Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-122
AllowedHeap-based Buffer Overflow
Abstraction: Variant · Status: Draft
A heap overflow condition is a buffer overflow, where the buffer that can be overwritten is allocated in the heap portion of memory, generally meaning that the buffer was allocated using a routine such as malloc().
4126 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-GVM9-R8F2-HG82
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-07-09 18:30 – Updated: 2024-07-09 18:30
VLAI
Details
SQL Server Native Client OLE DB Provider Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Severity
8.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-20701"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-122"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-07-09T17:15:10Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "SQL Server Native Client OLE DB Provider Remote Code Execution Vulnerability",
"id": "GHSA-gvm9-r8f2-hg82",
"modified": "2024-07-09T18:30:49Z",
"published": "2024-07-09T18:30:49Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-20701"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2024-20701"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-GW24-2VRH-7J29
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-10-14 18:30 – Updated: 2025-10-14 18:30
VLAI
Details
Improper validation of specified type of input in Windows Authentication Methods allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.
Severity
7.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-59275"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-122"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-10-14T17:16:09Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Improper validation of specified type of input in Windows Authentication Methods allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.",
"id": "GHSA-gw24-2vrh-7j29",
"modified": "2025-10-14T18:30:36Z",
"published": "2025-10-14T18:30:36Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-59275"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2025-59275"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-GW97-FF7C-9V96
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-03-24 21:57 – Updated: 2023-03-27 22:03
VLAI
Summary
TensorFlow has a heap out-of-buffer read vulnerability in the QuantizeAndDequantize operation
Details
Impact
Attackers using Tensorflow can exploit the vulnerability. They can access heap memory which is not in the control of user, leading to a crash or RCE. When axis is larger than the dim of input, c->Dim(input,axis) goes out of bound. Same problem occurs in the QuantizeAndDequantizeV2/V3/V4/V4Grad operations too.
import tensorflow as tf
@tf.function
def test():
tf.raw_ops.QuantizeAndDequantizeV2(input=[2.5],
input_min=[1.0],
input_max=[10.0],
signed_input=True,
num_bits=1,
range_given=True,
round_mode='HALF_TO_EVEN',
narrow_range=True,
axis=0x7fffffff)
test()
Patches
We have patched the issue in GitHub commit 7b174a0f2e40ff3f3aa957aecddfd5aaae35eccb.
The fix will be included in TensorFlow 2.12.0. We will also cherrypick this commit on TensorFlow 2.11.1
For more information
Please consult our security guide for more information regarding the security model and how to contact us with issues and questions.
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"name": "tensorflow"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "2.11.1"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"name": "tensorflow-cpu"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "2.11.1"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"name": "tensorflow-gpu"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "2.11.1"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-25668"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-122",
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2023-03-24T21:57:01Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2023-03-25T00:15:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "### Impact\nAttackers using Tensorflow can exploit the vulnerability. They can access heap memory which is not in the control of user, leading to a crash or RCE.\nWhen axis is larger than the dim of input, c-\u003eDim(input,axis) goes out of bound.\nSame problem occurs in the QuantizeAndDequantizeV2/V3/V4/V4Grad operations too.\n```python\nimport tensorflow as tf\n@tf.function\ndef test():\n tf.raw_ops.QuantizeAndDequantizeV2(input=[2.5],\n \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t input_min=[1.0],\n \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t input_max=[10.0],\n \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t signed_input=True,\n \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t num_bits=1,\n \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t range_given=True,\n \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t round_mode=\u0027HALF_TO_EVEN\u0027,\n \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t narrow_range=True,\n \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t axis=0x7fffffff)\ntest()\n```\n\n\n\n### Patches\nWe have patched the issue in GitHub commit [7b174a0f2e40ff3f3aa957aecddfd5aaae35eccb](https://github.com/tensorflow/tensorflow/commit/7b174a0f2e40ff3f3aa957aecddfd5aaae35eccb).\n\nThe fix will be included in TensorFlow 2.12.0. We will also cherrypick this commit on TensorFlow 2.11.1\n\n\n### For more information\nPlease consult [our security guide](https://github.com/tensorflow/tensorflow/blob/master/SECURITY.md) for more information regarding the security model and how to contact us with issues and questions.\n\n\n",
"id": "GHSA-gw97-ff7c-9v96",
"modified": "2023-03-27T22:03:05Z",
"published": "2023-03-24T21:57:01Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/tensorflow/tensorflow/security/advisories/GHSA-gw97-ff7c-9v96"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-25668"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/tensorflow/tensorflow/commit/7b174a0f2e40ff3f3aa957aecddfd5aaae35eccb"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/tensorflow/tensorflow"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "TensorFlow has a heap out-of-buffer read vulnerability in the QuantizeAndDequantize operation"
}
GHSA-GWGM-PGV3-CWQF
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-04-09 18:30 – Updated: 2024-04-09 18:30
VLAI
Details
Microsoft OLE DB Driver for SQL Server Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Severity
8.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-28909"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-122"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-04-09T17:15:50Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Microsoft OLE DB Driver for SQL Server Remote Code Execution Vulnerability",
"id": "GHSA-gwgm-pgv3-cwqf",
"modified": "2024-04-09T18:30:26Z",
"published": "2024-04-09T18:30:26Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-28909"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2024-28909"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-GWH5-FH5X-WW83
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-02-26 18:30 – Updated: 2025-11-04 21:31
VLAI
Details
A heap-based buffer overflow vulnerability exists in the GGUF library info->ne functionality of llama.cpp Commit 18c2e17. A specially crafted .gguf file can lead to code execution. An attacker can provide a malicious file to trigger this vulnerability.
Severity
8.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-21802"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-122",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-02-26T16:27:55Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A heap-based buffer overflow vulnerability exists in the GGUF library info-\u0026gt;ne functionality of llama.cpp Commit 18c2e17. A specially crafted .gguf file can lead to code execution. An attacker can provide a malicious file to trigger this vulnerability.",
"id": "GHSA-gwh5-fh5x-ww83",
"modified": "2025-11-04T21:31:13Z",
"published": "2024-02-26T18:30:30Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-21802"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_reports/TALOS-2024-1914"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_reports/TALOS-2024-1914"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-GWJ7-4QX3-H44C
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-09-10 18:30 – Updated: 2024-09-10 18:30
VLAI
Details
Kernel Streaming WOW Thunk Service Driver Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Severity
7.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-38237"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-122"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-09-10T17:15:27Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Kernel Streaming WOW Thunk Service Driver Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability",
"id": "GHSA-gwj7-4qx3-h44c",
"modified": "2024-09-10T18:30:46Z",
"published": "2024-09-10T18:30:46Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-38237"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2024-38237"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-GWR3-HQJ9-GXMF
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-05-27 15:33 – Updated: 2026-05-27 15:33
VLAI
Details
IBM Aspera High-Speed Transfer Endpoint 3.7.4 through 4.4.7 Fix Pack 1 and IBM Aspera High-Speed Transfer Server 3.7.4 through 4.4.7 Fix Pack 1 and IBM Aspera High-Speed Transfer Endpoint are affected by a buffer overflow in the asperahttpd component. This vulnerability could be exploited to cause a denial of service and potentially lead to authentication bypass or remote code execution.
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-8175"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-122"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-05-27T14:17:35Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "IBM Aspera High-Speed Transfer Endpoint 3.7.4 through 4.4.7 Fix Pack 1 and IBM Aspera High-Speed Transfer Server 3.7.4 through 4.4.7 Fix Pack 1 and IBM Aspera High-Speed Transfer Endpoint are affected by a buffer overflow in the asperahttpd component. This vulnerability could be exploited to cause a denial of service and potentially lead to authentication bypass or remote code execution.",
"id": "GHSA-gwr3-hqj9-gxmf",
"modified": "2026-05-27T15:33:25Z",
"published": "2026-05-27T15:33:25Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-8175"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7273615"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-GWW4-2HXM-6JR7
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-07-14 18:32 – Updated: 2026-07-14 18:32
VLAI
Details
Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows NTFS allows an authorized attacker to execute code locally.
Severity
7.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-50494"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-122"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-07-14T18:17:55Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows NTFS allows an authorized attacker to execute code locally.",
"id": "GHSA-gww4-2hxm-6jr7",
"modified": "2026-07-14T18:32:27Z",
"published": "2026-07-14T18:32:27Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-50494"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2026-50494"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-GX27-VFJC-C4HF
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-08-06 03:30 – Updated: 2025-08-06 03:30
VLAI
Details
:Vulnerability of insufficient data length verification in the DFA module. Impact: Successful exploitation of this vulnerability may affect availability.
Severity
6.8 (Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-54630"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-122"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-08-06T03:15:26Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": ":Vulnerability of insufficient data length verification in the DFA module.\nImpact: Successful exploitation of this vulnerability may affect availability.",
"id": "GHSA-gx27-vfjc-c4hf",
"modified": "2025-08-06T03:30:27Z",
"published": "2025-08-06T03:30:27Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-54630"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://consumer.huawei.com/en/support/bulletin/2025/8"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:P/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-GXMR-RXPV-C8FQ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-02-01 21:30 – Updated: 2025-11-04 18:30
VLAI
Details
Due to a failure in validating the number of scanline samples of a OpenEXR file containing deep scanline data, Academy Software Foundation OpenEX image parsing library version 3.2.1 and prior is susceptible to a heap-based buffer overflow vulnerability.
Severity
9.1 (Critical)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-5841"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-122",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-02-01T19:15:08Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "Due to a failure in validating the number of scanline samples of a OpenEXR file containing deep scanline data, Academy Software Foundation OpenEX\u00a0image parsing library version 3.2.1 and prior is susceptible to a heap-based buffer overflow vulnerability.",
"id": "GHSA-gxmr-rxpv-c8fq",
"modified": "2025-11-04T18:30:45Z",
"published": "2024-02-01T21:30:31Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-5841"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/LSB6DB5LAKGPLRXEF5HDNGUMT7GIFT2C"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/XWMINVKQLSUHECXBSQMZFCSDRIHFOJJI"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://takeonme.org/cves/CVE-2023-5841.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2024/Sep/32"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2024/Sep/34"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2024/Sep/36"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation
Pre-design: Use a language or compiler that performs automatic bounds checking.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design
Use an abstraction library to abstract away risky APIs. Not a complete solution.
Mitigation MIT-10
Operation
Build and Compilation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
- D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
Mitigation MIT-11
Operation
Build and Compilation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
- Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
- For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
Mitigation
Implementation
Implement and perform bounds checking on input.
Mitigation
Implementation
Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks
Do not use dangerous functions such as gets. Look for their safe equivalent, which checks for the boundary.
Mitigation
Operation
Use OS-level preventative functionality. This is not a complete solution, but it provides some defense in depth.
CAPEC-92: Forced Integer Overflow
This attack forces an integer variable to go out of range. The integer variable is often used as an offset such as size of memory allocation or similarly. The attacker would typically control the value of such variable and try to get it out of range. For instance the integer in question is incremented past the maximum possible value, it may wrap to become a very small, or negative number, therefore providing a very incorrect value which can lead to unexpected behavior. At worst the attacker can execute arbitrary code.