Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-122
AllowedHeap-based Buffer Overflow
Abstraction: Variant · Status: Draft
A heap overflow condition is a buffer overflow, where the buffer that can be overwritten is allocated in the heap portion of memory, generally meaning that the buffer was allocated using a routine such as malloc().
6292 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-8RGR-7C79-W295
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-06-11 18:30 – Updated: 2024-06-11 18:30
VLAI
Details
Windows Cloud Files Mini Filter Driver Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Severity
7.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-30085"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-122"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-06-11T17:15:56Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Windows Cloud Files Mini Filter Driver Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability",
"id": "GHSA-8rgr-7c79-w295",
"modified": "2024-06-11T18:30:49Z",
"published": "2024-06-11T18:30:49Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-30085"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2024-30085"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-8RH6-MJG6-WF8Q
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-09-08 18:33 – Updated: 2026-09-08 18:33
VLAI
Details
Heap-based buffer overflow in Microsoft Office Outlook allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code over a network.
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-78509"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-122"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-09-08T18:20:46Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "Heap-based buffer overflow in Microsoft Office Outlook allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code over a network.",
"id": "GHSA-8rh6-mjg6-wf8q",
"modified": "2026-09-08T18:33:26Z",
"published": "2026-09-08T18:33:26Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-78509"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2026-78509"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-8RJ5-VP35-H5MX
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-10-19 03:31 – Updated: 2026-10-19 03:31
VLAI
Details
在 openGauss-server 的 src/gausskernel/cbb/utils/hll/hll.cpp 中，内置函数 HllObjectUnpack() 存在长度校验缺陷。该函数从用户提供的 packed HLL 解析 lenUsed 与 lenTotal 后，仅检查输入长度足以覆盖 HLL_HEAD_SIZE + lenUsed，随后按 lenTotal 分配缓冲区、按 lenUsed 调用 memcpy_s() 拷贝输入，既未校验 lenTotal >= lenUsed，也将 memcpy_s() 目标大小写成 lenUsed 而非实际分配的 lenTotal，导致安全拷贝无法拦截越界写。hll_in()、hll_print()、hll_cardinality() 等 SQL 入口会走同一解包路径。因此，普通数据库连接用户只需构造 lenTotal 小于 lenUsed 的畸形 packed HLL（例如经 ::hll 进入 hll_in()），即可触发服务端堆越界写，存在内存破坏风险。此问题随 packed HLL 解包函数 HllObjectUnpack() 进入代码，v2.1.0 起即存在。受影响版本包括 2.1.0、3.0.x、3.1.x、5.0.x、5.1.0、6.0.x，以及 7.0.0-RC1、7.0.0-RC2、7.0.0-RC3。该问题已在 7.0.0-LTS 版本修复，通过在 HllObjectUnpack() 中补齐 lenUsed <= lenTotal 校验，并将 memcpy_s() 的目标大小改为实际分配的 lenTotal。修复 PR 见 https://gitcode.com/opengauss/openGauss-server/pull/9380 。
Severity
8.1 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-111441"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-122"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-10-19T03:16:58Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "\u5728 openGauss-server \u7684 src/gausskernel/cbb/utils/hll/hll.cpp \u4e2d\uff0c\u5185\u7f6e\u51fd\u6570 HllObjectUnpack() \u5b58\u5728\u957f\u5ea6\u6821\u9a8c\u7f3a\u9677\u3002\u8be5\u51fd\u6570\u4ece\u7528\u6237\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684 packed HLL \u89e3\u6790 lenUsed \u4e0e lenTotal \u540e\uff0c\u4ec5\u68c0\u67e5\u8f93\u5165\u957f\u5ea6\u8db3\u4ee5\u8986\u76d6 HLL_HEAD_SIZE + lenUsed\uff0c\u968f\u540e\u6309 lenTotal \u5206\u914d\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u3001\u6309 lenUsed \u8c03\u7528 memcpy_s() \u62f7\u8d1d\u8f93\u5165\uff0c\u65e2\u672a\u6821\u9a8c lenTotal \u003e= lenUsed\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c06 memcpy_s() \u76ee\u6807\u5927\u5c0f\u5199\u6210 lenUsed \u800c\u975e\u5b9e\u9645\u5206\u914d\u7684 lenTotal\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u5b89\u5168\u62f7\u8d1d\u65e0\u6cd5\u62e6\u622a\u8d8a\u754c\u5199\u3002hll_in()\u3001hll_print()\u3001hll_cardinality() \u7b49 SQL \u5165\u53e3\u4f1a\u8d70\u540c\u4e00\u89e3\u5305\u8def\u5f84\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u666e\u901a\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fde\u63a5\u7528\u6237\u53ea\u9700\u6784\u9020 lenTotal \u5c0f\u4e8e lenUsed \u7684\u7578\u5f62 packed HLL\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u7ecf ::hll \u8fdb\u5165 hll_in()\uff09\uff0c\u5373\u53ef\u89e6\u53d1\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u5806\u8d8a\u754c\u5199\uff0c\u5b58\u5728\u5185\u5b58\u7834\u574f\u98ce\u9669\u3002\u6b64\u95ee\u9898\u968f packed HLL \u89e3\u5305\u51fd\u6570 HllObjectUnpack() \u8fdb\u5165\u4ee3\u7801\uff0cv2.1.0 \u8d77\u5373\u5b58\u5728\u3002\u53d7\u5f71\u54cd\u7248\u672c\u5305\u62ec 2.1.0\u30013.0.x\u30013.1.x\u30015.0.x\u30015.1.0\u30016.0.x\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca 7.0.0-RC1\u30017.0.0-RC2\u30017.0.0-RC3\u3002\u8be5\u95ee\u9898\u5df2\u5728 7.0.0-LTS \u7248\u672c\u4fee\u590d\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5728 HllObjectUnpack() \u4e2d\u8865\u9f50 lenUsed \u003c= lenTotal \u6821\u9a8c\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06 memcpy_s() \u7684\u76ee\u6807\u5927\u5c0f\u6539\u4e3a\u5b9e\u9645\u5206\u914d\u7684 lenTotal\u3002\u4fee\u590d PR \u89c1 https://gitcode.com/opengauss/openGauss-server/pull/9380 \u3002",
"id": "GHSA-8rj5-vp35-h5mx",
"modified": "2026-10-19T03:31:05Z",
"published": "2026-10-19T03:31:05Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-111441"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://gitcode.com/opengauss/openGauss-server/pull/9380"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-8RJ7-6QP9-5FMJ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-09-08 18:32 – Updated: 2026-09-08 18:32
VLAI
Details
Integer underflow (wrap or wraparound) in Windows Kernel Mode Driver allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.
Severity
7.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-69421"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-122"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-09-08T18:19:05Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Integer underflow (wrap or wraparound) in Windows Kernel Mode Driver allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.",
"id": "GHSA-8rj7-6qp9-5fmj",
"modified": "2026-09-08T18:32:32Z",
"published": "2026-09-08T18:32:32Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-69421"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2026-69421"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-8RWG-JWGW-WFJ5
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-09-08 18:32 – Updated: 2026-09-08 18:32
VLAI
Details
Heap-based buffer overflow in Microsoft Office Access allows an authorized attacker to execute code locally.
Severity
7.3 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-69477"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-122"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-09-08T18:19:13Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Heap-based buffer overflow in Microsoft Office Access allows an authorized attacker to execute code locally.",
"id": "GHSA-8rwg-jwgw-wfj5",
"modified": "2026-09-08T18:32:38Z",
"published": "2026-09-08T18:32:38Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-69477"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2026-69477"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-8V2M-9Q25-Q4CV
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-09-08 18:32 – Updated: 2026-09-08 18:32
VLAI
Details
Remote Code Execution in Windows Routing and Remote Access Service (RRAS) allows attacker to gain an unauthorized access to victim's machine
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-69590"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-122"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-09-08T18:19:29Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "Remote Code Execution in Windows Routing and Remote Access Service (RRAS) allows attacker to gain an unauthorized access to victim\u0027s machine",
"id": "GHSA-8v2m-9q25-q4cv",
"modified": "2026-09-08T18:32:47Z",
"published": "2026-09-08T18:32:47Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-69590"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2026-69590"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-8VCC-HRHR-Q8HF
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-01-03 00:00 – Updated: 2025-05-22 15:34
VLAI
Details
mruby is vulnerable to Heap-based Buffer Overflow
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-0080"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-122"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-01-02T12:15:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "mruby is vulnerable to Heap-based Buffer Overflow",
"id": "GHSA-8vcc-hrhr-q8hf",
"modified": "2025-05-22T15:34:37Z",
"published": "2022-01-03T00:00:59Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-0080"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/28ccc664e5dcd3f9d55173e9afde77c4705a9ab6"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://huntr.dev/bounties/59a70392-4864-4ce3-8e35-6ac2111d1e2e"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-8VF8-R7RR-H923
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-04-09 18:30 – Updated: 2024-04-09 18:30
VLAI
Details
Windows Routing and Remote Access Service (RRAS) Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Severity
8.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-26205"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-122"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-04-09T17:15:38Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Windows Routing and Remote Access Service (RRAS) Remote Code Execution Vulnerability",
"id": "GHSA-8vf8-r7rr-h923",
"modified": "2024-04-09T18:30:25Z",
"published": "2024-04-09T18:30:25Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-26205"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2024-26205"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-8VFJ-3W4X-2JJ6
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-09-08 18:33 – Updated: 2026-09-08 18:33
VLAI
Details
Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Biometric Service allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.
Severity
7.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-83969"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-122"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-09-08T18:21:06Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Biometric Service allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.",
"id": "GHSA-8vfj-3w4x-2jj6",
"modified": "2026-09-08T18:33:36Z",
"published": "2026-09-08T18:33:36Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-83969"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2026-83969"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-8VFJ-Q2CP-5M5J
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-04-14 23:32 – Updated: 2026-04-16 15:33
VLAI
Summary
ImageMagick has a heap buffer overflow read in magnify operation via unrecognized magnify:method value
Details
An unrecognized magnify:method will result in an out of bounds read in the magnify operation.
==ERROR: AddressSanitizer: heap-buffer-overflow on address 0x61a000000b30
READ of size 4 at 0x61a000000b30 thread T0
Severity
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "NuGet",
"name": "Magick.NET-Q16-AnyCPU"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "14.12.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "NuGet",
"name": "Magick.NET-Q16-HDRI-AnyCPU"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "14.12.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "NuGet",
"name": "Magick.NET-Q16-HDRI-OpenMP-arm64"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "14.12.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "NuGet",
"name": "Magick.NET-Q16-HDRI-arm64"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "14.12.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "NuGet",
"name": "Magick.NET-Q16-HDRI-x64"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "14.12.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "NuGet",
"name": "Magick.NET-Q16-HDRI-x86"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "14.12.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "NuGet",
"name": "Magick.NET-Q16-OpenMP-arm64"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "14.12.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "NuGet",
"name": "Magick.NET-Q16-OpenMP-x64"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "14.12.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "NuGet",
"name": "Magick.NET-Q16-arm64"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "14.12.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "NuGet",
"name": "Magick.NET-Q16-x64"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "14.12.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "NuGet",
"name": "Magick.NET-Q16-x86"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "14.12.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "NuGet",
"name": "Magick.NET-Q16-HDRI-OpenMP-x64"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "14.12.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "NuGet",
"name": "Magick.NET-Q8-AnyCPU"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "14.12.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "NuGet",
"name": "Magick.NET-Q8-OpenMP-arm64"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "14.12.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "NuGet",
"name": "Magick.NET-Q8-OpenMP-x64"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "14.12.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "NuGet",
"name": "Magick.NET-Q8-arm64"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "14.12.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "NuGet",
"name": "Magick.NET-Q8-x64"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "14.12.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "NuGet",
"name": "Magick.NET-Q8-x86"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "14.12.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-122"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2026-04-14T23:32:22Z",
"nvd_published_at": null,
"severity": "LOW"
},
"details": "An unrecognized magnify:method will result in an out of bounds read in the magnify operation.\n\n```\n==ERROR: AddressSanitizer: heap-buffer-overflow on address 0x61a000000b30\nREAD of size 4 at 0x61a000000b30 thread T0\n```",
"id": "GHSA-8vfj-q2cp-5m5j",
"modified": "2026-04-16T15:33:26Z",
"published": "2026-04-14T23:32:22Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/ImageMagick/ImageMagick/security/advisories/GHSA-8vfj-q2cp-5m5j"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/ImageMagick/ImageMagick"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "ImageMagick has a heap buffer overflow read in magnify operation via unrecognized magnify:method value"
}
Mitigation
Pre-design: Use a language or compiler that performs automatic bounds checking.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design
Use an abstraction library to abstract away risky APIs. Not a complete solution.
Mitigation MIT-10
Operation
Build and Compilation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
- D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
Mitigation MIT-11
Operation
Build and Compilation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
- Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
- For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
Mitigation
Implementation
Implement and perform bounds checking on input.
Mitigation
Implementation
Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks
Do not use dangerous functions such as gets. Look for their safe equivalent, which checks for the boundary.
Mitigation
Operation
Use OS-level preventative functionality. This is not a complete solution, but it provides some defense in depth.
CAPEC-92: Forced Integer Overflow
This attack forces an integer variable to go out of range. The integer variable is often used as an offset such as size of memory allocation or similarly. The attacker would typically control the value of such variable and try to get it out of range. For instance the integer in question is incremented past the maximum possible value, it may wrap to become a very small, or negative number, therefore providing a very incorrect value which can lead to unexpected behavior. At worst the attacker can execute arbitrary code.