CWE-122
AllowedHeap-based Buffer Overflow
Abstraction: Variant · Status: Draft
A heap overflow condition is a buffer overflow, where the buffer that can be overwritten is allocated in the heap portion of memory, generally meaning that the buffer was allocated using a routine such as malloc().
6212 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-RVFJ-GP2C-RW49
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-07-28 18:33 – Updated: 2026-07-28 21:31In schreibfaul1 ESP32-audioI2S 3.4.5, a heap-based buffer overflow vulnerability exists in the WAV header parsing function read_WAV_Header(). The function reads untrusted chunk size and bytes-to-skip value directly from malicious WAV files without reasonable range restriction. Abnormally large bts and headerSize values lead to out-of-bounds heap memory read/write during header parsing, which can be exploited to execute arbitrary code, disclose sensitive information, cause denial of service or escalate privileges.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-51271"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-122"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-07-28T16:18:50Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "In schreibfaul1 ESP32-audioI2S 3.4.5, a heap-based buffer overflow vulnerability exists in the WAV header parsing function read_WAV_Header(). The function reads untrusted chunk size and bytes-to-skip value directly from malicious WAV files without reasonable range restriction. Abnormally large bts and headerSize values lead to out-of-bounds heap memory read/write during header parsing, which can be exploited to execute arbitrary code, disclose sensitive information, cause denial of service or escalate privileges.",
"id": "GHSA-rvfj-gp2c-rw49",
"modified": "2026-07-28T21:31:30Z",
"published": "2026-07-28T18:33:02Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-51271"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/programmervuln/cveadvisory-/blob/main/CVE-2026-51271"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/schreibfaul1/ESP32-audioI2S/blob/master/src/Audio.cpp"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-RVMQ-H77H-WM99
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-09-08 18:33 – Updated: 2026-09-08 18:33Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Encrypting File System (EFS) allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-69841"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-122"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-09-08T18:19:55Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Encrypting File System (EFS) allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.",
"id": "GHSA-rvmq-h77h-wm99",
"modified": "2026-09-08T18:33:02Z",
"published": "2026-09-08T18:33:02Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-69841"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2026-69841"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-RVQW-Q2RP-C976
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-09-08 18:33 – Updated: 2026-09-08 18:33Heap-based buffer overflow in Microsoft Office allows an unauthorized attacker to disclose information over a network.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-80087"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-122"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-09-08T18:20:51Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Heap-based buffer overflow in Microsoft Office allows an unauthorized attacker to disclose information over a network.",
"id": "GHSA-rvqw-q2rp-c976",
"modified": "2026-09-08T18:33:29Z",
"published": "2026-09-08T18:33:29Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-80087"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2026-80087"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-RVWC-Q536-W2GJ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-09-08 18:33 – Updated: 2026-09-08 18:33Heap-based buffer overflow in Microsoft Office allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code over a network.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-77898"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-122"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-09-08T18:20:39Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Heap-based buffer overflow in Microsoft Office allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code over a network.",
"id": "GHSA-rvwc-q536-w2gj",
"modified": "2026-09-08T18:33:22Z",
"published": "2026-09-08T18:33:22Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-77898"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2026-77898"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-RW32-4WCJ-6XQF
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-10-13 21:34 – Updated: 2026-10-13 21:34Use after free in Windows iSCSI allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code over a network.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-70038"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-122"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-10-13T19:19:14Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Use after free in Windows iSCSI allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code over a network.",
"id": "GHSA-rw32-4wcj-6xqf",
"modified": "2026-10-13T21:34:00Z",
"published": "2026-10-13T21:34:00Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-70038"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2026-70038"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-RW6C-W8VC-9P9J
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-10-13 21:35 – Updated: 2026-10-13 21:35Remote Code Execution in Windows Routing and Remote Access Service (RRAS) allows attacker to gain an unauthorized access to victim's machine
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-85809"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-122"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-10-13T19:21:05Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "Remote Code Execution in Windows Routing and Remote Access Service (RRAS) allows attacker to gain an unauthorized access to victim\u0027s machine",
"id": "GHSA-rw6c-w8vc-9p9j",
"modified": "2026-10-13T21:35:49Z",
"published": "2026-10-13T21:35:49Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-85809"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2026-85809"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-RW96-FRPX-72Q6
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-09-08 18:32 – Updated: 2026-09-08 18:32Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Connected User Experiences and Telemetry allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges over a network.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-69625"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-122"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-09-08T18:19:34Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Connected User Experiences and Telemetry allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges over a network.",
"id": "GHSA-rw96-frpx-72q6",
"modified": "2026-09-08T18:32:50Z",
"published": "2026-09-08T18:32:50Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-69625"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2026-69625"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-RW9X-J3P5-VVX2
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-11-22 21:32 – Updated: 2024-11-22 21:32IrfanView RLE File Parsing Heap-based Buffer Overflow Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of IrfanView. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file.
The specific flaw exists within the parsing of RLE files. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of the length of user-supplied data prior to copying it to a fixed-length heap-based buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-24444.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-11518"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-122",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-11-22T21:15:10Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "IrfanView RLE File Parsing Heap-based Buffer Overflow Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of IrfanView. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file.\n\nThe specific flaw exists within the parsing of RLE files. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of the length of user-supplied data prior to copying it to a fixed-length heap-based buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-24444.",
"id": "GHSA-rw9x-j3p5-vvx2",
"modified": "2024-11-22T21:32:17Z",
"published": "2024-11-22T21:32:17Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-11518"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-24-1596"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-RWGW-67HQ-87VJ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-10-13 21:36 – Updated: 2026-10-13 21:36Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Distributed File System (DFS) allows an authorized attacker to execute code over a network.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-85931"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-122"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-10-13T19:21:19Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Distributed File System (DFS) allows an authorized attacker to execute code over a network.",
"id": "GHSA-rwgw-67hq-87vj",
"modified": "2026-10-13T21:36:23Z",
"published": "2026-10-13T21:36:23Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-85931"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2026-85931"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-RWR7-2J6F-MMH5
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-01-14 18:32 – Updated: 2025-01-14 18:32Windows Telephony Service Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-21241"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-122"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-01-14T18:15:39Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Windows Telephony Service Remote Code Execution Vulnerability",
"id": "GHSA-rwr7-2j6f-mmh5",
"modified": "2025-01-14T18:32:03Z",
"published": "2025-01-14T18:32:03Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-21241"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2025-21241"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation
Pre-design: Use a language or compiler that performs automatic bounds checking.
Mitigation
Use an abstraction library to abstract away risky APIs. Not a complete solution.
Mitigation MIT-10
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
- D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
Mitigation MIT-11
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
- Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
- For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
Mitigation
Implement and perform bounds checking on input.
Mitigation
Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks
Do not use dangerous functions such as gets. Look for their safe equivalent, which checks for the boundary.
Mitigation
Use OS-level preventative functionality. This is not a complete solution, but it provides some defense in depth.
CAPEC-92: Forced Integer Overflow
This attack forces an integer variable to go out of range. The integer variable is often used as an offset such as size of memory allocation or similarly. The attacker would typically control the value of such variable and try to get it out of range. For instance the integer in question is incremented past the maximum possible value, it may wrap to become a very small, or negative number, therefore providing a very incorrect value which can lead to unexpected behavior. At worst the attacker can execute arbitrary code.