Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-190

Allowed

Integer Overflow or Wraparound

Abstraction: Base · Status: Stable

The product performs a calculation that can produce an integer overflow or wraparound when the logic assumes that the resulting value will always be larger than the original value. This occurs when an integer value is incremented to a value that is too large to store in the associated representation. When this occurs, the value may become a very small or negative number.

3870 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

GHSA-4P44-CV6P-5GXP

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 16:47 – Updated: 2024-04-04 00:56
VLAI
Details

Fuji Electric V-Server before 6.0.33.0 is vulnerable to denial of service via a crafted UDP message sent to port 8005. An unauthenticated, remote attacker can crash vserver.exe due to an integer overflow in the UDP message handling logic.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2019-3946"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-190"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2019-06-12T15:29:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Fuji Electric V-Server before 6.0.33.0 is vulnerable to denial of service via a crafted UDP message sent to port 8005. An unauthenticated, remote attacker can crash vserver.exe due to an integer overflow in the UDP message handling logic.",
  "id": "GHSA-4p44-cv6p-5gxp",
  "modified": "2024-04-04T00:56:45Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T16:47:56Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-3946"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.tenable.com/security/research/tra-2019-27"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/108740"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-4P4M-966V-GQHF

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-01-28 18:30 – Updated: 2026-01-28 18:30
VLAI
Details

NVIDIA GPU Display Driver for Windows contains a vulnerability in the kernel mode layer (nvlddmkm.sys), where an attacker could cause an integer overflow. A successful exploit of this vulnerability might lead to code execution, escalation of privileges, data tampering, denial of service, or information disclosure.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-33218"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-190"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-01-28T18:16:48Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "NVIDIA GPU Display Driver for Windows contains a vulnerability in the kernel mode layer (nvlddmkm.sys), where an attacker could cause an integer overflow. A successful exploit of this vulnerability might lead to code execution, escalation of privileges, data tampering, denial of service, or information disclosure.",
  "id": "GHSA-4p4m-966v-gqhf",
  "modified": "2026-01-28T18:30:49Z",
  "published": "2026-01-28T18:30:48Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-33218"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://nvidia.custhelp.com/app/answers/detail/a_id/5747"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-33218"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-4PF9-63F3-43QH

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 03:13 – Updated: 2022-05-14 03:13
VLAI
Details

The mintToken function of a smart contract implementation for BiteduToken, an Ethereum token, has an integer overflow that allows the owner of the contract to set the balance of an arbitrary user to any value.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2018-13719"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-190"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2018-07-09T06:29:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "The mintToken function of a smart contract implementation for BiteduToken, an Ethereum token, has an integer overflow that allows the owner of the contract to set the balance of an arbitrary user to any value.",
  "id": "GHSA-4pf9-63f3-43qh",
  "modified": "2022-05-14T03:13:28Z",
  "published": "2022-05-14T03:13:28Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-13719"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/BlockChainsSecurity/EtherTokens/blob/master/GEMCHAIN/mint%20integer%20overflow.md"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/BlockChainsSecurity/EtherTokens/tree/master/BiteduToken"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-4PMG-PXPF-966C

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:39 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:39
VLAI
Details

The mintToken function of a smart contract implementation for Ethereum Cash Pro (ECP), an Ethereum token, has an integer overflow that allows the owner of the contract to set the balance of an arbitrary user to any value.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2018-13169"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-190"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2018-07-05T02:29:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "The mintToken function of a smart contract implementation for Ethereum Cash Pro (ECP), an Ethereum token, has an integer overflow that allows the owner of the contract to set the balance of an arbitrary user to any value.",
  "id": "GHSA-4pmg-pxpf-966c",
  "modified": "2022-05-13T01:39:39Z",
  "published": "2022-05-13T01:39:39Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-13169"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/BlockChainsSecurity/EtherTokens/blob/master/GEMCHAIN/mint%20integer%20overflow.md"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/BlockChainsSecurity/EtherTokens/tree/master/Ethereum_Cash_Pro_Coin"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-4PRX-86C8-W4W7

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 03:13 – Updated: 2022-05-14 03:13
VLAI
Details

The mintToken function of a smart contract implementation for dopnetwork, an Ethereum token, has an integer overflow that allows the owner of the contract to set the balance of an arbitrary user to any value.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2018-13739"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-190"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2018-07-09T06:29:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "The mintToken function of a smart contract implementation for dopnetwork, an Ethereum token, has an integer overflow that allows the owner of the contract to set the balance of an arbitrary user to any value.",
  "id": "GHSA-4prx-86c8-w4w7",
  "modified": "2022-05-14T03:13:27Z",
  "published": "2022-05-14T03:13:27Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-13739"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/BlockChainsSecurity/EtherTokens/blob/master/GEMCHAIN/mint%20integer%20overflow.md"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/BlockChainsSecurity/EtherTokens/tree/master/dopnetwork"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-4PVH-JRGH-MPVJ

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-06-23 18:30 – Updated: 2025-10-22 00:32
VLAI
Details

An integer overflow was addressed with improved input validation. This issue is fixed in watchOS 8.8.1, iOS 16.5.1 and iPadOS 16.5.1, iOS 15.7.7 and iPadOS 15.7.7, macOS Big Sur 11.7.8, macOS Monterey 12.6.7, macOS Ventura 13.4.1, watchOS 9.5.2. An app may be able to execute arbitrary code with kernel privileges. Apple is aware of a report that this issue may have been actively exploited against versions of iOS released before iOS 15.7.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-32434"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-190"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-06-23T18:15:13Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "An integer overflow was addressed with improved input validation. This issue is fixed in watchOS 8.8.1, iOS 16.5.1 and iPadOS 16.5.1, iOS 15.7.7 and iPadOS 15.7.7, macOS Big Sur 11.7.8, macOS Monterey 12.6.7, macOS Ventura 13.4.1, watchOS 9.5.2. An app may be able to execute arbitrary code with kernel privileges. Apple is aware of a report that this issue may have been actively exploited against versions of iOS released before iOS 15.7.",
  "id": "GHSA-4pvh-jrgh-mpvj",
  "modified": "2025-10-22T00:32:44Z",
  "published": "2023-06-23T18:30:26Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-32434"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT213808"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT213809"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT213810"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT213811"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT213812"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT213813"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT213814"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://support.apple.com/kb/HT213990"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2023-32434"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2023/Jul/10"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2023/Jul/4"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2023/Jul/5"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2023/Jul/6"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2023/Jul/7"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2023/Jul/8"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2023/Jul/9"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2023/Oct/20"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-4PX5-PMPR-CW9X

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:46 – Updated: 2025-04-20 03:31
VLAI
Details

In Wireshark 2.2.0 to 2.2.3 and 2.0.0 to 2.0.9, the ASTERIX dissector could go into an infinite loop, triggered by packet injection or a malformed capture file. This was addressed in epan/dissectors/packet-asterix.c by changing a data type to avoid an integer overflow.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2017-5596"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-190"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2017-01-25T21:59:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "In Wireshark 2.2.0 to 2.2.3 and 2.0.0 to 2.0.9, the ASTERIX dissector could go into an infinite loop, triggered by packet injection or a malformed capture file. This was addressed in epan/dissectors/packet-asterix.c by changing a data type to avoid an integer overflow.",
  "id": "GHSA-4px5-pmpr-cw9x",
  "modified": "2025-04-20T03:31:33Z",
  "published": "2022-05-13T01:46:12Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-5596"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://bugs.wireshark.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=13344"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://code.wireshark.org/review/#/c/19746"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://code.wireshark.org/review/gitweb?p=wireshark.git%3Ba=commit%3Bh=781f03580c81339513bb1238b202b72469a1240b"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://code.wireshark.org/review/gitweb?p=wireshark.git;a=commit;h=781f03580c81339513bb1238b202b72469a1240b"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.wireshark.org/security/wnpa-sec-2017-01.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.debian.org/security/2017/dsa-3811"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/95795"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1037694"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-4Q4G-CCQQ-VFQG

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:49 – Updated: 2022-05-24 17:49
VLAI
Details

An issue was discovered in klibc before 2.0.9. Multiple possible integer overflows in the cpio command on 32-bit systems may result in a buffer overflow or other security impact.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2021-31872"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-190"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2021-04-30T06:15:00Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "An issue was discovered in klibc before 2.0.9. Multiple possible integer overflows in the cpio command on 32-bit systems may result in a buffer overflow or other security impact.",
  "id": "GHSA-4q4g-ccqq-vfqg",
  "modified": "2022-05-24T17:49:19Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T17:49:19Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-31872"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/libs/klibc/klibc.git/commit/?id=9b1c91577aef7f2e72c3aa11a27749160bd278ff"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://kernel.org/pub/linux/libs/klibc/2.0"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2021/06/msg00025.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.zytor.com/archives/klibc/2021-April/004593.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2021/04/30/1"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-4Q9H-F32P-4HPQ

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 03:13 – Updated: 2022-05-14 03:13
VLAI
Details

The mintToken function of a smart contract implementation for AppleToken, an Ethereum token, has an integer overflow that allows the owner of the contract to set the balance of an arbitrary user to any value.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2018-13776"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-190"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2018-07-09T06:29:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "The mintToken function of a smart contract implementation for AppleToken, an Ethereum token, has an integer overflow that allows the owner of the contract to set the balance of an arbitrary user to any value.",
  "id": "GHSA-4q9h-f32p-4hpq",
  "modified": "2022-05-14T03:13:50Z",
  "published": "2022-05-14T03:13:50Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-13776"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/BlockChainsSecurity/EtherTokens/blob/master/GEMCHAIN/mint%20integer%20overflow.md"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/BlockChainsSecurity/EtherTokens/tree/master/AppleToken"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-4Q9H-J8G6-F49H

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-12-01 21:30 – Updated: 2025-12-01 21:30
VLAI
Details

KissFFT versions prior to the fix commit 1b083165 contain an integer overflow in kiss_fft_alloc() in kiss_fft.c on platforms where size_t is 32-bit. The nfft parameter is not validated before being used in a size calculation (sizeof(kiss_fft_cpx) * (nfft - 1)), which can wrap to a small value when nfft is large. As a result, malloc() allocates an undersized buffer and the subsequent twiddle-factor initialization loop writes nfft elements, causing a heap buffer overflow. This vulnerability only affects 32-bit architectures.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-34297"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-190"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-12-01T19:15:50Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "KissFFT versions prior to the fix commit 1b083165 contain an integer overflow in kiss_fft_alloc() in kiss_fft.c on platforms where size_t is 32-bit. The nfft parameter is not validated before being used in a size calculation (sizeof(kiss_fft_cpx) * (nfft - 1)), which can wrap to a small value when nfft is large. As a result, malloc() allocates an undersized buffer and the subsequent twiddle-factor initialization loop writes nfft elements, causing a heap buffer overflow. This vulnerability only affects 32-bit architectures.",
  "id": "GHSA-4q9h-j8g6-f49h",
  "modified": "2025-12-01T21:30:26Z",
  "published": "2025-12-01T21:30:26Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-34297"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/mborgerding/kissfft/issues/120"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/mborgerding/kissfft/commit/1b08316582049c3716154caefc0deab8758506e3"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/kissfft-integer-overflow-heap-buffer-overflow"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

Mitigation
Requirements

Ensure that all protocols are strictly defined, such that all out-of-bounds behavior can be identified simply, and require strict conformance to the protocol.

Mitigation MIT-3
Requirements

Strategy: Language Selection

  • Use a language that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
  • If possible, choose a language or compiler that performs automatic bounds checking.
Mitigation MIT-4
Architecture and Design

Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks

  • Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid [REF-1482].
  • Use libraries or frameworks that make it easier to handle numbers without unexpected consequences.
  • Examples include safe integer handling packages such as SafeInt (C++) or IntegerLib (C or C++). [REF-106]
Mitigation MIT-8
Implementation

Strategy: Input Validation

  • Perform input validation on any numeric input by ensuring that it is within the expected range. Enforce that the input meets both the minimum and maximum requirements for the expected range.
  • Use unsigned integers where possible. This makes it easier to perform validation for integer overflows. When signed integers are required, ensure that the range check includes minimum values as well as maximum values.
Mitigation MIT-36
Implementation
  • Understand the programming language's underlying representation and how it interacts with numeric calculation (CWE-681). Pay close attention to byte size discrepancies, precision, signed/unsigned distinctions, truncation, conversion and casting between types, "not-a-number" calculations, and how the language handles numbers that are too large or too small for its underlying representation. [REF-7]
  • Also be careful to account for 32-bit, 64-bit, and other potential differences that may affect the numeric representation.
Mitigation MIT-15
Architecture and Design

For any security checks that are performed on the client side, ensure that these checks are duplicated on the server side, in order to avoid CWE-602. Attackers can bypass the client-side checks by modifying values after the checks have been performed, or by changing the client to remove the client-side checks entirely. Then, these modified values would be submitted to the server.

Mitigation MIT-26
Implementation

Strategy: Compilation or Build Hardening

Examine compiler warnings closely and eliminate problems with potential security implications, such as signed / unsigned mismatch in memory operations, or use of uninitialized variables. Even if the weakness is rarely exploitable, a single failure may lead to the compromise of the entire system.

CAPEC-92: Forced Integer Overflow

This attack forces an integer variable to go out of range. The integer variable is often used as an offset such as size of memory allocation or similarly. The attacker would typically control the value of such variable and try to get it out of range. For instance the integer in question is incremented past the maximum possible value, it may wrap to become a very small, or negative number, therefore providing a very incorrect value which can lead to unexpected behavior. At worst the attacker can execute arbitrary code.