Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-284

Discouraged

Improper Access Control

Abstraction: Pillar · Status: Incomplete

The product does not restrict or incorrectly restricts access to a resource from an unauthorized actor.

10694 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

GHSA-526F-3HR4-7WMF

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-08-26 21:31 – Updated: 2026-08-26 21:31
VLAI
Details

Dell iDRAC9, 14G versions prior to 7.00.00.182 and 15G/16G versions prior to 7.20.30.50, contains an Improper Access Control vulnerability. An unauthenticated attacker with remote access could potentially exploit this vulnerability, leading to gaining access to unauthorized data.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-79940"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-284"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-08-26T19:17:19Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Dell iDRAC9, 14G versions prior to 7.00.00.182 and 15G/16G versions prior to 7.20.30.50, contains an Improper Access Control vulnerability. An unauthenticated attacker with remote access could potentially exploit this vulnerability, leading to gaining access to unauthorized data.",
  "id": "GHSA-526f-3hr4-7wmf",
  "modified": "2026-08-26T21:31:42Z",
  "published": "2026-08-26T21:31:42Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-79940"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.dell.com/support/kbdoc/en-us/000502514/dsa-2026-374-security-update-for-dell-idrac9-vulnerability"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-528C-RRJ8-7MCH

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 01:16 – Updated: 2022-05-14 01:16
VLAI
Details

WebKit in Apple iOS before 9.3.3, Safari before 9.1.2, and tvOS before 9.2.2 mishandles the location variable, which allows remote attackers to access the local filesystem via unspecified vectors.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2016-4591"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-284"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2016-07-22T02:59:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "WebKit in Apple iOS before 9.3.3, Safari before 9.1.2, and tvOS before 9.2.2 mishandles the location variable, which allows remote attackers to access the local filesystem via unspecified vectors.",
  "id": "GHSA-528c-rrj8-7mch",
  "modified": "2022-05-14T01:16:36Z",
  "published": "2022-05-14T01:16:36Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2016-4591"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://support.apple.com/HT206900"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://support.apple.com/HT206902"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://support.apple.com/HT206905"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://lists.apple.com/archives/security-announce/2016/Jul/msg00001.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://lists.apple.com/archives/security-announce/2016/Jul/msg00003.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://lists.apple.com/archives/security-announce/2016/Jul/msg00004.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/138502/WebKitGTK-SOP-Bypass-Information-Disclosure.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/archive/1/539295/100/0/threaded"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/91830"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1036343"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-528Q-7XPC-4JCV

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-03-13 18:31 – Updated: 2026-04-08 21:32
VLAI
Details

The Restrict User Access – Ultimate Membership & Content Protection plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Information Exposure in all versions up to, and including, 2.5 via API. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to obtain the contents of posts and pages via API.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-0687"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-284"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-03-13T16:15:13Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "The Restrict User Access \u2013 Ultimate Membership \u0026 Content Protection plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Information Exposure in all versions up to, and including, 2.5 via API. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to obtain the contents of posts and pages via API.",
  "id": "GHSA-528q-7xpc-4jcv",
  "modified": "2026-04-08T21:32:20Z",
  "published": "2024-03-13T18:31:32Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-0687"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/changeset?sfp_email=\u0026sfph_mail=\u0026reponame=\u0026new=3037773%40restrict-user-access%2Ftrunk\u0026old=3010745%40restrict-user-access%2Ftrunk\u0026sfp_email=\u0026sfph_mail="
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/f67684cd-3e0f-48bb-967a-16ea2b027843?source=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-529M-7V26-XFH8

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 03:40 – Updated: 2022-05-17 03:40
VLAI
Details

UltraVNC Repeater before 1300 does not restrict destination IP addresses or TCP ports, which allows remote attackers to obtain open-proxy functionality by using a :: substring in between the IP address and port number.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2016-5673"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-284"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2016-08-25T21:59:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "UltraVNC Repeater before 1300 does not restrict destination IP addresses or TCP ports, which allows remote attackers to obtain open-proxy functionality by using a :: substring in between the IP address and port number.",
  "id": "GHSA-529m-7v26-xfh8",
  "modified": "2022-05-17T03:40:28Z",
  "published": "2022-05-17T03:40:28Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2016-5673"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.kb.cert.org/vuls/id/735416"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.kb.cert.org/vuls/id/BLUU-A9WQVP"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/92348"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-52C7-G959-RGRR

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 03:00 – Updated: 2022-05-17 03:00
VLAI
Details

Vulnerability in the Oracle FLEXCUBE Investor Servicing component of Oracle Financial Services Applications (subcomponent: Infrastructure Code). Supported versions that are affected are 12.0.1, 12.0.2,12.0.4,12.1.0 and 12.3.0. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows low privileged attacker with network access via HTTP to compromise Oracle FLEXCUBE Investor Servicing. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in unauthorized creation, deletion or modification access to critical data or all Oracle FLEXCUBE Investor Servicing accessible data as well as unauthorized access to critical data or complete access to all Oracle FLEXCUBE Investor Servicing accessible data. CVSS v3.0 Base Score 8.1 (Confidentiality and Integrity impacts).

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2016-8315"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-284"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2017-01-27T22:59:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Vulnerability in the Oracle FLEXCUBE Investor Servicing component of Oracle Financial Services Applications (subcomponent: Infrastructure Code). Supported versions that are affected are 12.0.1, 12.0.2,12.0.4,12.1.0 and 12.3.0. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows low privileged attacker with network access via HTTP to compromise Oracle FLEXCUBE Investor Servicing. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in unauthorized creation, deletion or modification access to critical data or all Oracle FLEXCUBE Investor Servicing accessible data as well as unauthorized access to critical data or complete access to all Oracle FLEXCUBE Investor Servicing accessible data. CVSS v3.0 Base Score 8.1 (Confidentiality and Integrity impacts).",
  "id": "GHSA-52c7-g959-rgrr",
  "modified": "2022-05-17T03:00:33Z",
  "published": "2022-05-17T03:00:33Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2016-8315"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/security-advisory/cpujan2017-2881727.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/95496"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1037636"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-52GF-54F2-3825

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-03-18 15:30 – Updated: 2025-03-18 15:30
VLAI
Details

An improper access control vulnerability in FortiMail version 7.4.0 configured with RADIUS authentication and remote_wildcard enabled may allow a remote unauthenticated attacker to bypass admin login via a crafted HTTP request.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-47539"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-284"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-03-18T14:15:37Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "An improper access control vulnerability in FortiMail version 7.4.0 configured with RADIUS authentication and remote_wildcard enabled may allow a remote unauthenticated attacker to bypass admin login via a crafted HTTP request.",
  "id": "GHSA-52gf-54f2-3825",
  "modified": "2025-03-18T15:30:47Z",
  "published": "2025-03-18T15:30:47Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-47539"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://fortiguard.com/psirt/FG-IR-23-439"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-52H8-FMG8-32XQ

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 04:19 – Updated: 2022-05-17 04:19
VLAI
Details

BKBCopyD.exe in the Batch Management Packages in Yokogawa CENTUM CS 3000 through R3.09.50 and CENTUM VP through R4.03.00 and R5.x through R5.04.00, and Exaopc through R3.72.10, does not require authentication, which allows remote attackers to read arbitrary files via a RETR operation, write to arbitrary files via a STOR operation, or obtain sensitive database-location information via a PMODE operation, a different vulnerability than CVE-2014-0784.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2014-5208"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-284"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2014-12-22T17:59:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "BKBCopyD.exe in the Batch Management Packages in Yokogawa CENTUM CS 3000 through R3.09.50 and CENTUM VP through R4.03.00 and R5.x through R5.04.00, and Exaopc through R3.72.10, does not require authentication, which allows remote attackers to read arbitrary files via a RETR operation, write to arbitrary files via a STOR operation, or obtain sensitive database-location information via a PMODE operation, a different vulnerability than CVE-2014-0784.",
  "id": "GHSA-52h8-fmg8-32xq",
  "modified": "2022-05-17T04:19:19Z",
  "published": "2022-05-17T04:19:19Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2014-5208"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://community.rapid7.com/community/metasploit/blog/2014/08/09/r7-2014-10-disclosure-yokogawa-centum-cs3000-bkbcopydexe-file-system-access"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://ics-cert.us-cert.gov/advisories/ICSA-14-260-01A"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.yokogawa.com/dcs/security/ysar/YSAR-14-0003E.pdf"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}

GHSA-52HM-C74X-3JG7

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-09-15 21:32 – Updated: 2026-09-15 21:32
VLAI
Details

Vulnerability in the Oracle HRMS (India) product of Oracle E-Business Suite (component: Internal Operations). Supported versions that are affected are 12.2.3-12.2.15. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows low privileged attacker with network access via HTTP to compromise Oracle HRMS (India). Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in unauthorized creation, deletion or modification access to critical data or all Oracle HRMS (India) accessible data as well as unauthorized access to critical data or complete access to all Oracle HRMS (India) accessible data. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 8.1 (Confidentiality and Integrity impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N).

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-87159"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-284"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-09-15T20:19:03Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Vulnerability in the Oracle HRMS (India) product of Oracle E-Business Suite (component: Internal Operations).  Supported versions that are affected are 12.2.3-12.2.15. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows low privileged attacker with network access via HTTP to compromise Oracle HRMS (India).  Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in  unauthorized creation, deletion or modification access to critical data or all Oracle HRMS (India) accessible data as well as  unauthorized access to critical data or complete access to all Oracle HRMS (India) accessible data. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 8.1 (Confidentiality and Integrity impacts).  CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N).",
  "id": "GHSA-52hm-c74x-3jg7",
  "modified": "2026-09-15T21:32:49Z",
  "published": "2026-09-15T21:32:49Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-87159"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cspusep2026.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-52JF-362M-HJQF

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-08-18 21:32 – Updated: 2026-08-18 21:32
VLAI
Details

Vulnerability in the JD Edwards EnterpriseOne US Payroll product of Oracle JD Edwards (component: Payroll). The supported version that is affected is 9.2. Difficult to exploit vulnerability allows low privileged attacker with network access via JDENET to compromise JD Edwards EnterpriseOne US Payroll. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in takeover of JD Edwards EnterpriseOne US Payroll. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 7.5 (Confidentiality, Integrity and Availability impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-60956"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-284"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-08-18T21:16:49Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Vulnerability in the JD Edwards EnterpriseOne US Payroll product of Oracle JD Edwards (component: Payroll).   The supported version that is affected is 9.2. Difficult to exploit vulnerability allows low privileged attacker with network access via JDENET to compromise JD Edwards EnterpriseOne US Payroll.  Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in takeover of JD Edwards EnterpriseOne US Payroll. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 7.5 (Confidentiality, Integrity and Availability impacts).  CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).",
  "id": "GHSA-52jf-362m-hjqf",
  "modified": "2026-08-18T21:32:07Z",
  "published": "2026-08-18T21:32:07Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-60956"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cspuaug2026.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-52RQ-Q237-RXXG

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 03:40 – Updated: 2022-05-17 03:40
VLAI
Details

Unspecified vulnerability in the Siebel UI Framework component in Oracle Siebel CRM 16.1 allows remote authenticated users to affect confidentiality and integrity via vectors related to OpenUI.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2016-5560"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-284"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2016-10-25T14:30:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Unspecified vulnerability in the Siebel UI Framework component in Oracle Siebel CRM 16.1 allows remote authenticated users to affect confidentiality and integrity via vectors related to OpenUI.",
  "id": "GHSA-52rq-q237-rxxg",
  "modified": "2022-05-17T03:40:31Z",
  "published": "2022-05-17T03:40:31Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2016-5560"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/security-advisory/cpuoct2016-2881722.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/93760"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

Mitigation MIT-1
Architecture and Design Operation

Very carefully manage the setting, management, and handling of privileges. Explicitly manage trust zones in the software.

Mitigation MIT-46
Architecture and Design

Strategy: Separation of Privilege

  • Compartmentalize the system to have "safe" areas where trust boundaries can be unambiguously drawn. Do not allow sensitive data to go outside of the trust boundary and always be careful when interfacing with a compartment outside of the safe area.
  • Ensure that appropriate compartmentalization is built into the system design, and the compartmentalization allows for and reinforces privilege separation functionality. Architects and designers should rely on the principle of least privilege to decide the appropriate time to use privileges and the time to drop privileges.
CAPEC-19: Embedding Scripts within Scripts

An adversary leverages the capability to execute their own script by embedding it within other scripts that the target software is likely to execute due to programs' vulnerabilities that are brought on by allowing remote hosts to execute scripts.

CAPEC-441: Malicious Logic Insertion

An adversary installs or adds malicious logic (also known as malware) into a seemingly benign component of a fielded system. This logic is often hidden from the user of the system and works behind the scenes to achieve negative impacts. With the proliferation of mass digital storage and inexpensive multimedia devices, Bluetooth and 802.11 support, new attack vectors for spreading malware are emerging for things we once thought of as innocuous greeting cards, picture frames, or digital projectors. This pattern of attack focuses on systems already fielded and used in operation as opposed to systems and their components that are still under development and part of the supply chain.

CAPEC-478: Modification of Windows Service Configuration

An adversary exploits a weakness in access control to modify the execution parameters of a Windows service. The goal of this attack is to execute a malicious binary in place of an existing service.

CAPEC-479: Malicious Root Certificate

An adversary exploits a weakness in authorization and installs a new root certificate on a compromised system. Certificates are commonly used for establishing secure TLS/SSL communications within a web browser. When a user attempts to browse a website that presents a certificate that is not trusted an error message will be displayed to warn the user of the security risk. Depending on the security settings, the browser may not allow the user to establish a connection to the website. Adversaries have used this technique to avoid security warnings prompting users when compromised systems connect over HTTPS to adversary controlled web servers that spoof legitimate websites in order to collect login credentials.

CAPEC-502: Intent Spoof

An adversary, through a previously installed malicious application, issues an intent directed toward a specific trusted application's component in an attempt to achieve a variety of different objectives including modification of data, information disclosure, and data injection. Components that have been unintentionally exported and made public are subject to this type of an attack. If the component trusts the intent's action without verififcation, then the target application performs the functionality at the adversary's request, helping the adversary achieve the desired negative technical impact.

CAPEC-503: WebView Exposure

An adversary, through a malicious web page, accesses application specific functionality by leveraging interfaces registered through WebView's addJavascriptInterface API. Once an interface is registered to WebView through addJavascriptInterface, it becomes global and all pages loaded in the WebView can call this interface.

CAPEC-536: Data Injected During Configuration

An attacker with access to data files and processes on a victim's system injects malicious data into critical operational data during configuration or recalibration, causing the victim's system to perform in a suboptimal manner that benefits the adversary.

CAPEC-546: Incomplete Data Deletion in a Multi-Tenant Environment

An adversary obtains unauthorized information due to insecure or incomplete data deletion in a multi-tenant environment. If a cloud provider fails to completely delete storage and data from former cloud tenants' systems/resources, once these resources are allocated to new, potentially malicious tenants, the latter can probe the provided resources for sensitive information still there.

CAPEC-550: Install New Service

When an operating system starts, it also starts programs called services or daemons. Adversaries may install a new service which will be executed at startup (on a Windows system, by modifying the registry). The service name may be disguised by using a name from a related operating system or benign software. Services are usually run with elevated privileges.

CAPEC-551: Modify Existing Service

When an operating system starts, it also starts programs called services or daemons. Modifying existing services may break existing services or may enable services that are disabled/not commonly used.

CAPEC-552: Install Rootkit

An adversary exploits a weakness in authentication to install malware that alters the functionality and information provide by targeted operating system API calls. Often referred to as rootkits, it is often used to hide the presence of programs, files, network connections, services, drivers, and other system components.

CAPEC-556: Replace File Extension Handlers

When a file is opened, its file handler is checked to determine which program opens the file. File handlers are configuration properties of many operating systems. Applications can modify the file handler for a given file extension to call an arbitrary program when a file with the given extension is opened.

CAPEC-558: Replace Trusted Executable

An adversary exploits weaknesses in privilege management or access control to replace a trusted executable with a malicious version and enable the execution of malware when that trusted executable is called.

CAPEC-562: Modify Shared File

An adversary manipulates the files in a shared location by adding malicious programs, scripts, or exploit code to valid content. Once a user opens the shared content, the tainted content is executed.

CAPEC-563: Add Malicious File to Shared Webroot

An adversaries may add malicious content to a website through the open file share and then browse to that content with a web browser to cause the server to execute the content. The malicious content will typically run under the context and permissions of the web server process, often resulting in local system or administrative privileges depending on how the web server is configured.

CAPEC-564: Run Software at Logon

Operating system allows logon scripts to be run whenever a specific user or users logon to a system. If adversaries can access these scripts, they may insert additional code into the logon script. This code can allow them to maintain persistence or move laterally within an enclave because it is executed every time the affected user or users logon to a computer. Modifying logon scripts can effectively bypass workstation and enclave firewalls. Depending on the access configuration of the logon scripts, either local credentials or a remote administrative account may be necessary.

CAPEC-578: Disable Security Software

An adversary exploits a weakness in access control to disable security tools so that detection does not occur. This can take the form of killing processes, deleting registry keys so that tools do not start at run time, deleting log files, or other methods.