Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-276

Allowed

Incorrect Default Permissions

Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft

During installation, installed file permissions are set to allow anyone to modify those files.

2035 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

GHSA-2V9G-X366-JGMX

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-01-29 21:30 – Updated: 2026-02-03 18:30
VLAI
Details

An issue in Shirt Pocket's SuperDuper! 3.11 and earlier allow a local attacker to modify the default task template to install an arbitrary package that can run shell scripts with root privileges and Full Disk Access, thus bypassing macOS privacy controls.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-69604"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-276"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-01-29T20:16:09Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "An issue in Shirt Pocket\u0027s SuperDuper! 3.11 and earlier allow a local attacker to modify the default task template to install an arbitrary package that can run shell scripts with root privileges and Full Disk Access, thus bypassing macOS privacy controls.",
  "id": "GHSA-2v9g-x366-jgmx",
  "modified": "2026-02-03T18:30:31Z",
  "published": "2026-01-29T21:30:31Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-69604"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://shirt-pocket.com/SuperDuper/SuperDuperDescription.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.shirtpocket.com/blog/index.php/shadedgrey/comments/superduper_v312_now_available"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://shirt.com"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-2VFQ-PQ87-PH87

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-02-25 00:31 – Updated: 2025-02-25 15:34
VLAI
Details

In Public Knowledge Project (PKP) OJS, OMP, and OPS before 3.3.0.21 and 3.4.x before 3.4.0.8, an XXE attack by the Journal Editor Role can create a new role as super admin in the journal context, and insert a backdoor plugin, by uploading a crafted XML document as a User XML Plugin.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-56525"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-276"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-02-24T23:15:10Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "In Public Knowledge Project (PKP) OJS, OMP, and OPS before 3.3.0.21 and 3.4.x before 3.4.0.8, an XXE attack by the Journal Editor Role can create a new role as super admin in the journal context, and insert a backdoor plugin, by uploading a crafted XML document as a User XML Plugin.",
  "id": "GHSA-2vfq-pq87-ph87",
  "modified": "2025-02-25T15:34:35Z",
  "published": "2025-02-25T00:31:50Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-56525"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://openjournaltheme.com/user-xml-fatal-vulnerabilities-for-ojs-omp-ops-3-3-0-21-cve-2024-56525"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-2W5M-HW3J-83FQ

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 16:55 – Updated: 2024-04-04 01:54
VLAI
Details

In Limesurvey before 3.17.14, admin users can view, update, or delete reserved menu entries without proper permissions.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2019-16185"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-276"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2019-09-09T21:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "In Limesurvey before 3.17.14, admin users can view, update, or delete reserved menu entries without proper permissions.",
  "id": "GHSA-2w5m-hw3j-83fq",
  "modified": "2024-04-04T01:54:35Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T16:55:46Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-16185"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/LimeSurvey/LimeSurvey/commit/5870fd1037058bc4e43cccf893b576c72293371e#diff-d539f3f8185667ee48db78e1bf65a3b4R51"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.limesurvey.org/limesurvey-updates/2188-limesurvey-3-17-14-build-190902-released"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-2W87-6HH6-MQRJ

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-05-07 21:31 – Updated: 2024-09-07 03:30
VLAI
Details

On Windows a directory returned by tempfile.mkdtemp() would not always have permissions set to restrict reading and writing to the temporary directory by other users, instead usually inheriting the correct permissions from the default location. Alternate configurations or users without a profile directory may not have the intended permissions.

If you’re not using Windows or haven’t changed the temporary directory location then you aren’t affected by this vulnerability. On other platforms the returned directory is consistently readable and writable only by the current user.

This issue was caused by Python not supporting Unix permissions on Windows. The fix adds support for Unix “700” for the mkdir function on Windows which is used by mkdtemp() to ensure the newly created directory has the proper permissions.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-4030"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-276"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-05-07T21:15:09Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "On Windows a directory returned by tempfile.mkdtemp() would not always have permissions set to restrict reading and writing to the temporary directory by other users, instead usually inheriting the correct permissions from the default location. Alternate configurations or users without a profile directory may not have the intended permissions.\n\nIf you\u2019re not using Windows or haven\u2019t changed the temporary directory location then you aren\u2019t affected by this vulnerability. On other platforms the returned directory is consistently readable and writable only by the current user.\n\nThis issue was caused by Python not supporting Unix permissions on Windows. The fix adds support for Unix \u201c700\u201d for the mkdir function on Windows which is used by mkdtemp() to ensure the newly created directory has the proper permissions.\n",
  "id": "GHSA-2w87-6hh6-mqrj",
  "modified": "2024-09-07T03:30:42Z",
  "published": "2024-05-07T21:31:47Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-4030"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/118486"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/python/cpython/commit/35c799d79177b962ddace2fa068101465570a29a"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/python/cpython/commit/5130731c9e779b97d00a24f54cdce73ce9975dfd"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/python/cpython/commit/66f8bb76a15e64a1bb7688b177ed29e26230fdee"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/python/cpython/commit/6d0850c4c8188035643586ab4d8ec2468abd699e"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/python/cpython/commit/81939dad77001556c527485d31a2d0f4a759033e"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/python/cpython/commit/8ed546679524140d8282175411fd141fe7df070d"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/python/cpython/commit/91e3669e01245185569d09e9e6e11641282971ee"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/python/cpython/commit/94591dca510c796c7d40e9b4167ea56f2fdf28ca"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/python/cpython/commit/c8f868dc52f98011d0f9b459b6487920bfb0ac4d"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/python/cpython/commit/d86b49411753bf2c83291e3a14ae43fefded2f84"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/python/cpython/commit/e1dfa978b1ad210d551385ad8073ec6154f53763"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/python/cpython/commit/eb29e2f5905da93333d1ce78bc98b151e763ff46"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://mail.python.org/archives/list/security-announce@python.org/thread/PRGS5OR3N3PNPT4BMV2VAGN5GMUI5636"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20240705-0005"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-2WMJ-8MQG-R9Q8

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-03-07 00:30 – Updated: 2023-03-13 19:16
VLAI
Summary
Moodle has Incorrect Default Permissions
Details

In Moodle, insufficient capability checks meant message deletions were not limited to the current user.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Packagist",
        "name": "moodle/moodle"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "3.11.0-beta"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "3.11.1"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Packagist",
        "name": "moodle/moodle"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "3.10.0-beta"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "3.10.5"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Packagist",
        "name": "moodle/moodle"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "3.9.8"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2021-36397"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-276"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2023-03-08T00:20:44Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-03-06T22:15:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "In Moodle, insufficient capability checks meant message deletions were not limited to the current user.",
  "id": "GHSA-2wmj-8mqg-r9q8",
  "modified": "2023-03-13T19:16:03Z",
  "published": "2023-03-07T00:30:26Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-36397"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/moodle/moodle"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://moodle.org/mod/forum/discuss.php?d=424803"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Moodle has Incorrect Default Permissions"
}

GHSA-2X36-7XFM-PGM7

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-04-23 00:40 – Updated: 2023-12-29 20:59
VLAI
Summary
Moodle default permissions too permissive
Details

Moodle before 2.2.2 default settings allowed all repositories to be viewable by all authenticated users.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "database_specific": {
        "last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 2.2.1"
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Packagist",
        "name": "moodle/moodle"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "2.2"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "2.2.2"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "database_specific": {
        "last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 2.1.4"
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Packagist",
        "name": "moodle/moodle"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "2.1"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "2.1.5"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "database_specific": {
        "last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 2.0.7"
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Packagist",
        "name": "moodle/moodle"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "2.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "2.0.8"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Packagist",
        "name": "moodle/moodle"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "1.9.17"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2012-1157"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-276"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2023-12-29T20:59:04Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2019-11-14T17:15:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Moodle before 2.2.2 default settings allowed all repositories to be viewable by all authenticated users.\n\n",
  "id": "GHSA-2x36-7xfm-pgm7",
  "modified": "2023-12-29T20:59:04Z",
  "published": "2022-04-23T00:40:10Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2012-1157"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/moodle/moodle/commit/246c2cb8e5af71a7d7c605b8fc9f9563e0fb3bc4"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/cve-2012-1157"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=CVE-2012-1157"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/moodle/moodle"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://moodle.org/mod/forum/discuss.php?d=198624"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://security-tracker.debian.org/tracker/CVE-2012-1157"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://lists.fedoraproject.org/pipermail/package-announce/2012-April/077635.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://lists.fedoraproject.org/pipermail/package-announce/2012-April/078209.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://lists.fedoraproject.org/pipermail/package-announce/2012-April/078210.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://lists.fedoraproject.org/pipermail/package-announce/2012-May/080712.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://lists.fedoraproject.org/pipermail/package-announce/2012-May/081047.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Moodle default permissions too permissive"
}

GHSA-2X36-VR7V-9HPM

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-08-11 03:30 – Updated: 2024-04-04 06:51
VLAI
Details

Incorrect default permissions in the Intel(R) ITS sofware before version 3.1 may allow authenticated user to potentially enable escalation of privilege via local access.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-32543"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-276"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-08-11T03:15:31Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Incorrect default permissions in the Intel(R) ITS sofware before version 3.1 may allow authenticated user to potentially enable escalation of privilege via local access.",
  "id": "GHSA-2x36-vr7v-9hpm",
  "modified": "2024-04-04T06:51:33Z",
  "published": "2023-08-11T03:30:22Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-32543"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/security-center/advisory/intel-sa-00938.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-2X3V-HC5X-CGRG

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-05-06 09:31 – Updated: 2025-05-06 09:31
VLAI
Details

Permission control vulnerability in the contacts module Impact: Successful exploitation of this vulnerability may affect availability.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-46586"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-276",
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-05-06T07:15:48Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Permission control vulnerability in the contacts module\nImpact: Successful exploitation of this vulnerability may affect availability.",
  "id": "GHSA-2x3v-hc5x-cgrg",
  "modified": "2025-05-06T09:31:30Z",
  "published": "2025-05-06T09:31:30Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-46586"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://consumer.huawei.com/en/support/bulletin/2025/5"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-2X6F-57HP-86FX

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-06-23 15:32 – Updated: 2026-06-23 15:32
VLAI
Details

Nuxt 4.0.0 before 4.4.7 and 3.18.0 before 3.21.7, when running the development server (nuxt dev) on Linux, binds the vite-node IPC server to an abstract-namespace Unix socket without permission restrictions, allowing local users to enumerate and connect. Unprivileged co-resident users can exploit the unprotected module request handler to read arbitrary files such as .env and SSH keys through the SSR plugin pipeline. Production builds are unaffected, as the IPC server runs only in development.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-56301"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-276"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-06-23T13:16:45Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Nuxt 4.0.0 before 4.4.7 and 3.18.0 before 3.21.7, when running the development server (nuxt dev) on Linux, binds the vite-node IPC server to an abstract-namespace Unix socket without permission restrictions, allowing local users to enumerate and connect. Unprivileged co-resident users can exploit the unprotected module request handler to read arbitrary files such as .env and SSH keys through the SSR plugin pipeline. Production builds are unaffected, as the IPC server runs only in development.",
  "id": "GHSA-2x6f-57hp-86fx",
  "modified": "2026-06-23T15:32:36Z",
  "published": "2026-06-23T15:32:36Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/nuxt/nuxt/security/advisories/GHSA-534h-c3cw-v3h9"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-56301"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/nuxt/nuxt/commit/1f9f4767a8725104da9bee872bb8d35246f25ae5"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/nuxt/nuxt/commit/c293bf9503ccb3bc9559bff4a1f592f99063c9ea"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/nuxt-arbitrary-file-read-via-world-connectable-vite-node-ipc-socket-on-linux"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-2XJ5-Q442-C6R9

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-05-02 21:31 – Updated: 2024-04-04 03:46
VLAI
Details

In Nokia One-NDS (aka Network Directory Server) through 20.9, some Sudo permissions can be exploited by some users to escalate to root privileges and execute arbitrary commands.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2022-30759"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-276"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-05-02T21:15:09Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "In Nokia One-NDS (aka Network Directory Server) through 20.9, some Sudo permissions can be exploited by some users to escalate to root privileges and execute arbitrary commands.",
  "id": "GHSA-2xj5-q442-c6r9",
  "modified": "2024-04-04T03:46:49Z",
  "published": "2023-05-02T21:31:49Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-30759"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://packetstormsecurity.com/files/171971/Nokia-OneNDS-20.9-Insecure-Permissions-Privilege-Escalation.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.nokia.com/networks/products/one-nds"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

Mitigation MIT-1
Architecture and Design Operation

The architecture needs to access and modification attributes for files to only those users who actually require those actions.

Mitigation MIT-46
Architecture and Design

Strategy: Separation of Privilege

  • Compartmentalize the system to have "safe" areas where trust boundaries can be unambiguously drawn. Do not allow sensitive data to go outside of the trust boundary and always be careful when interfacing with a compartment outside of the safe area.
  • Ensure that appropriate compartmentalization is built into the system design, and the compartmentalization allows for and reinforces privilege separation functionality. Architects and designers should rely on the principle of least privilege to decide the appropriate time to use privileges and the time to drop privileges.
CAPEC-1: Accessing Functionality Not Properly Constrained by ACLs

In applications, particularly web applications, access to functionality is mitigated by an authorization framework. This framework maps Access Control Lists (ACLs) to elements of the application's functionality; particularly URL's for web apps. In the case that the administrator failed to specify an ACL for a particular element, an attacker may be able to access it with impunity. An attacker with the ability to access functionality not properly constrained by ACLs can obtain sensitive information and possibly compromise the entire application. Such an attacker can access resources that must be available only to users at a higher privilege level, can access management sections of the application, or can run queries for data that they otherwise not supposed to.

CAPEC-127: Directory Indexing

An adversary crafts a request to a target that results in the target listing/indexing the content of a directory as output. One common method of triggering directory contents as output is to construct a request containing a path that terminates in a directory name rather than a file name since many applications are configured to provide a list of the directory's contents when such a request is received. An adversary can use this to explore the directory tree on a target as well as learn the names of files. This can often end up revealing test files, backup files, temporary files, hidden files, configuration files, user accounts, script contents, as well as naming conventions, all of which can be used by an attacker to mount additional attacks.

CAPEC-81: Web Server Logs Tampering

Web Logs Tampering attacks involve an attacker injecting, deleting or otherwise tampering with the contents of web logs typically for the purposes of masking other malicious behavior. Additionally, writing malicious data to log files may target jobs, filters, reports, and other agents that process the logs in an asynchronous attack pattern. This pattern of attack is similar to "Log Injection-Tampering-Forging" except that in this case, the attack is targeting the logs of the web server and not the application.