Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-184
AllowedIncomplete List of Disallowed Inputs
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product implements a protection mechanism that relies on a list of inputs (or properties of inputs) that are not allowed by policy or otherwise require other action to neutralize before additional processing takes place, but the list is incomplete.
451 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
CVE-2026-90808 (GCVE-0-2026-90808)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-14 18:00 – Updated: 2026-09-14 19:13 X_Open Source
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
HKUDS nanobot ExecTool shell.py ExecTool._spawn incomplete blacklist
Summary
A vulnerability was determined in HKUDS nanobot up to 0.2.1. Impacted is the function ExecTool._guard_command/ExecTool._spawn of the file nanobot/agent/tools/shell.py of the component ExecTool. This manipulation causes incomplete blacklist. It is possible to initiate the attack remotely. Patch name: af582246f141311d574551b7571a517bcc3df750. Applying a patch is the recommended action to fix this issue.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-14 19:12 UTC
Assigner
References
8 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://vuldb.com/vuln/403310 | vdb-entrytechnical-description |
| https://vuldb.com/vuln/403310/cti | signaturepermissions-required |
| https://vuldb.com/cve/CVE-2026-90808 | third-party-advisory |
| https://vuldb.com/submit/922849 | third-party-advisory |
| https://github.com/HKUDS/nanobot/issues/5305 | issue-tracking |
| https://github.com/HKUDS/nanobot/pull/5345 | issue-trackingpatch |
| https://github.com/HKUDS/nanobot/commit/af582246f… | patch |
| https://github.com/HKUDS/nanobot/ | product |
Impacted products
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CVE-2026-87985 (GCVE-0-2026-87985)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-11 14:26 – Updated: 2026-09-11 14:57
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Summary
An arbitrary code execution vulnerability in Mistral Vibe allows an attacker to bypass command permission checks using ANSI-C quoted arguments. These arguments are not properly inspected, enabling a crafted allowlisted command to execute arbitrary code on the user's system without approval.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-11 14:54 UTC
CWE
- CWE-184 - Incomplete list of disallowed inputs
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| mistralai | mistral-vibe |
Affected:
2.9.0 , ≤ *
(semver)
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CVE-2026-87911 (GCVE-0-2026-87911)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-09 19:35 – Updated: 2026-09-10 13:53
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Read-only enforcement bypass enabling operating system command execution in the SQL validation component of Amazon awslabs postgres-mcp-server
Summary
An OS command injection weakness in the read-only enforcement of the SQL validation component in Amazon awslabs postgres-mcp-server before 1.1.7 might allow an unauthenticated actor to execute operating system commands on the host of a self-managed PostgreSQL server by placing a crafted COPY ... TO PROGRAM statement into content that is processed when an authenticated user interacts with the MCP server in its default read-only mode.
To remediate this issue, users should upgrade to version 1.1.7 or later.
Severity
9.6 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-10 13:53 UTC
CWE
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://pypi.org/project/awslabs.postgres-mcp-ser… | patch |
| https://aws.amazon.com/security/security-bulletin… | vendor-advisory |
| https://github.com/awslabs/mcp/security/advisorie… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| AWS | AWS Labs postgres MCP Server |
Affected:
0 , < 1.1.7
(custom)
cpe:2.3:a:aws:aws_labs_postgres_mcp_server:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
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CVE-2026-86199 (GCVE-0-2026-86199)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-09 13:32 – Updated: 2026-09-09 14:17
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
PocketMine-MP before 5.43.1 Denial of Service via unauthenticated login
Summary
PocketMine-MP versions before 5.43.1 fail to properly validate the Certificate field during offline login authentication. Unauthenticated players can trigger an uninitialized property access error that crashes the server.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-09 14:16 UTC
CWE
- CWE-184 - Incomplete List of Disallowed Inputs
Assigner
References
4 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/pmmp/PocketMine-MP/security/ad… | vendor-advisory |
| https://github.com/pmmp/PocketMine-MP/commit/e4aa… | patch |
| https://github.com/pmmp/PocketMine-MP/commit/8c75… | patch |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/pocketmine-m… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| pmmp | PocketMine-MP |
Affected:
0 , < 5.43.1
(semver)
Unaffected: 5.43.1 (semver) |
Date Public
2026-05-24 00:00
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CVE-2026-85788 (GCVE-0-2026-85788)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-09 16:24 – Updated: 2026-09-09 19:00
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Incomplete list of disallowed inputs in awslabs mysql-mcp-server
Summary
Incomplete list of disallowed inputs in the mutable SQL detector component in Amazon awslabs mysql-mcp-server might allow context-dependent actors to bypass the read-only enforcement gate and reach file-read and file-write SQL sinks via SQL inline comments that the regex engine does not treat as whitespace.
To remediate this issue, users should upgrade to version 1.0.23.
Severity
5.5 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-09 18:59 UTC
CWE
- CWE-184 - Incomplete list of disallowed inputs
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://aws.amazon.com/security/security-bulletin… | vendor-advisory |
| https://github.com/awslabs/mcp/releases?page=2#re… | patch |
| https://github.com/awslabs/mcp/security/advisorie… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| AWS | AWS Labs MySQL MCP Server |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 1.0.21
(custom)
cpe:2.3:a:aws:aws_labs_mysql_mcp_server:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
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CVE-2026-85787 (GCVE-0-2026-85787)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-04 20:03 – Updated: 2026-09-08 15:53
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
An incomplete list of disallowed inputs in the SQL validation component of Amazon awslabs postgres-mcp-server
Summary
An incomplete list of disallowed inputs in the SQL validation component in Amazon awslabs postgres-mcp-server before version 1.1.7 might allow an unauthenticated actor to modify data beyond the read-only scope by placing crafted SQL into the content that is submitted when an authenticated user interacts with the MCP server.
To remediate this issue, users should upgrade to version 1.1.7 or above.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-08 15:52 UTC
CWE
- CWE-184 - Incomplete list of disallowed inputs
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://pypi.org/project/awslabs.postgres-mcp-ser… | patchrelease-notes |
| https://aws.amazon.com/security/security-bulletin… | vendor-advisory |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Amazon | postgres-mcp-server |
Affected:
0 , < 1.1.7
(custom)
cpe:2.3:a:amazon:postgres-mcp-server:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
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CVE-2026-84714 (GCVE-0-2026-84714)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-23 19:40 – Updated: 2026-10-16 11:52
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Automation-controller: automation-controller: incomplete sanitize_jinja() regex allows jinja template injection into ad-hoc module_args, machine-credential fields, and host names, reaching ansible-core templating in the execution environment
Summary
A flaw was found in the automation-controller input-validation
guard sanitize_jinja(). The function uses two regular
expressions to reject user-supplied Jinja, but the patterns
stop at the first interior '}' or '%' character, so a Jinja
expression containing an inner brace (for example an empty
dict) is accepted while remaining valid Jinja. Because
sanitize_jinja() is the sole guard on several launch-time
fields — ad-hoc command module_args, Machine-credential
username / become_method / become_user, and inventory host
names — a low-privileged user can inject Jinja that ansible-core
evaluates in the execution environment. This enables execution
of arbitrary commands in the execution environment (bypassing an
administrator's AD_HOC_COMMANDS module allowlist) and disclosure
of secrets belonging to credentials the attacker cannot read
(by templating a co-attached credential's injected environment
variables), across the credential access-control boundary.
Severity
7.1 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-24 14:30 UTC
CWE
- CWE-184 - Incomplete List of Disallowed Inputs
Assigner
References
6 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:71113 | vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:71114 | vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:71177 | vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:71179 | vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-84714 | vdb-entryx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2527198 | issue-trackingx_refsource_REDHAT |
Impacted products
5 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Ansible Automation Platform 2.5 for RHEL 8 |
Unaffected:
0:4.6.33-1.el8ap , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:ansible_automation_platform:2.5::el8 cpe:/a:redhat:ansible_automation_platform:2.5::el9 cpe:/a:redhat:ansible_automation_platform_developer:2.5::el8 cpe:/a:redhat:ansible_automation_platform_developer:2.5::el9 cpe:/a:redhat:ansible_automation_platform_inside:2.5::el8 cpe:/a:redhat:ansible_automation_platform_inside:2.5::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Ansible Automation Platform 2.5 for RHEL 9 |
Unaffected:
0:4.6.33-1.el9ap , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:ansible_automation_platform:2.5::el8 cpe:/a:redhat:ansible_automation_platform:2.5::el9 cpe:/a:redhat:ansible_automation_platform_developer:2.5::el8 cpe:/a:redhat:ansible_automation_platform_developer:2.5::el9 cpe:/a:redhat:ansible_automation_platform_inside:2.5::el8 cpe:/a:redhat:ansible_automation_platform_inside:2.5::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Ansible Automation Platform 2.6 for RHEL 9 |
Unaffected:
0:4.7.17-1.el9ap , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:ansible_automation_platform:2.6::el10 cpe:/a:redhat:ansible_automation_platform:2.6::el9 cpe:/a:redhat:ansible_automation_platform_developer:2.6::el10 cpe:/a:redhat:ansible_automation_platform_developer:2.6::el9 cpe:/a:redhat:ansible_automation_platform_inside:2.6::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Ansible Automation Platform 2.6 |
Unaffected:
1789673739 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:ansible_automation_platform:2.6::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Ansible Automation Platform 2.7 |
Unaffected:
1789580684 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:ansible_automation_platform:2.7::el9 |
Date Public
2026-09-23 00:00
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CVE-2026-84706 (GCVE-0-2026-84706)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-23 19:39 – Updated: 2026-10-16 11:52
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Automation-controller: automation-controller-container: automation-controller: credential type env-injector deny-list omits process-hijacking variables (bash_env/ld_preload) allowing code execution in the execution environment
Summary
A flaw was found in Ansible Automation Platform's automation-controller. The custom
Credential Type environment-variable injector validates variable names against a
deny-list (an ANSIBLE_* prefix check plus a fixed ENV_BLOCKLIST) that omits
process-hijacking loader variables such as BASH_ENV, ENV, LD_PRELOAD, LD_LIBRARY_PATH,
PYTHONSTARTUP and GIT_SSH_COMMAND. Combined with the credential file injector, a
privileged user can write an attacker-controlled script into the execution environment
and point BASH_ENV at it, obtaining arbitrary code execution inside the
execution-environment container for any job that attaches a credential of that type.
Severity
7.6 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-26 22:46 UTC
CWE
- CWE-184 - Incomplete List of Disallowed Inputs
Assigner
References
6 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:71113 | vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:71114 | vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:71177 | vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:71179 | vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-84706 | vdb-entryx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2527187 | issue-trackingx_refsource_REDHAT |
Impacted products
5 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Ansible Automation Platform 2.5 for RHEL 8 |
Unaffected:
0:4.6.33-1.el8ap , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:ansible_automation_platform:2.5::el8 cpe:/a:redhat:ansible_automation_platform:2.5::el9 cpe:/a:redhat:ansible_automation_platform_developer:2.5::el8 cpe:/a:redhat:ansible_automation_platform_developer:2.5::el9 cpe:/a:redhat:ansible_automation_platform_inside:2.5::el8 cpe:/a:redhat:ansible_automation_platform_inside:2.5::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Ansible Automation Platform 2.5 for RHEL 9 |
Unaffected:
0:4.6.33-1.el9ap , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:ansible_automation_platform:2.5::el8 cpe:/a:redhat:ansible_automation_platform:2.5::el9 cpe:/a:redhat:ansible_automation_platform_developer:2.5::el8 cpe:/a:redhat:ansible_automation_platform_developer:2.5::el9 cpe:/a:redhat:ansible_automation_platform_inside:2.5::el8 cpe:/a:redhat:ansible_automation_platform_inside:2.5::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Ansible Automation Platform 2.6 for RHEL 9 |
Unaffected:
0:4.7.17-1.el9ap , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:ansible_automation_platform:2.6::el10 cpe:/a:redhat:ansible_automation_platform:2.6::el9 cpe:/a:redhat:ansible_automation_platform_developer:2.6::el10 cpe:/a:redhat:ansible_automation_platform_developer:2.6::el9 cpe:/a:redhat:ansible_automation_platform_inside:2.6::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Ansible Automation Platform 2.6 |
Unaffected:
1789673739 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:ansible_automation_platform:2.6::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Ansible Automation Platform 2.7 |
Unaffected:
1789580684 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:ansible_automation_platform:2.7::el9 |
Date Public
2026-09-23 00:00
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CVE-2026-84370 (GCVE-0-2026-84370)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-01 20:47 – Updated: 2026-09-04 02:12
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
SVGO: removeScripts allows executable links through namespace and control-character bypasses
Summary
SVGO, short for SVG Optimizer, is a Node.js library and command-line application for optimizing SVG files. From version 1.0.0 until versions 2.8.4, 3.3.5, and 4.1.0, the opt-in removeScripts plugin, named removeScriptElement in versions 2 and 3, incompletely filters executable links in plugins/removeScripts.js and lib/svgo/tools.js. The plugin does not recognize namespace-prefixed SVG anchor elements such as svg:a with href or namespaced *:href values, and it does not remove ASCII tab, line-feed, or carriage-return characters before checking URL schemes. Browsers remove those characters before parsing a scheme, allowing an executable link to pass the plugin's check. When an application processes attacker-controlled SVG input and serves the result in an active browser context, a victim who activates the surviving link can execute script in the SVG's origin, expose data, modify content, or perform actions as the victim. This issue is fixed in versions 2.8.4, 3.3.5, and 4.1.0.
Severity
8.2 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-04 02:11 UTC
CWE
Assigner
References
10 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/svg/svgo/security/advisories/G… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/svg/svgo/pull/2268 | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/svg/svgo/pull/2269 | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/svg/svgo/pull/2272 | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/svg/svgo/commit/0557385564a5c6… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/svg/svgo/commit/3db3ef33e409a0… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/svg/svgo/commit/994a9f00d79dde… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/svg/svgo/releases/tag/v2.8.4 | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/svg/svgo/releases/tag/v3.3.5 | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/svg/svgo/releases/tag/v4.1.0 | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
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"value": "SVGO, short for SVG Optimizer, is a Node.js library and command-line application for optimizing SVG files. From version 1.0.0 until versions 2.8.4, 3.3.5, and 4.1.0, the opt-in removeScripts plugin, named removeScriptElement in versions 2 and 3, incompletely filters executable links in plugins/removeScripts.js and lib/svgo/tools.js. The plugin does not recognize namespace-prefixed SVG anchor elements such as svg:a with href or namespaced *:href values, and it does not remove ASCII tab, line-feed, or carriage-return characters before checking URL schemes. Browsers remove those characters before parsing a scheme, allowing an executable link to pass the plugin\u0027s check. When an application processes attacker-controlled SVG input and serves the result in an active browser context, a victim who activates the surviving link can execute script in the SVG\u0027s origin, expose data, modify content, or perform actions as the victim. This issue is fixed in versions 2.8.4, 3.3.5, and 4.1.0."
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CVE-2026-84316 (GCVE-0-2026-84316)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-12 21:05 – Updated: 2026-10-13 14:48
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Nginx UI: nginx config directive denylist (ValidateConfigFile) is bypassable via same-line ";" separation → authenticated directive injection (RCE on the official image)
Summary
Nginx UI is a web user interface for the Nginx web server. Prior to 2.4.1, config.ValidateConfigDirectives splits configuration by newline and checks only the first directive token on each line even though Nginx permits multiple semicolon-separated directives on one line. An authenticated caller can place a benign directive first and a restricted load_module, js_import, perl, or user root directive later on the same line, or can use an unrestricted include directive to load restricted content. These mechanisms bypass validation on REST, nginx_config_modify, site, and stream write paths; when an executable module is available, the injected configuration can execute code in the Nginx worker context. This issue is fixed in version 2.4.1.
Severity
8.8 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-10-13 14:48 UTC
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/0xJacky/nginx-ui/security/advi… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/0xJacky/nginx-ui/commit/23d193… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/0xJacky/nginx-ui/releases/tag/v2.4.1 | x_refsource_MISC |
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Mitigation
Implementation
Strategy: Input Validation
Do not rely exclusively on detecting disallowed inputs. There are too many variants to encode a character, especially when different environments are used, so there is a high likelihood of missing some variants. Only use detection of disallowed inputs as a mechanism for detecting suspicious activity. Ensure that you are using other protection mechanisms that only identify "good" input - such as lists of allowed inputs - and ensure that you are properly encoding your outputs.
CAPEC-120: Double Encoding
The adversary utilizes a repeating of the encoding process for a set of characters (that is, character encoding a character encoding of a character) to obfuscate the payload of a particular request. This may allow the adversary to bypass filters that attempt to detect illegal characters or strings, such as those that might be used in traversal or injection attacks. Filters may be able to catch illegal encoded strings, but may not catch doubly encoded strings. For example, a dot (.), often used in path traversal attacks and therefore often blocked by filters, could be URL encoded as %2E. However, many filters recognize this encoding and would still block the request. In a double encoding, the % in the above URL encoding would be encoded again as %25, resulting in %252E which some filters might not catch, but which could still be interpreted as a dot (.) by interpreters on the target.
CAPEC-15: Command Delimiters
An attack of this type exploits a programs' vulnerabilities that allows an attacker's commands to be concatenated onto a legitimate command with the intent of targeting other resources such as the file system or database. The system that uses a filter or denylist input validation, as opposed to allowlist validation is vulnerable to an attacker who predicts delimiters (or combinations of delimiters) not present in the filter or denylist. As with other injection attacks, the attacker uses the command delimiter payload as an entry point to tunnel through the application and activate additional attacks through SQL queries, shell commands, network scanning, and so on.
CAPEC-182: Flash Injection
An attacker tricks a victim to execute malicious flash content that executes commands or makes flash calls specified by the attacker. One example of this attack is cross-site flashing, an attacker controlled parameter to a reference call loads from content specified by the attacker.
CAPEC-3: Using Leading 'Ghost' Character Sequences to Bypass Input Filters
Some APIs will strip certain leading characters from a string of parameters. An adversary can intentionally introduce leading "ghost" characters (extra characters that don't affect the validity of the request at the API layer) that enable the input to pass the filters and therefore process the adversary's input. This occurs when the targeted API will accept input data in several syntactic forms and interpret it in the equivalent semantic way, while the filter does not take into account the full spectrum of the syntactic forms acceptable to the targeted API.
CAPEC-43: Exploiting Multiple Input Interpretation Layers
An attacker supplies the target software with input data that contains sequences of special characters designed to bypass input validation logic. This exploit relies on the target making multiples passes over the input data and processing a "layer" of special characters with each pass. In this manner, the attacker can disguise input that would otherwise be rejected as invalid by concealing it with layers of special/escape characters that are stripped off by subsequent processing steps. The goal is to first discover cases where the input validation layer executes before one or more parsing layers. That is, user input may go through the following logic in an application: <parser1> --> <input validator> --> <parser2>. In such cases, the attacker will need to provide input that will pass through the input validator, but after passing through parser2, will be converted into something that the input validator was supposed to stop.
CAPEC-6: Argument Injection
An attacker changes the behavior or state of a targeted application through injecting data or command syntax through the targets use of non-validated and non-filtered arguments of exposed services or methods.
CAPEC-71: Using Unicode Encoding to Bypass Validation Logic
An attacker may provide a Unicode string to a system component that is not Unicode aware and use that to circumvent the filter or cause the classifying mechanism to fail to properly understanding the request. That may allow the attacker to slip malicious data past the content filter and/or possibly cause the application to route the request incorrectly.
CAPEC-73: User-Controlled Filename
An attack of this type involves an adversary inserting malicious characters (such as a XSS redirection) into a filename, directly or indirectly that is then used by the target software to generate HTML text or other potentially executable content. Many websites rely on user-generated content and dynamically build resources like files, filenames, and URL links directly from user supplied data. In this attack pattern, the attacker uploads code that can execute in the client browser and/or redirect the client browser to a site that the attacker owns. All XSS attack payload variants can be used to pass and exploit these vulnerabilities.
CAPEC-85: AJAX Footprinting
This attack utilizes the frequent client-server roundtrips in Ajax conversation to scan a system. While Ajax does not open up new vulnerabilities per se, it does optimize them from an attacker point of view. A common first step for an attacker is to footprint the target environment to understand what attacks will work. Since footprinting relies on enumeration, the conversational pattern of rapid, multiple requests and responses that are typical in Ajax applications enable an attacker to look for many vulnerabilities, well-known ports, network locations and so on. The knowledge gained through Ajax fingerprinting can be used to support other attacks, such as XSS.