privilege separation functionality. Architects and designers should rely on the principle of least privilege to decide the appropriate time to use privileges and the time to drop privileges.
CAPEC-19: Embedding Scripts within Scripts
An adversary leverages the capability to execute their own script by embedding it within other scripts that the target software is likely to execute due to programs' vulnerabilities that are brought on by allowing remote hosts to execute scripts.
CAPEC-441: Malicious Logic Insertion
An adversary installs or adds malicious logic (also known as malware) into a seemingly benign component of a fielded system. This logic is often hidden from the user of the system and works behind the scenes to achieve negative impacts. With the proliferation of mass digital storage and inexpensive multimedia devices, Bluetooth and 802.11 support, new attack vectors for spreading malware are emerging for things we once thought of as innocuous greeting cards, picture frames, or digital projectors. This pattern of attack focuses on systems already fielded and used in operation as opposed to systems and their components that are still under development and part of the supply chain.
CAPEC-478: Modification of Windows Service Configuration
An adversary exploits a weakness in access control to modify the execution parameters of a Windows service. The goal of this attack is to execute a malicious binary in place of an existing service.
CAPEC-479: Malicious Root Certificate
An adversary exploits a weakness in authorization and installs a new root certificate on a compromised system. Certificates are commonly used for establishing secure TLS/SSL communications within a web browser. When a user attempts to browse a website that presents a certificate that is not trusted an error message will be displayed to warn the user of the security risk. Depending on the security settings, the browser may not allow the user to establish a connection to the website. Adversaries have used this technique to avoid security warnings prompting users when compromised systems connect over HTTPS to adversary controlled web servers that spoof legitimate websites in order to collect login credentials.
CAPEC-502: Intent Spoof
An adversary, through a previously installed malicious application, issues an intent directed toward a specific trusted application's component in an attempt to achieve a variety of different objectives including modification of data, information disclosure, and data injection. Components that have been unintentionally exported and made public are subject to this type of an attack. If the component trusts the intent's action without verififcation, then the target application performs the functionality at the adversary's request, helping the adversary achieve the desired negative technical impact.
CAPEC-503: WebView Exposure
An adversary, through a malicious web page, accesses application specific functionality by leveraging interfaces registered through WebView's addJavascriptInterface API. Once an interface is registered to WebView through addJavascriptInterface, it becomes global and all pages loaded in the WebView can call this interface.
CAPEC-536: Data Injected During Configuration
An attacker with access to data files and processes on a victim's system injects malicious data into critical operational data during configuration or recalibration, causing the victim's system to perform in a suboptimal manner that benefits the adversary.
CAPEC-546: Incomplete Data Deletion in a Multi-Tenant Environment
An adversary obtains unauthorized information due to insecure or incomplete data deletion in a multi-tenant environment. If a cloud provider fails to completely delete storage and data from former cloud tenants' systems/resources, once these resources are allocated to new, potentially malicious tenants, the latter can probe the provided resources for sensitive information still there.
CAPEC-550: Install New Service
When an operating system starts, it also starts programs called services or daemons. Adversaries may install a new service which will be executed at startup (on a Windows system, by modifying the registry). The service name may be disguised by using a name from a related operating system or benign software. Services are usually run with elevated privileges.
CAPEC-551: Modify Existing Service
When an operating system starts, it also starts programs called services or daemons. Modifying existing services may break existing services or may enable services that are disabled/not commonly used.
CAPEC-552: Install Rootkit
An adversary exploits a weakness in authentication to install malware that alters the functionality and information provide by targeted operating system API calls. Often referred to as rootkits, it is often used to hide the presence of programs, files, network connections, services, drivers, and other system components.
CAPEC-556: Replace File Extension Handlers
When a file is opened, its file handler is checked to determine which program opens the file. File handlers are configuration properties of many operating systems. Applications can modify the file handler for a given file extension to call an arbitrary program when a file with the given extension is opened.
CAPEC-558: Replace Trusted Executable
An adversary exploits weaknesses in privilege management or access control to replace a trusted executable with a malicious version and enable the execution of malware when that trusted executable is called.
CAPEC-562: Modify Shared File
An adversary manipulates the files in a shared location by adding malicious programs, scripts, or exploit code to valid content. Once a user opens the shared content, the tainted content is executed.
CAPEC-563: Add Malicious File to Shared Webroot
An adversaries may add malicious content to a website through the open file share and then browse to that content with a web browser to cause the server to execute the content. The malicious content will typically run under the context and permissions of the web server process, often resulting in local system or administrative privileges depending on how the web server is configured.
CAPEC-564: Run Software at Logon
Operating system allows logon scripts to be run whenever a specific user or users logon to a system. If adversaries can access these scripts, they may insert additional code into the logon script. This code can allow them to maintain persistence or move laterally within an enclave because it is executed every time the affected user or users logon to a computer. Modifying logon scripts can effectively bypass workstation and enclave firewalls. Depending on the access configuration of the logon scripts, either local credentials or a remote administrative account may be necessary.
CAPEC-578: Disable Security Software
An adversary exploits a weakness in access control to disable security tools so that detection does not occur. This can take the form of killing processes, deleting registry keys so that tools do not start at run time, deleting log files, or other methods.