Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-1285

Allowed

Improper Validation of Specified Index, Position, or Offset in Input

Abstraction: Base · Status: Incomplete

The product receives input that is expected to specify an index, position, or offset into an indexable resource such as a buffer or file, but it does not validate or incorrectly validates that the specified index/position/offset has the required properties.

111 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

GHSA-J3WM-PJRC-XPXV

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-09-02 21:30 – Updated: 2025-09-02 21:30
VLAI
Details

There is an out of bounds write vulnerability due to improper bounds checking resulting in invalid data when parsing a DSB file with Digilent DASYLab. This vulnerability may result in arbitrary code execution. Successful exploitation requires an attacker to get a user to open a specially crafted DSB file. The vulnerability affects all versions of DASYLab.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-57774"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-1285",
      "CWE-787"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-09-02T19:15:31Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "There is an out of bounds write vulnerability due to improper bounds checking resulting in invalid data when parsing a DSB file with Digilent DASYLab.  This vulnerability may result in arbitrary code execution.  Successful exploitation requires an attacker to get a user to open a specially crafted DSB file.  The vulnerability affects all versions of DASYLab.",
  "id": "GHSA-j3wm-pjrc-xpxv",
  "modified": "2025-09-02T21:30:58Z",
  "published": "2025-09-02T21:30:58Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-57774"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.ni.com/en/support/security/available-critical-and-security-updates-for-ni-software/memory-corruption-vulnerabilities-in-digilent-dasylab.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-J45Q-G2VJ-3F3R

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-10-11 12:00 – Updated: 2024-09-10 12:30
VLAI
Details

A vulnerability has been identified in LOGO! 8 BM (incl. SIPLUS variants) (All versions). Affected devices do not properly validate an offset value which can be defined in TCP packets when calling a method. This could allow an attacker to retrieve parts of the content of the memory.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2022-36363"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-1285",
      "CWE-20"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2022-10-11T11:15:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "A vulnerability has been identified in LOGO! 8 BM (incl. SIPLUS variants) (All versions). Affected devices do not properly validate an offset value which can be defined in TCP packets when calling a method. This could allow an attacker to retrieve parts of the content of the memory.",
  "id": "GHSA-j45q-g2vj-3f3r",
  "modified": "2024-09-10T12:30:33Z",
  "published": "2022-10-11T12:00:45Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-36363"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-955858.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/pdf/ssa-955858.pdf"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-JH8M-G69P-MV3X

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-08-13 12:30 – Updated: 2024-04-04 06:53
VLAI
Details

Vulnerability of input parameters being not strictly verified in the PMS module. Successful exploitation of this vulnerability may cause home screen unavailability.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-39389"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-120",
      "CWE-1285",
      "CWE-20"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-08-13T12:15:45Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Vulnerability of input parameters being not strictly verified in the PMS module. Successful exploitation of this vulnerability may cause home screen unavailability.",
  "id": "GHSA-jh8m-g69p-mv3x",
  "modified": "2024-04-04T06:53:47Z",
  "published": "2023-08-13T12:30:19Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-39389"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://consumer.huawei.com/en/support/bulletin/2023/8"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://device.harmonyos.com/en/docs/security/update/security-bulletins-202308-0000001667644725"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-JJPJ-MRVG-445J

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-10-16 15:38 – Updated: 2026-10-16 15:38
VLAI
Details

A flaw was found in luksmeta. Improper boundary validation of metadata slots allows an attacker capable of supplying or modifying a disk header to redirect wipe or load operations outside the intended metadata area. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by providing a crafted header with valid checksums to overwrite or zero out encrypted payload data, resulting in persistent data loss and corrupted storage. Exploitation typically requires privileged access to modify raw block devices or the ability to induce an administrator to process an untrusted disk image.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-111555"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-1285"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-10-16T13:16:56Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "A flaw was found in luksmeta. Improper boundary validation of metadata slots allows an attacker capable of supplying or modifying a disk header to redirect wipe or load operations outside the intended metadata area. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by providing a crafted header with valid checksums to overwrite or zero out encrypted payload data, resulting in persistent data loss and corrupted storage. Exploitation typically requires privileged access to modify raw block devices or the ability to induce an administrator to process an untrusted disk image.",
  "id": "GHSA-jjpj-mrvg-445j",
  "modified": "2026-10-16T15:38:45Z",
  "published": "2026-10-16T15:38:45Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-111555"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-111555"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2554026"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-JQ77-3WFM-PG54

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-09-02 21:30 – Updated: 2025-09-02 21:30
VLAI
Details

There is a heap-based Buffer Overflow vulnerability due to improper bounds checking when parsing a DSB file with Digilent DASYLab. This vulnerability may result in arbitrary code execution. Successful exploitation requires an attacker to get a user to open a specially crafted DSB file. The vulnerability affects all versions of DASYLab.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-57775"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-1285",
      "CWE-787"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-09-02T19:15:31Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "There is a heap-based Buffer Overflow vulnerability due to improper bounds checking when parsing a DSB file with Digilent DASYLab.  This vulnerability may result in arbitrary code execution.  Successful exploitation requires an attacker to get a user to open a specially crafted DSB file.  The vulnerability affects all versions of DASYLab.",
  "id": "GHSA-jq77-3wfm-pg54",
  "modified": "2025-09-02T21:30:58Z",
  "published": "2025-09-02T21:30:58Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-57775"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.ni.com/en/support/security/available-critical-and-security-updates-for-ni-software/memory-corruption-vulnerabilities-in-digilent-dasylab.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-M28Q-9CC4-GJ6H

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-11-12 15:30 – Updated: 2025-11-03 21:31
VLAI
Details

A guest can trigger an infinite loop in the hda audio driver.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-51564"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-1285"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-11-12T15:15:10Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "A guest can trigger an infinite loop in the hda audio driver.",
  "id": "GHSA-m28q-9cc4-gj6h",
  "modified": "2025-11-03T21:31:35Z",
  "published": "2024-11-12T15:30:43Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-51564"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://security.freebsd.org/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-24:17.bhyve.asc"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20250207-0008"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-M297-2WVR-723P

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-07-23 18:30 – Updated: 2025-07-23 18:30
VLAI
Details

Out of bounds read vulnerability due to improper bounds checking in NI LabVIEW in lvre!UDecStrToNum that may result in information disclosure or arbitrary code execution. Successful exploitation requires an attacker to get a user to open a specially crafted VI. This vulnerability affects NI LabVIEW 2025 Q1 and prior versions.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-2633"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-1285"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-07-23T16:15:25Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Out of bounds read vulnerability due to improper bounds checking in NI LabVIEW in lvre!UDecStrToNum that may result in information disclosure or arbitrary code execution.  Successful exploitation requires an attacker to get a user to open a specially crafted VI.  This vulnerability affects NI LabVIEW 2025 Q1 and prior versions.",
  "id": "GHSA-m297-2wvr-723p",
  "modified": "2025-07-23T18:30:36Z",
  "published": "2025-07-23T18:30:36Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-2633"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.ni.com/en/support/security/available-critical-and-security-updates-for-ni-software/out-of-bounds-read-vulnerabilities-in-ni-labview.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:P/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-MP8P-XHGF-RPJV

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-01-02 18:30 – Updated: 2026-06-30 03:35
VLAI
Details

gpsd before commit dc966aa contains a heap-based out-of-bounds write vulnerability in the drivers/driver_nmea2000.c file. The hnd_129540 function, which handles NMEA2000 PGN 129540 (GNSS Satellites in View) packets, fails to validate the user-supplied satellite count against the size of the skyview array (184 elements). This allows an attacker to write beyond the bounds of the array by providing a satellite count up to 255, leading to memory corruption, Denial of Service (DoS), and potentially arbitrary code execution.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-67268"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-122",
      "CWE-1285"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-01-02T16:17:00Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "gpsd before commit dc966aa contains a heap-based out-of-bounds write vulnerability in the drivers/driver_nmea2000.c file. The hnd_129540 function, which handles NMEA2000 PGN 129540 (GNSS Satellites in View) packets, fails to validate the user-supplied satellite count against the size of the skyview array (184 elements). This allows an attacker to write beyond the bounds of the array by providing a satellite count up to 255, leading to memory corruption, Denial of Service (DoS), and potentially arbitrary code execution.",
  "id": "GHSA-mp8p-xhgf-rpjv",
  "modified": "2026-06-30T03:35:23Z",
  "published": "2026-01-02T18:30:31Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-67268"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/ntpsec/gpsd/commit/dc966aa74c075d0a6535811d98628625cbfbe3f4"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:0770"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:0771"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:1621"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2025-67268"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2426835"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/Jaenact/gspd_cve/blob/main/CVE-2025-67268/README.md"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/ntpsec/gpsd/blob/master/drivers/driver_nmea2000.c"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2025/cve-2025-67268.json"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-MQ5V-X68W-MC4F

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-02-12 15:32 – Updated: 2026-06-30 03:35
VLAI
Details

Missing validation of multibyte character length in PostgreSQL text manipulation allows a database user to issue crafted queries that achieve a buffer overrun. That suffices to execute arbitrary code as the operating system user running the database. Versions before PostgreSQL 18.2, 17.8, 16.12, 15.16, and 14.21 are affected.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-2006"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-1285",
      "CWE-129"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-02-12T14:16:02Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Missing validation of multibyte character length in PostgreSQL text manipulation allows a database user to issue crafted queries that achieve a buffer overrun.  That suffices to execute arbitrary code as the operating system user running the database.  Versions before PostgreSQL 18.2, 17.8, 16.12, 15.16, and 14.21 are affected.",
  "id": "GHSA-mq5v-x68w-mc4f",
  "modified": "2026-06-30T03:35:36Z",
  "published": "2026-02-12T15:32:48Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-2006"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:19009"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:4509"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:4515"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:4516"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:4518"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:4524"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:4528"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:4544"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:4546"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:4547"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:4548"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:4943"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:8756"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-2006"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2439324"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2026/cve-2026-2006.json"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.postgresql.org/support/security/CVE-2026-2006"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:19010"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:3730"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:3887"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:3896"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:4024"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:4059"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:4063"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:4064"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:4074"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:4075"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:4110"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:4254"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:4441"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:4475"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:4504"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:4505"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:4506"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-MW2W-74Q7-6FC4

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-08-05 21:31 – Updated: 2026-08-05 21:31
VLAI
Details

There is a local privilege escalation vulnerability recently discovered in the NI-PAL kernel driver.  This may allow a local, authenticated user to escalate privileges and execute arbitrary code.  This vulnerability affects NI-PAL 26.3.1 and prior versions running on Microsoft Windows.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-18485"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-1285"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-08-05T19:17:29Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "There is a local privilege escalation vulnerability recently discovered in the NI-PAL kernel driver.\u00a0\u00a0This may allow a local, authenticated user to escalate privileges and execute arbitrary code.\u00a0\u00a0This vulnerability affects NI-PAL 26.3.1 and prior versions running on Microsoft Windows.",
  "id": "GHSA-mw2w-74q7-6fc4",
  "modified": "2026-08-05T21:31:38Z",
  "published": "2026-08-05T21:31:38Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-18485"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.ni.com/en/support/security/available-critical-and-security-updates-for-ni-software/2026/local-privilege-escalation-in-ni-pal.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

Mitigation MIT-5
Implementation

Strategy: Input Validation

  • Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
  • When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
  • Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.

No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.