CWE-129
AllowedImproper Validation of Array Index
Abstraction: Variant · Status: Draft
The product uses untrusted input when calculating or using an array index, but the product does not validate or incorrectly validates the index to ensure the index references a valid position within the array.
748 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-4P4W-JWHC-QWJQ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 00:50 – Updated: 2022-05-17 00:50Array index error in LightDM (aka Light Display Manager) 1.14.3, 1.16.x before 1.16.6 when the XDMCP server is enabled allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (process crash) via an XDMCP request packet with no address.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2015-8316"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-129"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2017-09-06T21:29:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Array index error in LightDM (aka Light Display Manager) 1.14.3, 1.16.x before 1.16.6 when the XDMCP server is enabled allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (process crash) via an XDMCP request packet with no address.",
"id": "GHSA-4p4w-jwhc-qwjq",
"modified": "2022-05-17T00:50:14Z",
"published": "2022-05-17T00:50:14Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2015-8316"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugs.launchpad.net/lightdm/+bug/1516831"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1284574"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2015/11/22/1"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-4Q4F-X5Q2-QX7M
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:40 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:40A remote code execution vulnerability in the Android media framework (libmpeg2). Product: Android. Versions: 6.0, 6.0.1, 7.0, 7.1.1, 7.1.2. Android ID: A-37203196.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2017-0716"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-129"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2017-08-09T21:29:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A remote code execution vulnerability in the Android media framework (libmpeg2). Product: Android. Versions: 6.0, 6.0.1, 7.0, 7.1.1, 7.1.2. Android ID: A-37203196.",
"id": "GHSA-4q4f-x5q2-qx7m",
"modified": "2022-05-13T01:40:32Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:40:32Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-0716"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://source.android.com/security/bulletin/2017-08-01"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/100204"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-4QP7-5RVW-5428
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-02-28 09:30 – Updated: 2024-12-06 15:31In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
kyber: fix out of bounds access when preempted
__blk_mq_sched_bio_merge() gets the ctx and hctx for the current CPU and passes the hctx to ->bio_merge(). kyber_bio_merge() then gets the ctx for the current CPU again and uses that to get the corresponding Kyber context in the passed hctx. However, the thread may be preempted between the two calls to blk_mq_get_ctx(), and the ctx returned the second time may no longer correspond to the passed hctx. This "works" accidentally most of the time, but it can cause us to read garbage if the second ctx came from an hctx with more ctx's than the first one (i.e., if ctx->index_hw[hctx->type] > hctx->nr_ctx).
This manifested as this UBSAN array index out of bounds error reported by Jakub:
UBSAN: array-index-out-of-bounds in ../kernel/locking/qspinlock.c:130:9 index 13106 is out of range for type 'long unsigned int [128]' Call Trace: dump_stack+0xa4/0xe5 ubsan_epilogue+0x5/0x40 __ubsan_handle_out_of_bounds.cold.13+0x2a/0x34 queued_spin_lock_slowpath+0x476/0x480 do_raw_spin_lock+0x1c2/0x1d0 kyber_bio_merge+0x112/0x180 blk_mq_submit_bio+0x1f5/0x1100 submit_bio_noacct+0x7b0/0x870 submit_bio+0xc2/0x3a0 btrfs_map_bio+0x4f0/0x9d0 btrfs_submit_data_bio+0x24e/0x310 submit_one_bio+0x7f/0xb0 submit_extent_page+0xc4/0x440 __extent_writepage_io+0x2b8/0x5e0 __extent_writepage+0x28d/0x6e0 extent_write_cache_pages+0x4d7/0x7a0 extent_writepages+0xa2/0x110 do_writepages+0x8f/0x180 __writeback_single_inode+0x99/0x7f0 writeback_sb_inodes+0x34e/0x790 __writeback_inodes_wb+0x9e/0x120 wb_writeback+0x4d2/0x660 wb_workfn+0x64d/0xa10 process_one_work+0x53a/0xa80 worker_thread+0x69/0x5b0 kthread+0x20b/0x240 ret_from_fork+0x1f/0x30
Only Kyber uses the hctx, so fix it by passing the request_queue to ->bio_merge() instead. BFQ and mq-deadline just use that, and Kyber can map the queues itself to avoid the mismatch.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-46984"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-129"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-02-28T09:15:37Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nkyber: fix out of bounds access when preempted\n\n__blk_mq_sched_bio_merge() gets the ctx and hctx for the current CPU and\npasses the hctx to -\u003ebio_merge(). kyber_bio_merge() then gets the ctx\nfor the current CPU again and uses that to get the corresponding Kyber\ncontext in the passed hctx. However, the thread may be preempted between\nthe two calls to blk_mq_get_ctx(), and the ctx returned the second time\nmay no longer correspond to the passed hctx. This \"works\" accidentally\nmost of the time, but it can cause us to read garbage if the second ctx\ncame from an hctx with more ctx\u0027s than the first one (i.e., if\nctx-\u003eindex_hw[hctx-\u003etype] \u003e hctx-\u003enr_ctx).\n\nThis manifested as this UBSAN array index out of bounds error reported\nby Jakub:\n\nUBSAN: array-index-out-of-bounds in ../kernel/locking/qspinlock.c:130:9\nindex 13106 is out of range for type \u0027long unsigned int [128]\u0027\nCall Trace:\n dump_stack+0xa4/0xe5\n ubsan_epilogue+0x5/0x40\n __ubsan_handle_out_of_bounds.cold.13+0x2a/0x34\n queued_spin_lock_slowpath+0x476/0x480\n do_raw_spin_lock+0x1c2/0x1d0\n kyber_bio_merge+0x112/0x180\n blk_mq_submit_bio+0x1f5/0x1100\n submit_bio_noacct+0x7b0/0x870\n submit_bio+0xc2/0x3a0\n btrfs_map_bio+0x4f0/0x9d0\n btrfs_submit_data_bio+0x24e/0x310\n submit_one_bio+0x7f/0xb0\n submit_extent_page+0xc4/0x440\n __extent_writepage_io+0x2b8/0x5e0\n __extent_writepage+0x28d/0x6e0\n extent_write_cache_pages+0x4d7/0x7a0\n extent_writepages+0xa2/0x110\n do_writepages+0x8f/0x180\n __writeback_single_inode+0x99/0x7f0\n writeback_sb_inodes+0x34e/0x790\n __writeback_inodes_wb+0x9e/0x120\n wb_writeback+0x4d2/0x660\n wb_workfn+0x64d/0xa10\n process_one_work+0x53a/0xa80\n worker_thread+0x69/0x5b0\n kthread+0x20b/0x240\n ret_from_fork+0x1f/0x30\n\nOnly Kyber uses the hctx, so fix it by passing the request_queue to\n-\u003ebio_merge() instead. BFQ and mq-deadline just use that, and Kyber can\nmap the queues itself to avoid the mismatch.",
"id": "GHSA-4qp7-5rvw-5428",
"modified": "2024-12-06T15:31:18Z",
"published": "2024-02-28T09:30:37Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-46984"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/0b6b4b90b74c27bea968c214d820ba4254b903a5"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/2ef3c76540c49167a0bc3d5f80d00fd1fc4586df"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/54dbe2d2c1fcabf650c7a8b747601da355cd7f9f"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/a287cd84e047045f5a4d4da793414e848de627c6"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/efed9a3337e341bd0989161b97453b52567bc59d"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-4RWF-MVG8-5P8W
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-03-06 09:30 – Updated: 2024-12-12 18:30In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
FS:JFS:UBSAN:array-index-out-of-bounds in dbAdjTree
Syzkaller reported the following issue:
UBSAN: array-index-out-of-bounds in fs/jfs/jfs_dmap.c:2867:6 index 196694 is out of range for type 's8[1365]' (aka 'signed char[1365]') CPU: 1 PID: 109 Comm: jfsCommit Not tainted 6.6.0-rc3-syzkaller #0 Hardware name: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 08/04/2023 Call Trace: __dump_stack lib/dump_stack.c:88 [inline] dump_stack_lvl+0x1e7/0x2d0 lib/dump_stack.c:106 ubsan_epilogue lib/ubsan.c:217 [inline] __ubsan_handle_out_of_bounds+0x11c/0x150 lib/ubsan.c:348 dbAdjTree+0x474/0x4f0 fs/jfs/jfs_dmap.c:2867 dbJoin+0x210/0x2d0 fs/jfs/jfs_dmap.c:2834 dbFreeBits+0x4eb/0xda0 fs/jfs/jfs_dmap.c:2331 dbFreeDmap fs/jfs/jfs_dmap.c:2080 [inline] dbFree+0x343/0x650 fs/jfs/jfs_dmap.c:402 txFreeMap+0x798/0xd50 fs/jfs/jfs_txnmgr.c:2534 txUpdateMap+0x342/0x9e0 txLazyCommit fs/jfs/jfs_txnmgr.c:2664 [inline] jfs_lazycommit+0x47a/0xb70 fs/jfs/jfs_txnmgr.c:2732 kthread+0x2d3/0x370 kernel/kthread.c:388 ret_from_fork+0x48/0x80 arch/x86/kernel/process.c:147 ret_from_fork_asm+0x11/0x20 arch/x86/entry/entry_64.S:304 ================================================================================ Kernel panic - not syncing: UBSAN: panic_on_warn set ... CPU: 1 PID: 109 Comm: jfsCommit Not tainted 6.6.0-rc3-syzkaller #0 Hardware name: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 08/04/2023 Call Trace: __dump_stack lib/dump_stack.c:88 [inline] dump_stack_lvl+0x1e7/0x2d0 lib/dump_stack.c:106 panic+0x30f/0x770 kernel/panic.c:340 check_panic_on_warn+0x82/0xa0 kernel/panic.c:236 ubsan_epilogue lib/ubsan.c:223 [inline] __ubsan_handle_out_of_bounds+0x13c/0x150 lib/ubsan.c:348 dbAdjTree+0x474/0x4f0 fs/jfs/jfs_dmap.c:2867 dbJoin+0x210/0x2d0 fs/jfs/jfs_dmap.c:2834 dbFreeBits+0x4eb/0xda0 fs/jfs/jfs_dmap.c:2331 dbFreeDmap fs/jfs/jfs_dmap.c:2080 [inline] dbFree+0x343/0x650 fs/jfs/jfs_dmap.c:402 txFreeMap+0x798/0xd50 fs/jfs/jfs_txnmgr.c:2534 txUpdateMap+0x342/0x9e0 txLazyCommit fs/jfs/jfs_txnmgr.c:2664 [inline] jfs_lazycommit+0x47a/0xb70 fs/jfs/jfs_txnmgr.c:2732 kthread+0x2d3/0x370 kernel/kthread.c:388 ret_from_fork+0x48/0x80 arch/x86/kernel/process.c:147 ret_from_fork_asm+0x11/0x20 arch/x86/entry/entry_64.S:304 Kernel Offset: disabled Rebooting in 86400 seconds..
The issue is caused when the value of lp becomes greater than CTLTREESIZE which is the max size of stree. Adding a simple check solves this issue.
Dave: As the function returns a void, good error handling would require a more intrusive code reorganization, so I modified Osama's patch at use WARN_ON_ONCE for lack of a cleaner option.
The patch is tested via syzbot.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-52604"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-129"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-03-06T07:15:11Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nFS:JFS:UBSAN:array-index-out-of-bounds in dbAdjTree\n\nSyzkaller reported the following issue:\n\nUBSAN: array-index-out-of-bounds in fs/jfs/jfs_dmap.c:2867:6\nindex 196694 is out of range for type \u0027s8[1365]\u0027 (aka \u0027signed char[1365]\u0027)\nCPU: 1 PID: 109 Comm: jfsCommit Not tainted 6.6.0-rc3-syzkaller #0\nHardware name: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 08/04/2023\nCall Trace:\n \u003cTASK\u003e\n __dump_stack lib/dump_stack.c:88 [inline]\n dump_stack_lvl+0x1e7/0x2d0 lib/dump_stack.c:106\n ubsan_epilogue lib/ubsan.c:217 [inline]\n __ubsan_handle_out_of_bounds+0x11c/0x150 lib/ubsan.c:348\n dbAdjTree+0x474/0x4f0 fs/jfs/jfs_dmap.c:2867\n dbJoin+0x210/0x2d0 fs/jfs/jfs_dmap.c:2834\n dbFreeBits+0x4eb/0xda0 fs/jfs/jfs_dmap.c:2331\n dbFreeDmap fs/jfs/jfs_dmap.c:2080 [inline]\n dbFree+0x343/0x650 fs/jfs/jfs_dmap.c:402\n txFreeMap+0x798/0xd50 fs/jfs/jfs_txnmgr.c:2534\n txUpdateMap+0x342/0x9e0\n txLazyCommit fs/jfs/jfs_txnmgr.c:2664 [inline]\n jfs_lazycommit+0x47a/0xb70 fs/jfs/jfs_txnmgr.c:2732\n kthread+0x2d3/0x370 kernel/kthread.c:388\n ret_from_fork+0x48/0x80 arch/x86/kernel/process.c:147\n ret_from_fork_asm+0x11/0x20 arch/x86/entry/entry_64.S:304\n \u003c/TASK\u003e\n================================================================================\nKernel panic - not syncing: UBSAN: panic_on_warn set ...\nCPU: 1 PID: 109 Comm: jfsCommit Not tainted 6.6.0-rc3-syzkaller #0\nHardware name: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 08/04/2023\nCall Trace:\n \u003cTASK\u003e\n __dump_stack lib/dump_stack.c:88 [inline]\n dump_stack_lvl+0x1e7/0x2d0 lib/dump_stack.c:106\n panic+0x30f/0x770 kernel/panic.c:340\n check_panic_on_warn+0x82/0xa0 kernel/panic.c:236\n ubsan_epilogue lib/ubsan.c:223 [inline]\n __ubsan_handle_out_of_bounds+0x13c/0x150 lib/ubsan.c:348\n dbAdjTree+0x474/0x4f0 fs/jfs/jfs_dmap.c:2867\n dbJoin+0x210/0x2d0 fs/jfs/jfs_dmap.c:2834\n dbFreeBits+0x4eb/0xda0 fs/jfs/jfs_dmap.c:2331\n dbFreeDmap fs/jfs/jfs_dmap.c:2080 [inline]\n dbFree+0x343/0x650 fs/jfs/jfs_dmap.c:402\n txFreeMap+0x798/0xd50 fs/jfs/jfs_txnmgr.c:2534\n txUpdateMap+0x342/0x9e0\n txLazyCommit fs/jfs/jfs_txnmgr.c:2664 [inline]\n jfs_lazycommit+0x47a/0xb70 fs/jfs/jfs_txnmgr.c:2732\n kthread+0x2d3/0x370 kernel/kthread.c:388\n ret_from_fork+0x48/0x80 arch/x86/kernel/process.c:147\n ret_from_fork_asm+0x11/0x20 arch/x86/entry/entry_64.S:304\n \u003c/TASK\u003e\nKernel Offset: disabled\nRebooting in 86400 seconds..\n\nThe issue is caused when the value of lp becomes greater than\nCTLTREESIZE which is the max size of stree. Adding a simple check\nsolves this issue.\n\nDave:\nAs the function returns a void, good error handling\nwould require a more intrusive code reorganization, so I modified\nOsama\u0027s patch at use WARN_ON_ONCE for lack of a cleaner option.\n\nThe patch is tested via syzbot.",
"id": "GHSA-4rwf-mvg8-5p8w",
"modified": "2024-12-12T18:30:50Z",
"published": "2024-03-06T09:30:29Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-52604"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/42f433785f108893de0dd5260bafb85d7d51db03"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/59342822276f753e49d27ef5eebffbba990572b9"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/6a44065dd604972ec1fbcccbdc4a70d266a89cdd"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/6fe8b702125aeee6ce83f20092a2341446704e7b"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/9862ec7ac1cbc6eb5ee4a045b5d5b8edbb2f7e68"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/98f9537fe61b8382b3cc5dd97347531698517c56"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/de34de6e57bbbc868e4fcf9e98c76b3587cabb0b"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e3e95c6850661c77e6dab079d9b5374a618ebb15"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2024/06/msg00017.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2024/06/msg00020.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-4RWH-4CV9-9P66
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-12-27 15:31 – Updated: 2025-11-03 21:31In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
vfio/pci: Properly hide first-in-list PCIe extended capability
There are cases where a PCIe extended capability should be hidden from the user. For example, an unknown capability (i.e., capability with ID greater than PCI_EXT_CAP_ID_MAX) or a capability that is intentionally chosen to be hidden from the user.
Hiding a capability is done by virtualizing and modifying the 'Next Capability Offset' field of the previous capability so it points to the capability after the one that should be hidden.
The special case where the first capability in the list should be hidden is handled differently because there is no previous capability that can be modified. In this case, the capability ID and version are zeroed while leaving the next pointer intact. This hides the capability and leaves an anchor for the rest of the capability list.
However, today, hiding the first capability in the list is not done properly if the capability is unknown, as struct vfio_pci_core_device->pci_config_map is set to the capability ID during initialization but the capability ID is not properly checked later when used in vfio_config_do_rw(). This leads to the following warning [1] and to an out-of-bounds access to ecap_perms array.
Fix it by checking cap_id in vfio_config_do_rw(), and if it is greater than PCI_EXT_CAP_ID_MAX, use an alternative struct perm_bits for direct read only access instead of the ecap_perms array.
Note that this is safe since the above is the only case where cap_id can exceed PCI_EXT_CAP_ID_MAX (except for the special capabilities, which are already checked before).
[1]
WARNING: CPU: 118 PID: 5329 at drivers/vfio/pci/vfio_pci_config.c:1900 vfio_pci_config_rw+0x395/0x430 [vfio_pci_core] CPU: 118 UID: 0 PID: 5329 Comm: simx-qemu-syste Not tainted 6.12.0+ #1 (snip) Call Trace: ? show_regs+0x69/0x80 ? __warn+0x8d/0x140 ? vfio_pci_config_rw+0x395/0x430 [vfio_pci_core] ? report_bug+0x18f/0x1a0 ? handle_bug+0x63/0xa0 ? exc_invalid_op+0x19/0x70 ? asm_exc_invalid_op+0x1b/0x20 ? vfio_pci_config_rw+0x395/0x430 [vfio_pci_core] ? vfio_pci_config_rw+0x244/0x430 [vfio_pci_core] vfio_pci_rw+0x101/0x1b0 [vfio_pci_core] vfio_pci_core_read+0x1d/0x30 [vfio_pci_core] vfio_device_fops_read+0x27/0x40 [vfio] vfs_read+0xbd/0x340 ? vfio_device_fops_unl_ioctl+0xbb/0x740 [vfio] ? __rseq_handle_notify_resume+0xa4/0x4b0 __x64_sys_pread64+0x96/0xc0 x64_sys_call+0x1c3d/0x20d0 do_syscall_64+0x4d/0x120 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x76/0x7e
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-53214"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-129"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-12-27T14:15:29Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nvfio/pci: Properly hide first-in-list PCIe extended capability\n\nThere are cases where a PCIe extended capability should be hidden from\nthe user. For example, an unknown capability (i.e., capability with ID\ngreater than PCI_EXT_CAP_ID_MAX) or a capability that is intentionally\nchosen to be hidden from the user.\n\nHiding a capability is done by virtualizing and modifying the \u0027Next\nCapability Offset\u0027 field of the previous capability so it points to the\ncapability after the one that should be hidden.\n\nThe special case where the first capability in the list should be hidden\nis handled differently because there is no previous capability that can\nbe modified. In this case, the capability ID and version are zeroed\nwhile leaving the next pointer intact. This hides the capability and\nleaves an anchor for the rest of the capability list.\n\nHowever, today, hiding the first capability in the list is not done\nproperly if the capability is unknown, as struct\nvfio_pci_core_device-\u003epci_config_map is set to the capability ID during\ninitialization but the capability ID is not properly checked later when\nused in vfio_config_do_rw(). This leads to the following warning [1] and\nto an out-of-bounds access to ecap_perms array.\n\nFix it by checking cap_id in vfio_config_do_rw(), and if it is greater\nthan PCI_EXT_CAP_ID_MAX, use an alternative struct perm_bits for direct\nread only access instead of the ecap_perms array.\n\nNote that this is safe since the above is the only case where cap_id can\nexceed PCI_EXT_CAP_ID_MAX (except for the special capabilities, which\nare already checked before).\n\n[1]\n\nWARNING: CPU: 118 PID: 5329 at drivers/vfio/pci/vfio_pci_config.c:1900 vfio_pci_config_rw+0x395/0x430 [vfio_pci_core]\nCPU: 118 UID: 0 PID: 5329 Comm: simx-qemu-syste Not tainted 6.12.0+ #1\n(snip)\nCall Trace:\n \u003cTASK\u003e\n ? show_regs+0x69/0x80\n ? __warn+0x8d/0x140\n ? vfio_pci_config_rw+0x395/0x430 [vfio_pci_core]\n ? report_bug+0x18f/0x1a0\n ? handle_bug+0x63/0xa0\n ? exc_invalid_op+0x19/0x70\n ? asm_exc_invalid_op+0x1b/0x20\n ? vfio_pci_config_rw+0x395/0x430 [vfio_pci_core]\n ? vfio_pci_config_rw+0x244/0x430 [vfio_pci_core]\n vfio_pci_rw+0x101/0x1b0 [vfio_pci_core]\n vfio_pci_core_read+0x1d/0x30 [vfio_pci_core]\n vfio_device_fops_read+0x27/0x40 [vfio]\n vfs_read+0xbd/0x340\n ? vfio_device_fops_unl_ioctl+0xbb/0x740 [vfio]\n ? __rseq_handle_notify_resume+0xa4/0x4b0\n __x64_sys_pread64+0x96/0xc0\n x64_sys_call+0x1c3d/0x20d0\n do_syscall_64+0x4d/0x120\n entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x76/0x7e",
"id": "GHSA-4rwh-4cv9-9p66",
"modified": "2025-11-03T21:31:49Z",
"published": "2024-12-27T15:31:52Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-53214"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/06f2fcf49854ad05a09d09e0dbee6544fff04695"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/0918f5643fc6c3f7801f4a22397d2cc09ba99207"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/1ef195178fb552478eb2587df4ad3be14ef76507"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/4464e5aa3aa4574063640f1082f7d7e323af8eb4"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/6c6502d944168cbd7e03a4a08ad6488f78d73485"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/7d121f66b67921fb3b95e0ea9856bfba53733e91"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/949bee8065a85a5c6607c624dc05b5bc17119699"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/9567bd34aa3b986736c290c5bcba47e0182ac47a"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/fe4bf8d0b6716a423b16495d55b35d3fe515905d"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/03/msg00001.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/03/msg00002.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-4VG5-HR2C-C4FQ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-09-05 09:30 – Updated: 2024-04-04 07:27Memory corruption in WLAN handler while processing PhyID in Tx status handler.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-28558"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-129",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-09-05T07:15:13Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Memory corruption in WLAN handler while processing PhyID in Tx status handler.",
"id": "GHSA-4vg5-hr2c-c4fq",
"modified": "2024-04-04T07:27:47Z",
"published": "2023-09-05T09:30:20Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-28558"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.qualcomm.com/company/product-security/bulletins/september-2023-bulletin"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-4VRR-6CP7-955W
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 02:45 – Updated: 2022-05-17 02:45All versions of the NVIDIA Windows GPU Display Driver contain a vulnerability in the kernel mode layer (nvlddmkm.sys) handler for DxgDdiEscape where user provided input used as an array size is not correctly validated allows out of bound access in kernel memory and may lead to denial of service or potential escalation of privileges
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2017-0345"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-129"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2017-05-09T21:29:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "All versions of the NVIDIA Windows GPU Display Driver contain a vulnerability in the kernel mode layer (nvlddmkm.sys) handler for DxgDdiEscape where user provided input used as an array size is not correctly validated allows out of bound access in kernel memory and may lead to denial of service or potential escalation of privileges",
"id": "GHSA-4vrr-6cp7-955w",
"modified": "2022-05-17T02:45:15Z",
"published": "2022-05-17T02:45:14Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-0345"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://nvidia.custhelp.com/app/answers/detail/a_id/4462"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-4W94-XC6R-9GRM
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-04-19 00:00 – Updated: 2022-04-24 00:00Multiple code execution vulnerabilities exists in the Nef polygon-parsing functionality of CGAL libcgal CGAL-5.1.1. A specially crafted malformed file can lead to an out-of-bounds read and type confusion, which could lead to code execution. An attacker can provide malicious input to trigger any of these vulnerabilities. An oob read vulnerability exists in Nef_S2/SNC_io_parser.h SNC_io_parser::read_vertex() vh->svertices_last().
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2020-28613"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125",
"CWE-129"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-04-18T17:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Multiple code execution vulnerabilities exists in the Nef polygon-parsing functionality of CGAL libcgal CGAL-5.1.1. A specially crafted malformed file can lead to an out-of-bounds read and type confusion, which could lead to code execution. An attacker can provide malicious input to trigger any of these vulnerabilities. An oob read vulnerability exists in Nef_S2/SNC_io_parser.h SNC_io_parser\u003cEW\u003e::read_vertex() vh-\u003esvertices_last().",
"id": "GHSA-4w94-xc6r-9grm",
"modified": "2022-04-24T00:00:32Z",
"published": "2022-04-19T00:00:54Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-28613"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2022/12/msg00011.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/202305-34"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_reports/TALOS-2020-1225"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-4W9J-M79H-8W8M
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-01-13 00:30 – Updated: 2023-01-24 18:30An Improper Validation of Array Index vulnerability in the SIP ALG of Juniper Networks Junos OS on SRX 5000 Series allows a network-based, unauthenticated attacker to cause a Denial of Service (DoS). When an attacker sends an SIP packets with a malformed SDP field then the SIP ALG can not process it which will lead to an FPC crash and restart. Continued receipt of these specific packets will lead to a sustained Denial of Service. This issue can only occur when both below mentioned conditions are fulfilled: 1. Call distribution needs to be enabled: [security alg sip enable-call-distribution] 2. The SIP ALG needs to be enabled, either implicitly / by default or by way of configuration. To confirm whether SIP ALG is enabled on SRX, and MX with SPC3 use the following command: user@host> show security alg status | match sip SIP : Enabled This issue affects Juniper Networks Junos OS on SRX 5000 Series: 20.4 versions prior to 20.4R3-S5; 21.1 versions prior to 21.1R3-S4; 21.2 versions prior to 21.2R3-S3; 21.3 versions prior to 21.3R3-S3; 21.4 versions prior to 21.4R3-S2; 22.1 versions prior to 22.1R2-S2, 22.1R3; 22.2 versions prior to 22.2R3; 22.3 versions prior to 22.3R1-S1, 22.3R2. This issue does not affect Juniper Networks Junos OS versions prior to 20.4R1.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-22408"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-129"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-01-13T00:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "An Improper Validation of Array Index vulnerability in the SIP ALG of Juniper Networks Junos OS on SRX 5000 Series allows a network-based, unauthenticated attacker to cause a Denial of Service (DoS). When an attacker sends an SIP packets with a malformed SDP field then the SIP ALG can not process it which will lead to an FPC crash and restart. Continued receipt of these specific packets will lead to a sustained Denial of Service. This issue can only occur when both below mentioned conditions are fulfilled: 1. Call distribution needs to be enabled: [security alg sip enable-call-distribution] 2. The SIP ALG needs to be enabled, either implicitly / by default or by way of configuration. To confirm whether SIP ALG is enabled on SRX, and MX with SPC3 use the following command: user@host\u003e show security alg status | match sip SIP : Enabled This issue affects Juniper Networks Junos OS on SRX 5000 Series: 20.4 versions prior to 20.4R3-S5; 21.1 versions prior to 21.1R3-S4; 21.2 versions prior to 21.2R3-S3; 21.3 versions prior to 21.3R3-S3; 21.4 versions prior to 21.4R3-S2; 22.1 versions prior to 22.1R2-S2, 22.1R3; 22.2 versions prior to 22.2R3; 22.3 versions prior to 22.3R1-S1, 22.3R2. This issue does not affect Juniper Networks Junos OS versions prior to 20.4R1.",
"id": "GHSA-4w9j-m79h-8w8m",
"modified": "2023-01-24T18:30:32Z",
"published": "2023-01-13T00:30:37Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-22408"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://kb.juniper.net/JSA70204"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-4WP3-4J8H-5X7R
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:49 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:49In FFmpeg 4.0.1, improper handling of frame types (other than EAC3_FRAME_TYPE_INDEPENDENT) that have multiple independent substreams in the handle_eac3 function in libavformat/movenc.c may trigger an out-of-array access while converting a crafted AVI file to MPEG4, leading to a denial of service or possibly unspecified other impact.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2018-13302"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-129"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2018-07-05T17:29:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "In FFmpeg 4.0.1, improper handling of frame types (other than EAC3_FRAME_TYPE_INDEPENDENT) that have multiple independent substreams in the handle_eac3 function in libavformat/movenc.c may trigger an out-of-array access while converting a crafted AVI file to MPEG4, leading to a denial of service or possibly unspecified other impact.",
"id": "GHSA-4wp3-4j8h-5x7r",
"modified": "2022-05-13T01:49:43Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:49:43Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-13302"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/FFmpeg/FFmpeg/commit/ed22dc22216f74c75ee7901f82649e1ff725ba50"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2018/dsa-4249"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/104675"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation MIT-7
Strategy: Input Validation
Use an input validation framework such as Struts or the OWASP ESAPI Validation API. Note that using a framework does not automatically address all input validation problems; be mindful of weaknesses that could arise from misusing the framework itself (CWE-1173).
Mitigation MIT-15
- For any security checks that are performed on the client side, ensure that these checks are duplicated on the server side, in order to avoid CWE-602. Attackers can bypass the client-side checks by modifying values after the checks have been performed, or by changing the client to remove the client-side checks entirely. Then, these modified values would be submitted to the server.
- Even though client-side checks provide minimal benefits with respect to server-side security, they are still useful. First, they can support intrusion detection. If the server receives input that should have been rejected by the client, then it may be an indication of an attack. Second, client-side error-checking can provide helpful feedback to the user about the expectations for valid input. Third, there may be a reduction in server-side processing time for accidental input errors, although this is typically a small savings.
Mitigation MIT-3
Strategy: Language Selection
- Use a language that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
- For example, Ada allows the programmer to constrain the values of a variable and languages such as Java and Ruby will allow the programmer to handle exceptions when an out-of-bounds index is accessed.
Mitigation MIT-11
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
- Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
- For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
Mitigation MIT-12
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Use a CPU and operating system that offers Data Execution Protection (using hardware NX or XD bits) or the equivalent techniques that simulate this feature in software, such as PaX [REF-60] [REF-61]. These techniques ensure that any instruction executed is exclusively at a memory address that is part of the code segment.
- For more information on these techniques see D3-PSEP (Process Segment Execution Prevention) from D3FEND [REF-1336].
Mitigation MIT-5
Strategy: Input Validation
- Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
- When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
- Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
- When accessing a user-controlled array index, use a stringent range of values that are within the target array. Make sure that you do not allow negative values to be used. That is, verify the minimum as well as the maximum of the range of acceptable values.
Mitigation MIT-35
Be especially careful to validate all input when invoking code that crosses language boundaries, such as from an interpreted language to native code. This could create an unexpected interaction between the language boundaries. Ensure that you are not violating any of the expectations of the language with which you are interfacing. For example, even though Java may not be susceptible to buffer overflows, providing a large argument in a call to native code might trigger an overflow.
Mitigation MIT-17
Strategy: Environment Hardening
Run your code using the lowest privileges that are required to accomplish the necessary tasks [REF-76]. If possible, create isolated accounts with limited privileges that are only used for a single task. That way, a successful attack will not immediately give the attacker access to the rest of the software or its environment. For example, database applications rarely need to run as the database administrator, especially in day-to-day operations.
Mitigation MIT-22
Strategy: Sandbox or Jail
- Run the code in a "jail" or similar sandbox environment that enforces strict boundaries between the process and the operating system. This may effectively restrict which files can be accessed in a particular directory or which commands can be executed by the software.
- OS-level examples include the Unix chroot jail, AppArmor, and SELinux. In general, managed code may provide some protection. For example, java.io.FilePermission in the Java SecurityManager allows the software to specify restrictions on file operations.
- This may not be a feasible solution, and it only limits the impact to the operating system; the rest of the application may still be subject to compromise.
- Be careful to avoid CWE-243 and other weaknesses related to jails.
CAPEC-100: Overflow Buffers
Buffer Overflow attacks target improper or missing bounds checking on buffer operations, typically triggered by input injected by an adversary. As a consequence, an adversary is able to write past the boundaries of allocated buffer regions in memory, causing a program crash or potentially redirection of execution as per the adversaries' choice.