CWE-284
DiscouragedImproper Access Control
Abstraction: Pillar · Status: Incomplete
The product does not restrict or incorrectly restricts access to a resource from an unauthorized actor.
8706 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-86V4-5HV3-JFF7
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-12-11 18:30 – Updated: 2025-12-11 18:30Improper access control in Windows Admin Center allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-64669"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-12-11T18:16:24Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Improper access control in Windows Admin Center allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.",
"id": "GHSA-86v4-5hv3-jff7",
"modified": "2025-12-11T18:30:46Z",
"published": "2025-12-11T18:30:46Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-64669"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2025-64669"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-86VQ-CCWF-RM62
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-02-27 18:35 – Updated: 2026-03-19 16:13Description
A vulnerability has been identified in Umbraco Engage where certain API endpoints are exposed without enforcing authentication or authorization checks. The affected endpoints can be accessed directly over the network without requiring a valid session or user credentials. By supplying a user-controlled identifier parameter (e.g., ?id=), an attacker can retrieve sensitive data associated with arbitrary records.
Because no access control validation is performed, the endpoints are vulnerable to enumeration attacks, allowing attackers to iterate over identifiers and extract data at scale.
Impact
An unauthenticated attacker can retrieve sensitive Engage-related data by directly querying the affected API endpoints. The vulnerability allows arbitrary record access through predictable or enumerable identifiers.
The confidentiality impact is considered high. No direct integrity or availability impact has been identified.
The scope of exposed data depends on the deployment but may include analytics data, tracking data, customer-related information, or other Engage-managed content.
Patches
The vulnerability affects both v16 and v17. Patches have already been released. Users are advised to update to 16.2.1 or 17.1.1
Workarounds
Is there a way for users to fix or remediate the vulnerability without upgrading?
References
Are there any links users can visit to find out more?
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "NuGet",
"name": "Umbraco.Engage.Forms"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "16.0.0"
},
{
"fixed": "16.2.1"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "NuGet",
"name": "Umbraco.Engage.Forms"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "17.0.0"
},
{
"fixed": "17.1.1"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-27449"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284",
"CWE-306",
"CWE-639"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2026-02-27T18:35:57Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2026-02-26T22:20:47Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "### Description\nA vulnerability has been identified in Umbraco Engage where certain API endpoints are exposed without enforcing authentication or authorization checks. The affected endpoints can be accessed directly over the network without requiring a valid session or user credentials. By supplying a user-controlled identifier parameter (e.g., ?id=), an attacker can retrieve sensitive data associated with arbitrary records.\n\nBecause no access control validation is performed, the endpoints are vulnerable to enumeration attacks, allowing attackers to iterate over identifiers and extract data at scale.\n\n### Impact\nAn unauthenticated attacker can retrieve sensitive Engage-related data by directly querying the affected API endpoints. The vulnerability allows arbitrary record access through predictable or enumerable identifiers.\n\nThe confidentiality impact is considered high. No direct integrity or availability impact has been identified.\n\nThe scope of exposed data depends on the deployment but may include analytics data, tracking data, customer-related information, or other Engage-managed content.\n\n### Patches\nThe vulnerability affects both v16 and v17. Patches have already been released. Users are advised to update to 16.2.1 or 17.1.1\n\n### Workarounds\n_Is there a way for users to fix or remediate the vulnerability without upgrading?_\n\n### References\n_Are there any links users can visit to find out more?_",
"id": "GHSA-86vq-ccwf-rm62",
"modified": "2026-03-19T16:13:28Z",
"published": "2026-02-27T18:35:57Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/umbraco/Umbraco.Engage.Issues/security/advisories/GHSA-86vq-ccwf-rm62"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-27449"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/umbraco/Umbraco.Engage.Issues"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Umbraco.Engage.Forms Allows Unauthorized Access to Multiple API Endpoints"
}
GHSA-86WX-CQQ7-836P
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-08-26 06:31 – Updated: 2025-08-26 06:31A vulnerability has been found in SourceCodester Human Resource Information System 1.0. Affected by this issue is some unknown functionality of the file /Superadmin_Dashboard/process/editemployee_process.php. Such manipulation of the argument employee_file201 leads to unrestricted upload. The attack may be launched remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-9476"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-08-26T06:15:33Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A vulnerability has been found in SourceCodester Human Resource Information System 1.0. Affected by this issue is some unknown functionality of the file /Superadmin_Dashboard/process/editemployee_process.php. Such manipulation of the argument employee_file201 leads to unrestricted upload. The attack may be launched remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used.",
"id": "GHSA-86wx-cqq7-836p",
"modified": "2025-08-26T06:31:01Z",
"published": "2025-08-26T06:31:01Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-9476"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/lrjbsyh/CVE_Hunter/issues/5"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/lrjbsyh/CVE_Hunter/issues/5#issue-3322736605"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.321345"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.321345"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?submit.634757"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.sourcecodester.com"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-8727-CVXH-WG93
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-04-09 21:31 – Updated: 2026-04-08 18:32The s2Member – Best Membership Plugin for All Kinds of Memberships, Content Restriction Paywalls & Member Access Subscriptions plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Information Exposure in all versions up to, and including, 230815 via the API. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to see the contents of those posts and pages.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-0899"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-04-09T19:15:15Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "The s2Member \u2013 Best Membership Plugin for All Kinds of Memberships, Content Restriction Paywalls \u0026 Member Access Subscriptions plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Information Exposure in all versions up to, and including, 230815 via the API. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to see the contents of those posts and pages.",
"id": "GHSA-8727-cvxh-wg93",
"modified": "2026-04-08T18:32:53Z",
"published": "2024-04-09T21:31:57Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-0899"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/changeset?sfp_email=\u0026sfph_mail=\u0026reponame=\u0026new=3051411%40s2member%2Ftrunk\u0026old=3037346%40s2member%2Ftrunk\u0026sfp_email=\u0026sfph_mail="
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/80bfb470-a3df-497f-940d-051ccaa6215b?source=cve"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-872C-CMQ4-P7WQ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-06-10 18:32 – Updated: 2025-06-10 18:32Improper access control in Windows SDK allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-47962"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-06-10T17:24:10Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Improper access control in Windows SDK allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.",
"id": "GHSA-872c-cmq4-p7wq",
"modified": "2025-06-10T18:32:31Z",
"published": "2025-06-10T18:32:31Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-47962"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2025-47962"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-872G-2H8H-362Q
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2018-10-19 16:16 – Updated: 2022-09-14 01:07The path normalization mechanism in PathResource class in Eclipse Jetty 9.3.x before 9.3.9 on Windows allows remote attackers to bypass protected resource restrictions and other security constraints via a URL with certain escaped characters, related to backslashes.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Maven",
"name": "org.eclipse.jetty:jetty-server"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "9.3.0"
},
{
"fixed": "9.3.9"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2016-4800"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2020-06-16T21:24:37Z",
"nvd_published_at": null,
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "The path normalization mechanism in PathResource class in Eclipse Jetty 9.3.x before 9.3.9 on Windows allows remote attackers to bypass protected resource restrictions and other security constraints via a URL with certain escaped characters, related to backslashes.",
"id": "GHSA-872g-2h8h-362q",
"modified": "2022-09-14T01:07:09Z",
"published": "2018-10-19T16:16:16Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2016-4800"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-872g-2h8h-362q"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20190307-0006"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpuoct2020.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://dev.eclipse.org/mhonarc/lists/jetty-announce/msg00092.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.ocert.org/advisories/ocert-2016-001.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/90945"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-16-362"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Jetty contains an alias issue that could allow unauthenticated remote code execution due to specially crafted request"
}
GHSA-8736-PR6R-R9HR
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-08-23 09:30 – Updated: 2025-10-22 00:33An improper access control vulnerability has been identified in the SonicWall SonicOS management access, potentially leading to unauthorized resource access and in specific conditions, causing the firewall to crash. This issue affects SonicWall Firewall Gen 5 and Gen 6 devices, as well as Gen 7 devices running SonicOS 7.0.1-5035 and older versions.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-40766"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-08-23T07:15:03Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "An improper access control vulnerability has been identified in the SonicWall SonicOS management access, potentially leading to unauthorized resource access and in specific conditions, causing the firewall to crash. This issue affects SonicWall Firewall Gen 5 and Gen 6 devices, as well as Gen 7 devices running SonicOS 7.0.1-5035 and older versions.",
"id": "GHSA-8736-pr6r-r9hr",
"modified": "2025-10-22T00:33:05Z",
"published": "2024-08-23T09:30:35Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-40766"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://psirt.global.sonicwall.com/vuln-detail/SNWLID-2024-0015"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2024-40766"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:N/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-873C-VMX2-MRPH
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 02:53 – Updated: 2022-05-17 02:53The certificate upload feature in iManager in NetIQ Access Manager 4.1 before 4.1.2 Hot Fix 1 and 4.2 before 4.2.2 could be used to upload JSP pages that would be executed as the iManager user, allowing code execution by logged-in remote users.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2016-5750"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2017-03-23T06:59:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "The certificate upload feature in iManager in NetIQ Access Manager 4.1 before 4.1.2 Hot Fix 1 and 4.2 before 4.2.2 could be used to upload JSP pages that would be executed as the iManager user, allowing code execution by logged-in remote users.",
"id": "GHSA-873c-vmx2-mrph",
"modified": "2022-05-17T02:53:42Z",
"published": "2022-05-17T02:53:42Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2016-5750"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.novell.com/support/kb/doc.php?id=7017807"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-8758-WXJC-XQRH
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-09-11 09:31 – Updated: 2024-04-04 07:34An issue was discovered on ARRIS TG852G, TG862G, and TG1672G devices. A remote attacker (in proximity to a Wi-Fi network) can derive the default WPA2-PSK value by observing a beacon frame.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-40039"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-09-11T07:15:08Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "An issue was discovered on ARRIS TG852G, TG862G, and TG1672G devices. A remote attacker (in proximity to a Wi-Fi network) can derive the default WPA2-PSK value by observing a beacon frame.",
"id": "GHSA-8758-wxjc-xqrh",
"modified": "2024-04-04T07:34:35Z",
"published": "2023-09-11T09:31:44Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-40039"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/actuator/cve/blob/main/Arris/CVE-2023-40039"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://i.ebayimg.com/images/g/-UcAAOSwDe1kyD-Z/s-l1600.png"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://i.ebayimg.com/images/g/4P0AAOSwdhxkrZtt/s-l1600.jpg"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-875M-W292-8MVW
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 03:19 – Updated: 2022-05-17 03:19SpringBoard in Apple iOS before 9 does not properly restrict access to privileged API calls, which allows attackers to spoof the dialog windows of an arbitrary app via a crafted app.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2015-5838"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2015-09-18T10:59:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "SpringBoard in Apple iOS before 9 does not properly restrict access to privileged API calls, which allows attackers to spoof the dialog windows of an arbitrary app via a crafted app.",
"id": "GHSA-875m-w292-8mvw",
"modified": "2022-05-17T03:19:10Z",
"published": "2022-05-17T03:19:10Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2015-5838"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/HT205212"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.apple.com/archives/security-announce/2015/Sep/msg00001.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/76764"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1033609"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
Mitigation MIT-1
Very carefully manage the setting, management, and handling of privileges. Explicitly manage trust zones in the software.
Mitigation MIT-46
Strategy: Separation of Privilege
- Compartmentalize the system to have "safe" areas where trust boundaries can be unambiguously drawn. Do not allow sensitive data to go outside of the trust boundary and always be careful when interfacing with a compartment outside of the safe area.
- Ensure that appropriate compartmentalization is built into the system design, and the compartmentalization allows for and reinforces privilege separation functionality. Architects and designers should rely on the principle of least privilege to decide the appropriate time to use privileges and the time to drop privileges.
CAPEC-19: Embedding Scripts within Scripts
An adversary leverages the capability to execute their own script by embedding it within other scripts that the target software is likely to execute due to programs' vulnerabilities that are brought on by allowing remote hosts to execute scripts.
CAPEC-441: Malicious Logic Insertion
An adversary installs or adds malicious logic (also known as malware) into a seemingly benign component of a fielded system. This logic is often hidden from the user of the system and works behind the scenes to achieve negative impacts. With the proliferation of mass digital storage and inexpensive multimedia devices, Bluetooth and 802.11 support, new attack vectors for spreading malware are emerging for things we once thought of as innocuous greeting cards, picture frames, or digital projectors. This pattern of attack focuses on systems already fielded and used in operation as opposed to systems and their components that are still under development and part of the supply chain.
CAPEC-478: Modification of Windows Service Configuration
An adversary exploits a weakness in access control to modify the execution parameters of a Windows service. The goal of this attack is to execute a malicious binary in place of an existing service.
CAPEC-479: Malicious Root Certificate
An adversary exploits a weakness in authorization and installs a new root certificate on a compromised system. Certificates are commonly used for establishing secure TLS/SSL communications within a web browser. When a user attempts to browse a website that presents a certificate that is not trusted an error message will be displayed to warn the user of the security risk. Depending on the security settings, the browser may not allow the user to establish a connection to the website. Adversaries have used this technique to avoid security warnings prompting users when compromised systems connect over HTTPS to adversary controlled web servers that spoof legitimate websites in order to collect login credentials.
CAPEC-502: Intent Spoof
An adversary, through a previously installed malicious application, issues an intent directed toward a specific trusted application's component in an attempt to achieve a variety of different objectives including modification of data, information disclosure, and data injection. Components that have been unintentionally exported and made public are subject to this type of an attack. If the component trusts the intent's action without verififcation, then the target application performs the functionality at the adversary's request, helping the adversary achieve the desired negative technical impact.
CAPEC-503: WebView Exposure
An adversary, through a malicious web page, accesses application specific functionality by leveraging interfaces registered through WebView's addJavascriptInterface API. Once an interface is registered to WebView through addJavascriptInterface, it becomes global and all pages loaded in the WebView can call this interface.
CAPEC-536: Data Injected During Configuration
An attacker with access to data files and processes on a victim's system injects malicious data into critical operational data during configuration or recalibration, causing the victim's system to perform in a suboptimal manner that benefits the adversary.
CAPEC-546: Incomplete Data Deletion in a Multi-Tenant Environment
An adversary obtains unauthorized information due to insecure or incomplete data deletion in a multi-tenant environment. If a cloud provider fails to completely delete storage and data from former cloud tenants' systems/resources, once these resources are allocated to new, potentially malicious tenants, the latter can probe the provided resources for sensitive information still there.
CAPEC-550: Install New Service
When an operating system starts, it also starts programs called services or daemons. Adversaries may install a new service which will be executed at startup (on a Windows system, by modifying the registry). The service name may be disguised by using a name from a related operating system or benign software. Services are usually run with elevated privileges.
CAPEC-551: Modify Existing Service
When an operating system starts, it also starts programs called services or daemons. Modifying existing services may break existing services or may enable services that are disabled/not commonly used.
CAPEC-552: Install Rootkit
An adversary exploits a weakness in authentication to install malware that alters the functionality and information provide by targeted operating system API calls. Often referred to as rootkits, it is often used to hide the presence of programs, files, network connections, services, drivers, and other system components.
CAPEC-556: Replace File Extension Handlers
When a file is opened, its file handler is checked to determine which program opens the file. File handlers are configuration properties of many operating systems. Applications can modify the file handler for a given file extension to call an arbitrary program when a file with the given extension is opened.
CAPEC-558: Replace Trusted Executable
An adversary exploits weaknesses in privilege management or access control to replace a trusted executable with a malicious version and enable the execution of malware when that trusted executable is called.
CAPEC-562: Modify Shared File
An adversary manipulates the files in a shared location by adding malicious programs, scripts, or exploit code to valid content. Once a user opens the shared content, the tainted content is executed.
CAPEC-563: Add Malicious File to Shared Webroot
An adversaries may add malicious content to a website through the open file share and then browse to that content with a web browser to cause the server to execute the content. The malicious content will typically run under the context and permissions of the web server process, often resulting in local system or administrative privileges depending on how the web server is configured.
CAPEC-564: Run Software at Logon
Operating system allows logon scripts to be run whenever a specific user or users logon to a system. If adversaries can access these scripts, they may insert additional code into the logon script. This code can allow them to maintain persistence or move laterally within an enclave because it is executed every time the affected user or users logon to a computer. Modifying logon scripts can effectively bypass workstation and enclave firewalls. Depending on the access configuration of the logon scripts, either local credentials or a remote administrative account may be necessary.
CAPEC-578: Disable Security Software
An adversary exploits a weakness in access control to disable security tools so that detection does not occur. This can take the form of killing processes, deleting registry keys so that tools do not start at run time, deleting log files, or other methods.