Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-276

Allowed

Incorrect Default Permissions

Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft

During installation, installed file permissions are set to allow anyone to modify those files.

2035 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

GHSA-FGFR-F6V2-X92J

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-08-13 00:00 – Updated: 2022-08-14 00:00
VLAI
Details

In SettingsProvider, there is a possible way to read or change the default ringtone due to a missing permission check. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.Product: AndroidVersions: Android-13Android ID: A-222687217

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2022-20255"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-276"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2022-08-12T15:15:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "In SettingsProvider, there is a possible way to read or change the default ringtone due to a missing permission check. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.Product: AndroidVersions: Android-13Android ID: A-222687217",
  "id": "GHSA-fgfr-f6v2-x92j",
  "modified": "2022-08-14T00:00:20Z",
  "published": "2022-08-13T00:00:43Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-20255"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://source.android.com/security/bulletin/android-13"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-FGFR-MPQV-PFV7

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-01-29 00:00 – Updated: 2022-04-20 00:01
VLAI
Details

A privilege escalation vulnerability exists in the installation of Advantech DeviceOn/iEdge Server 1.0.2. A specially-crafted file can be replaced in the system to escalate privileges to NT SYSTEM authority. An attacker can provide a malicious file to trigger this vulnerability.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2021-40389"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-276"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2022-01-28T20:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "A privilege escalation vulnerability exists in the installation of Advantech DeviceOn/iEdge Server 1.0.2. A specially-crafted file can be replaced in the system to escalate privileges to NT SYSTEM authority. An attacker can provide a malicious file to trigger this vulnerability.",
  "id": "GHSA-fgfr-mpqv-pfv7",
  "modified": "2022-04-20T00:01:46Z",
  "published": "2022-01-29T00:00:43Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-40389"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_reports/TALOS-2021-1400"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-FGJM-RJ9J-X5WP

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-06-13 09:30 – Updated: 2024-04-04 04:45
VLAI
Details

An incorrect default permission [CWE-276] vulnerability in FortiClient (Windows) versions 7.0.0 through 7.0.6 and 6.4.0 through 6.4.8 and FortiConverter (Windows) versions 6.2.0 through 6.2.1, 7.0.0 and all versions of 6.0.0 may allow a local authenticated attacker to tamper with files in the installation folder, if FortiClient or FortiConverter is installed in an insecure folder.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2022-33877"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-276"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-06-13T09:15:14Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "An incorrect default permission [CWE-276] vulnerability in FortiClient (Windows) versions 7.0.0 through 7.0.6 and 6.4.0 through 6.4.8 and FortiConverter (Windows) versions 6.2.0 through 6.2.1, 7.0.0 and all versions of 6.0.0 may allow a local authenticated attacker to tamper with files in the installation folder, if FortiClient or FortiConverter is installed in an insecure folder.",
  "id": "GHSA-fgjm-rj9j-x5wp",
  "modified": "2024-04-04T04:45:16Z",
  "published": "2023-06-13T09:30:19Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-33877"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://fortiguard.com/psirt/FG-IR-22-229"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-FGRX-G5JG-56F5

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-03-17 00:00 – Updated: 2022-03-24 00:00
VLAI
Details

In getNotificationTag of LegacyVoicemailNotifier.java, there is a possible leak of ICCID due to a permissions bypass. This could lead to local information disclosure with User execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.Product: AndroidVersions: Android-10 Android-11 Android-12Android ID: A-186026746

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2021-39705"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-276"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2022-03-16T15:15:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "In getNotificationTag of LegacyVoicemailNotifier.java, there is a possible leak of ICCID due to a permissions bypass. This could lead to local information disclosure with User execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.Product: AndroidVersions: Android-10 Android-11 Android-12Android ID: A-186026746",
  "id": "GHSA-fgrx-g5jg-56f5",
  "modified": "2022-03-24T00:00:38Z",
  "published": "2022-03-17T00:00:42Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-39705"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://source.android.com/security/bulletin/2022-03-01"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-FGVV-6874-2M5Q

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:30 – Updated: 2022-05-24 17:30
VLAI
Details

In setNotification of SapServer.java, there is a possible permission bypass due to a PendingIntent error. This could lead to local information disclosure with User execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.Product: AndroidVersions: Android-8.0 Android-8.1 Android-9 Android-10 Android-11Android ID: A-156021269

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2020-0410"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-276"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2020-10-14T14:15:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "In setNotification of SapServer.java, there is a possible permission bypass due to a PendingIntent error. This could lead to local information disclosure with User execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.Product: AndroidVersions: Android-8.0 Android-8.1 Android-9 Android-10 Android-11Android ID: A-156021269",
  "id": "GHSA-fgvv-6874-2m5q",
  "modified": "2022-05-24T17:30:38Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T17:30:38Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-0410"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://source.android.com/security/bulletin/2020-10-01"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}

GHSA-FH4M-3C22-F984

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-05-15 03:30 – Updated: 2026-05-15 03:30
VLAI
Details

Incorrect default permissions in the installation directory for the AMD chipset driver could allow an attacker to achieve privilege escalation resulting in arbitrary code execution.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-0432"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-276"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-05-15T02:16:23Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Incorrect default permissions in the installation directory for the AMD chipset driver could allow an attacker to achieve privilege escalation resulting in arbitrary code execution.",
  "id": "GHSA-fh4m-3c22-f984",
  "modified": "2026-05-15T03:30:36Z",
  "published": "2026-05-15T03:30:36Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-0432"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.amd.com/en/resources/product-security/bulletin/AMD-SB-3047.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.amd.com/en/resources/product-security/bulletin/AMD-SB-4015.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-FH9W-62Q7-2HRW

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-03-08 00:30 – Updated: 2023-03-11 03:30
VLAI
Details

Inappropriate implementation in Permission prompts in Google Chrome prior to 111.0.5563.64 allowed a remote attacker to bypass navigation restrictions via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: Medium)

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-1229"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-276"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-03-07T22:15:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Inappropriate implementation in Permission prompts in Google Chrome prior to 111.0.5563.64 allowed a remote attacker to bypass navigation restrictions via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: Medium)",
  "id": "GHSA-fh9w-62q7-2hrw",
  "modified": "2023-03-11T03:30:18Z",
  "published": "2023-03-08T00:30:33Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-1229"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://chromereleases.googleblog.com/2023/03/stable-channel-update-for-desktop.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://crbug.com/1160485"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-FHG2-R2H9-H7Q8

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-11-20 12:30 – Updated: 2024-11-27 15:33
VLAI
Summary
Moodle IDOR when deleting OAuth2 linked accounts
Details

A flaw was found in Moodle. Additional checks were required to ensure users can only delete their OAuth2-linked accounts.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Packagist",
        "name": "moodle/moodle"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "4.1.13"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Packagist",
        "name": "moodle/moodle"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "4.2.0-beta"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "4.2.10"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Packagist",
        "name": "moodle/moodle"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "4.3.0-beta"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "4.3.7"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Packagist",
        "name": "moodle/moodle"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "4.4.0-beta"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "4.4.3"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-45690"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-276",
      "CWE-639"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2024-11-20T18:25:21Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-11-20T11:15:05Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "A flaw was found in Moodle. Additional checks were required to ensure users can only delete their OAuth2-linked accounts.",
  "id": "GHSA-fhg2-r2h9-h7q8",
  "modified": "2024-11-27T15:33:01Z",
  "published": "2024-11-20T12:30:35Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-45690"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/moodle/moodle/commit/809629e5afcd5be087e65668fe6cf67f2f4f5145"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2309939"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/moodle/moodle"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://moodle.org/mod/forum/discuss.php?d=461895#p1854492"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://moodle.org/security"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Moodle IDOR when deleting OAuth2 linked accounts"
}

GHSA-FHRQ-X65X-R754

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-04-12 15:37 – Updated: 2025-02-06 21:32
VLAI
Details

An Incorrect Default Permissions vulnerability in Juniper Networks Junos OS and Junos OS Evolved allows a local, low-privileged attacker to access confidential information on the system.

On all Junos OS and Junos OS Evolved platforms, when NETCONF traceoptions are configured, and a super-user performs specific actions via NETCONF, then a low-privileged user can access sensitive information compromising the confidentiality of the system. This issue affects:

Junos OS:

  • all versions before 21.2R3-S7, 

  • from 21.4 before 21.4R3-S5, 

  • from 22.1 before 22.1R3-S5, 

  • from 22.2 before 22.2R3-S3, 

  • from 22.3 before 22.3R3-S2, 

  • from 22.4 before 22.4R3, 

  • from 23.2 before 23.2R1-S2.

Junos OS Evolved: 

  • all versions before 21.2R3-S7-EVO, 

  • from 21.3 before 21.3R3-S5-EVO, 

  • from 21.4 before 21.4R3-S5-EVO, 

  • from 22.1 before 22.1R3-S5-EVO, 

  • from 22.2 before 22.2R3-S3-EVO, 

  • from 22.3 before 22.3R3-S2-EVO,

  • from 22.4 before 22.4R3-EVO, 

  • from 23.2 before 23.2R1-S2.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-21615"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-276"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-04-12T15:15:24Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "An Incorrect Default Permissions vulnerability in Juniper Networks Junos OS and Junos OS Evolved allows a local, low-privileged attacker to access confidential information on the system.\n\nOn all Junos OS and Junos OS Evolved platforms, when NETCONF traceoptions are configured, and a super-user performs specific actions via NETCONF, then a low-privileged user can access sensitive information compromising the confidentiality of the system.\nThis issue affects:\n\nJunos OS:\n\n\n\n  *  all versions before 21.2R3-S7,\u00a0\n\n  *  from 21.4 before 21.4R3-S5,\u00a0\n\n  *  from 22.1 before 22.1R3-S5,\u00a0\n\n  *  from 22.2 before 22.2R3-S3,\u00a0\n\n  *  from 22.3 before 22.3R3-S2,\u00a0\n\n  *  from 22.4 before 22.4R3,\u00a0\n\n  *  from 23.2 before 23.2R1-S2.\n\n\n\n\n\nJunos OS Evolved:\u00a0\n\n\n\n  *  all versions before 21.2R3-S7-EVO,\u00a0\n\n  *  from 21.3 before 21.3R3-S5-EVO,\u00a0\n\n  *  from 21.4 before 21.4R3-S5-EVO,\u00a0\n\n  *  from 22.1 before 22.1R3-S5-EVO,\u00a0\n\n  *  from 22.2 before 22.2R3-S3-EVO,\u00a0\n\n  *  from 22.3 before 22.3R3-S2-EVO,\n\n  *  from 22.4 before 22.4R3-EVO,\u00a0\n\n  *  from 23.2 before 23.2R1-S2.",
  "id": "GHSA-fhrq-x65x-r754",
  "modified": "2025-02-06T21:32:04Z",
  "published": "2024-04-12T15:37:22Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-21615"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://supportportal.juniper.net/JSA75756"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.first.org/cvss/calculator/4.0#CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:P/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:L/SI:N/SA:N"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:P/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:L/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-FHX5-27VM-6MQJ

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-05-26 13:30 – Updated: 2026-05-26 13:30
VLAI
Details

The affected product extracts installation files to a temporary directory with incorrect default permissions during administrative installation. A low-privileged local attacker can exploit a TOCTOU race condition with a practical time window to replace verified files with malicious ones before installation, resulting in local privilege escalation.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-44469"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-276"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-05-26T08:16:22Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "The affected product extracts installation files to a temporary directory with incorrect default permissions during administrative installation. A low-privileged local attacker can exploit a TOCTOU race condition with a practical time window to replace verified files with malicious ones before installation, resulting in local privilege escalation.",
  "id": "GHSA-fhx5-27vm-6mqj",
  "modified": "2026-05-26T13:30:55Z",
  "published": "2026-05-26T13:30:54Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-44469"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.certvde.com/en/advisories/VDE-2026-055"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

Mitigation MIT-1
Architecture and Design Operation

The architecture needs to access and modification attributes for files to only those users who actually require those actions.

Mitigation MIT-46
Architecture and Design

Strategy: Separation of Privilege

  • Compartmentalize the system to have "safe" areas where trust boundaries can be unambiguously drawn. Do not allow sensitive data to go outside of the trust boundary and always be careful when interfacing with a compartment outside of the safe area.
  • Ensure that appropriate compartmentalization is built into the system design, and the compartmentalization allows for and reinforces privilege separation functionality. Architects and designers should rely on the principle of least privilege to decide the appropriate time to use privileges and the time to drop privileges.
CAPEC-1: Accessing Functionality Not Properly Constrained by ACLs

In applications, particularly web applications, access to functionality is mitigated by an authorization framework. This framework maps Access Control Lists (ACLs) to elements of the application's functionality; particularly URL's for web apps. In the case that the administrator failed to specify an ACL for a particular element, an attacker may be able to access it with impunity. An attacker with the ability to access functionality not properly constrained by ACLs can obtain sensitive information and possibly compromise the entire application. Such an attacker can access resources that must be available only to users at a higher privilege level, can access management sections of the application, or can run queries for data that they otherwise not supposed to.

CAPEC-127: Directory Indexing

An adversary crafts a request to a target that results in the target listing/indexing the content of a directory as output. One common method of triggering directory contents as output is to construct a request containing a path that terminates in a directory name rather than a file name since many applications are configured to provide a list of the directory's contents when such a request is received. An adversary can use this to explore the directory tree on a target as well as learn the names of files. This can often end up revealing test files, backup files, temporary files, hidden files, configuration files, user accounts, script contents, as well as naming conventions, all of which can be used by an attacker to mount additional attacks.

CAPEC-81: Web Server Logs Tampering

Web Logs Tampering attacks involve an attacker injecting, deleting or otherwise tampering with the contents of web logs typically for the purposes of masking other malicious behavior. Additionally, writing malicious data to log files may target jobs, filters, reports, and other agents that process the logs in an asynchronous attack pattern. This pattern of attack is similar to "Log Injection-Tampering-Forging" except that in this case, the attack is targeting the logs of the web server and not the application.