CWE-134
AllowedUse of Externally-Controlled Format String
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product uses a function that accepts a format string as an argument, but the format string originates from an external source.
526 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-W96V-GF22-CRWP
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-01-13 14:57 – Updated: 2026-01-13 21:40Impact
The Webhook node’s IP whitelist validation performed partial string matching instead of exact IP comparison. As a result, an incoming request could be accepted if the source IP address merely contained the configured whitelist entry as a substring.
This issue affected instances where workflow editors relied on IP-based access controls to restrict webhook access. Both IPv4 and IPv6 addresses were impacted. An attacker with a non-whitelisted IP could bypass restrictions if their IP shared a partial prefix with a trusted address, undermining the intended security boundary.
Patches
This issue has been patched in version 2.2.0.
Users are advised to upgrade to v2.2.0 or later, where IP whitelist validation uses strict IP comparison logic rather than partial string matching.
Workarounds
Users unable to upgrade immediately should avoid relying solely on IP whitelisting for webhook security. Recommended mitigations include: - Adding authentication mechanisms such as shared secrets, HMAC signatures, or API keys. - Avoiding short or prefix-based whitelist entries. - Enforcing IP filtering at the network layer (for example, via reverse proxies or firewalls).
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "n8n"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "1.36.0"
},
{
"fixed": "2.2.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-68949"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-134",
"CWE-183",
"CWE-284"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2026-01-13T14:57:12Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2026-01-13T19:16:15Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "## Impact\nThe Webhook node\u2019s IP whitelist validation performed partial string matching instead of exact IP comparison. As a result, an incoming request could be accepted if the source IP address merely contained the configured whitelist entry as a substring.\n\nThis issue affected instances where workflow editors relied on IP-based access controls to restrict webhook access. Both IPv4 and IPv6 addresses were impacted. An attacker with a non-whitelisted IP could bypass restrictions if their IP shared a partial prefix with a trusted address, undermining the intended security boundary.\n\n## Patches\nThis issue has been patched in version 2.2.0.\n\nUsers are advised to upgrade to v2.2.0 or later, where IP whitelist validation uses strict IP comparison logic rather than partial string matching.\n\n## Workarounds\nUsers unable to upgrade immediately should avoid relying solely on IP whitelisting for webhook security. Recommended mitigations include:\n- Adding authentication mechanisms such as shared secrets, HMAC signatures, or API keys.\n- Avoiding short or prefix-based whitelist entries.\n- Enforcing IP filtering at the network layer (for example, via reverse proxies or firewalls).",
"id": "GHSA-w96v-gf22-crwp",
"modified": "2026-01-13T21:40:42Z",
"published": "2026-01-13T14:57:12Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n/security/advisories/GHSA-w96v-gf22-crwp"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-68949"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n/issues/23399"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n/pull/23399"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n/commit/11f8597d4ad69ea3b58941573997fdbc4de1fec5"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "n8n: Webhook Node IP Whitelist Bypass via Partial String Matching"
}
GHSA-W9GF-W4GV-5J2Q
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-02 03:50 – Updated: 2025-04-11 03:31Multiple format string vulnerabilities in Lintian 1.23.x through 1.23.28, 1.24.x through 1.24.2.1, and 2.x before 2.3.2 allow remote attackers to have an unspecified impact via vectors involving (1) check scripts and (2) the Lintian::Schedule module.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2009-4014"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-134"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2010-02-02T16:30:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Multiple format string vulnerabilities in Lintian 1.23.x through 1.23.28, 1.24.x through 1.24.2.1, and 2.x before 2.3.2 allow remote attackers to have an unspecified impact via vectors involving (1) check scripts and (2) the Lintian::Schedule module.",
"id": "GHSA-w9gf-w4gv-5j2q",
"modified": "2025-04-11T03:31:12Z",
"published": "2022-05-02T03:50:42Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2009-4014"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://git.debian.org/?p=lintian/lintian.git%3Ba=commit%3Bh=c8d01f062b3e5137cf65196760b079a855c75e00"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://git.debian.org/?p=lintian/lintian.git%3Ba=commit%3Bh=fbe0c92b2ef7e360d13414bf40d6af5507d0c86d"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://git.debian.org/?p=lintian/lintian.git;a=commit;h=c8d01f062b3e5137cf65196760b079a855c75e00"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://git.debian.org/?p=lintian/lintian.git;a=commit;h=fbe0c92b2ef7e360d13414bf40d6af5507d0c86d"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://packages.debian.org/changelogs/pool/main/l/lintian/lintian_2.3.2/changelog"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://packages.qa.debian.org/l/lintian/news/20100128T015554Z.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/38375"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/38379"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.debian.org/security/2010/dsa-1979"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/37975"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.ubuntu.com/usn/USN-891-1"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-W9M2-V74V-FJQG
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 00:36 – Updated: 2022-05-17 00:36Format string vulnerability in MemeCode Software i.Scribe 1.88 through 2.00 before Beta9 allows remote SMTP servers to cause a denial of service (crash) and possibly execute arbitrary code via format string specifiers in a server response, which is not properly handled "when displaying the signon message."
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2008-7074"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-134"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2009-08-25T10:30:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Format string vulnerability in MemeCode Software i.Scribe 1.88 through 2.00 before Beta9 allows remote SMTP servers to cause a denial of service (crash) and possibly execute arbitrary code via format string specifiers in a server response, which is not properly handled \"when displaying the signon message.\"",
"id": "GHSA-w9m2-v74v-fjqg",
"modified": "2022-05-17T00:36:38Z",
"published": "2022-05-17T00:36:38Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2008-7074"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/46970"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/7249"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://memecode.com/site/ver.php?id=264"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://osvdb.org/50232"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/32906"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/32497"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-WC77-2Q7W-JFM4
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 00:54 – Updated: 2022-05-14 00:54UDisks 2.8.0 has a format string vulnerability in udisks_log in udiskslogging.c, allowing attackers to obtain sensitive information (stack contents), cause a denial of service (memory corruption), or possibly have unspecified other impact via a malformed filesystem label, as demonstrated by %d or %n substrings.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2018-17336"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-134"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2018-09-22T16:29:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "UDisks 2.8.0 has a format string vulnerability in udisks_log in udiskslogging.c, allowing attackers to obtain sensitive information (stack contents), cause a denial of service (memory corruption), or possibly have unspecified other impact via a malformed filesystem label, as demonstrated by %d or %n substrings.",
"id": "GHSA-wc77-2q7w-jfm4",
"modified": "2022-05-14T00:54:46Z",
"published": "2022-05-14T00:54:46Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-17336"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/storaged-project/udisks/issues/578"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2019:2178"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://usn.ubuntu.com/3772-1"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-WC9X-XR56-87QV
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 05:44 – Updated: 2022-05-17 05:44Multiple format string vulnerabilities in the phar extension in PHP 5.3 before 5.3.2 allow context-dependent attackers to obtain sensitive information (memory contents) and possibly execute arbitrary code via a crafted phar:// URI that is not properly handled by the (1) phar_stream_flush, (2) phar_wrapper_unlink, (3) phar_parse_url, or (4) phar_wrapper_open_url functions in ext/phar/stream.c; and the (5) phar_wrapper_open_dir function in ext/phar/dirstream.c, which triggers errors in the php_stream_wrapper_log_error function.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2010-2094"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-134"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2010-05-27T22:30:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Multiple format string vulnerabilities in the phar extension in PHP 5.3 before 5.3.2 allow context-dependent attackers to obtain sensitive information (memory contents) and possibly execute arbitrary code via a crafted phar:// URI that is not properly handled by the (1) phar_stream_flush, (2) phar_wrapper_unlink, (3) phar_parse_url, or (4) phar_wrapper_open_url functions in ext/phar/stream.c; and the (5) phar_wrapper_open_dir function in ext/phar/dirstream.c, which triggers errors in the php_stream_wrapper_log_error function.",
"id": "GHSA-wc9x-xr56-87qv",
"modified": "2022-05-17T05:44:05Z",
"published": "2022-05-17T05:44:05Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2010-2094"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2010-09/msg00006.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2010-10/msg00000.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://php-security.org/2010/05/14/mops-2010-024-php-phar_stream_flush-format-string-vulnerability/index.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://php-security.org/2010/05/14/mops-2010-025-php-phar_wrapper_open_dir-format-string-vulnerability/index.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://php-security.org/2010/05/14/mops-2010-026-php-phar_wrapper_unlink-format-string-vulnerability/index.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://php-security.org/2010/05/14/mops-2010-027-php-phar_parse_url-format-string-vulnerabilities/index.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://php-security.org/2010/05/14/mops-2010-028-php-phar_wrapper_open_url-format-string-vulnerabilities/index.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.mandriva.com/security/advisories?name=MDVSA-2011:004"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.vupen.com/english/advisories/2011/0068"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-WFJ9-G4PJ-C38G
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:29 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:29Format string vulnerability in libxml2 before 2.9.4 allows attackers to have unspecified impact via format string specifiers in unknown vectors.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2016-4448"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-134"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2016-06-09T16:59:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "Format string vulnerability in libxml2 before 2.9.4 allows attackers to have unspecified impact via format string specifiers in unknown vectors.",
"id": "GHSA-wfj9-g4pj-c38g",
"modified": "2022-05-13T01:29:42Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:29:42Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2016-4448"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2016:1292"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2016:2957"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2016-4448"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1338700"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.gnome.org/browse/libxml2/commit/?id=4472c3a5a5b516aaf59b89be602fbce52756c3e9"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.gnome.org/browse/libxml2/commit/?id=502f6a6d08b08c04b3ddfb1cd21b2f699c1b7f5b"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://h20566.www2.hpe.com/portal/site/hpsc/public/kb/docDisplay?docId=emr_na-c05194709"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://kc.mcafee.com/corporate/index?page=content\u0026id=SB10170"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/HT206899"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/HT206901"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/HT206902"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/HT206903"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/HT206904"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/HT206905"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.tenable.com/security/tns-2016-18"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.apple.com/archives/security-announce/2016/Jul/msg00000.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.apple.com/archives/security-announce/2016/Jul/msg00001.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.apple.com/archives/security-announce/2016/Jul/msg00002.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.apple.com/archives/security-announce/2016/Jul/msg00003.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.apple.com/archives/security-announce/2016/Jul/msg00005.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://rhn.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2016-2957.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2016/05/25/2"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/topics/security/bulletinjul2016-3090568.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/topics/security/linuxbulletinjul2016-3090544.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/topics/security/ovmbulletinjul2016-3090546.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/90856"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1036348"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.slackware.com/security/viewer.php?l=slackware-security\u0026y=2016\u0026m=slackware-security.404722"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://xmlsoft.org/news.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-WMXQ-XR6M-73W7
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-01 17:46 – Updated: 2022-05-01 17:46Format string vulnerability in the VPN daemon (vpnd) in Apple Mac OS X 10.3.9 and 10.4.9 allows local users to execute arbitrary code via the -i parameter.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2007-0753"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-134"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2007-05-24T22:30:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Format string vulnerability in the VPN daemon (vpnd) in Apple Mac OS X 10.3.9 and 10.4.9 allows local users to execute arbitrary code via the -i parameter.",
"id": "GHSA-wmxq-xr6m-73w7",
"modified": "2022-05-01T17:46:46Z",
"published": "2022-05-01T17:46:46Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2007-0753"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/34505"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://docs.info.apple.com/article.html?artnum=305530"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.apple.com/archives/security-announce/2007/May/msg00004.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/25402"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.osvdb.org/35143"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/archive/1/469882/100/0/threaded"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/archive/1/469889/100/0/threaded"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/24144"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/24208"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securitytracker.com/id?1018125"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.vupen.com/english/advisories/2007/1939"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-WP8P-P4JJ-23WC
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-12-06 18:30 – Updated: 2025-09-23 15:31A use of externally-controlled format string vulnerability has been reported to affect several QNAP operating system versions. If exploited, the vulnerability could allow remote attackers who have gained administrator access to obtain secret data or modify memory.
We have already fixed the vulnerability in the following versions: QTS 5.1.9.2954 build 20241120 and later QTS 5.2.2.2950 build 20241114 and later QuTS hero h5.1.9.2954 build 20241120 and later QuTS hero h5.2.2.2952 build 20241116 and later
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-50402"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-134"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-12-06T17:15:09Z",
"severity": "LOW"
},
"details": "A use of externally-controlled format string vulnerability has been reported to affect several QNAP operating system versions. If exploited, the vulnerability could allow remote attackers who have gained administrator access to obtain secret data or modify memory.\n\nWe have already fixed the vulnerability in the following versions:\nQTS 5.1.9.2954 build 20241120 and later\nQTS 5.2.2.2950 build 20241114 and later\nQuTS hero h5.1.9.2954 build 20241120 and later\nQuTS hero h5.2.2.2952 build 20241116 and later",
"id": "GHSA-wp8p-p4jj-23wc",
"modified": "2025-09-23T15:31:06Z",
"published": "2024-12-06T18:30:45Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-50402"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.qnap.com/en/security-advisory/qsa-24-49"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-WRGW-86PW-MVRR
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-10-25 19:00 – Updated: 2022-10-28 12:00Four format string injection vulnerabilities exist in the XCMD testWifiAP functionality of Abode Systems, Inc. iota All-In-One Security Kit 6.9X and 6.9Z. Specially-crafted configuration values can lead to memory corruption, information disclosure and denial of service. An attacker can modify a configuration value and then execute an XCMD to trigger these vulnerabilities.This vulnerability arises from format string injection via the wpapsk configuration parameter, as used within the testWifiAP XCMD handler
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-35875"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-134"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-10-25T17:15:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "Four format string injection vulnerabilities exist in the XCMD testWifiAP functionality of Abode Systems, Inc. iota All-In-One Security Kit 6.9X and 6.9Z. Specially-crafted configuration values can lead to memory corruption, information disclosure and denial of service. An attacker can modify a configuration value and then execute an XCMD to trigger these vulnerabilities.This vulnerability arises from format string injection via the `wpapsk` configuration parameter, as used within the `testWifiAP` XCMD handler",
"id": "GHSA-wrgw-86pw-mvrr",
"modified": "2022-10-28T12:00:34Z",
"published": "2022-10-25T19:00:28Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-35875"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_reports/TALOS-2022-1581"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-WVHQ-CH4H-8PWR
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:53 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:53In Ruby before 2.2.10, 2.3.x before 2.3.7, 2.4.x before 2.4.4, 2.5.x before 2.5.1, and 2.6.0-preview1, an attacker controlling the unpacking format (similar to format string vulnerabilities) can trigger a buffer under-read in the String#unpack method, resulting in a massive and controlled information disclosure.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2018-8778"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-134"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2018-04-03T22:29:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "In Ruby before 2.2.10, 2.3.x before 2.3.7, 2.4.x before 2.4.4, 2.5.x before 2.5.1, and 2.6.0-preview1, an attacker controlling the unpacking format (similar to format string vulnerabilities) can trigger a buffer under-read in the String#unpack method, resulting in a massive and controlled information disclosure.",
"id": "GHSA-wvhq-ch4h-8pwr",
"modified": "2022-05-13T01:53:48Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:53:48Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-8778"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2018:3729"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2018:3730"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2018:3731"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2019:2028"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2018/04/msg00023.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2018/04/msg00024.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2018/07/msg00012.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://usn.ubuntu.com/3626-1"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2018/dsa-4259"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.ruby-lang.org/en/news/2018/03/28/buffer-under-read-unpack-cve-2018-8778"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.ruby-lang.org/en/news/2018/03/28/ruby-2-2-10-released"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.ruby-lang.org/en/news/2018/03/28/ruby-2-3-7-released"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.ruby-lang.org/en/news/2018/03/28/ruby-2-4-4-released"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.ruby-lang.org/en/news/2018/03/28/ruby-2-5-1-released"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2019-07/msg00036.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/103693"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1042004"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation
Choose a language that is not subject to this flaw.
Mitigation
Ensure that all format string functions are passed a static string which cannot be controlled by the user, and that the proper number of arguments are always sent to that function as well. If at all possible, use functions that do not support the %n operator in format strings. [REF-116] [REF-117]
Mitigation
Run compilers and linkers with high warning levels, since they may detect incorrect usage.
CAPEC-135: Format String Injection
An adversary includes formatting characters in a string input field on the target application. Most applications assume that users will provide static text and may respond unpredictably to the presence of formatting character. For example, in certain functions of the C programming languages such as printf, the formatting character %s will print the contents of a memory location expecting this location to identify a string and the formatting character %n prints the number of DWORD written in the memory. An adversary can use this to read or write to memory locations or files, or simply to manipulate the value of the resulting text in unexpected ways. Reading or writing memory may result in program crashes and writing memory could result in the execution of arbitrary code if the adversary can write to the program stack.
CAPEC-67: String Format Overflow in syslog()
This attack targets applications and software that uses the syslog() function insecurely. If an application does not explicitely use a format string parameter in a call to syslog(), user input can be placed in the format string parameter leading to a format string injection attack. Adversaries can then inject malicious format string commands into the function call leading to a buffer overflow. There are many reported software vulnerabilities with the root cause being a misuse of the syslog() function.