CWE-122
AllowedHeap-based Buffer Overflow
Abstraction: Variant · Status: Draft
A heap overflow condition is a buffer overflow, where the buffer that can be overwritten is allocated in the heap portion of memory, generally meaning that the buffer was allocated using a routine such as malloc().
4149 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-56R5-2P2F-7CXP
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-07-17 21:19 – Updated: 2026-07-17 21:19Impact
The trie language model code introduced in PocketSphinx 5prealpha failed to check various boundary conditions when reading the headers of ARPA, DMP, and binary format language model files. In the case of invalid, corrupted or malicious input files, this could lead to stack and heap buffer overflows.
In addition, the acoustic model loading code (which is over 30 years old...) contains numerous instances of sscanf with an unbounded string field which could also lead to stack overflows in the case of corrupt or malicious inputs.
Because PocketSphinx will search the directory given by the POCKETSPHINX_PATH environment variable for acoustic and language model files, if this directory is writable by untrusted users, an attacker could corrupt an existing file or write a malicious one to this directory in order to trigger the vulnerability.
Patches
The problem has been corrected in PocketSphinx 5.1.1.
There is no patch currently available for users of Pocketsphinx 5prealpha, who are encouraged to migrate as soon as possible to PocketSphinx 5.1.1.
Workarounds
Ensure that the POCKETSPHINX_PATH environment variable is either unset, or set to a directory whose contents are trusted and which cannot be written by untrusted users.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"name": "pocketsphinx"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "5.1.1"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-54559"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-119",
"CWE-121",
"CWE-122"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2026-07-17T21:19:17Z",
"nvd_published_at": null,
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "### Impact\n\nThe trie language model code introduced in PocketSphinx 5prealpha failed to check various boundary conditions when reading the headers of ARPA, DMP, and binary format language model files. In the case of invalid, corrupted or malicious input files, this could lead to stack and heap buffer overflows.\n\nIn addition, the acoustic model loading code (which is over 30 years old...) contains numerous instances of `sscanf` with an unbounded string field which could also lead to stack overflows in the case of corrupt or malicious inputs.\n\nBecause PocketSphinx will search the directory given by the `POCKETSPHINX_PATH` environment variable for acoustic and language model files, if this directory is writable by untrusted users, an attacker could corrupt an existing file or write a malicious one to this directory in order to trigger the vulnerability.\n\n### Patches\n\nThe problem has been corrected in PocketSphinx 5.1.1.\n\nThere is no patch currently available for users of Pocketsphinx 5prealpha, who are encouraged to migrate as soon as possible to PocketSphinx 5.1.1.\n\n### Workarounds\n\nEnsure that the `POCKETSPHINX_PATH` environment variable is either unset, or set to a directory whose contents are trusted and which cannot be written by untrusted users.",
"id": "GHSA-56r5-2p2f-7cxp",
"modified": "2026-07-17T21:19:17Z",
"published": "2026-07-17T21:19:17Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/cmusphinx/pocketsphinx/security/advisories/GHSA-56r5-2p2f-7cxp"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/cmusphinx/pocketsphinx"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/cmusphinx/pocketsphinx/releases/tag/v5.1.1"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
],
"summary": "PocketSphinx: Buffer overflows in language and acoustic model loading code"
}
GHSA-56RF-7Q3J-JWJF
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-10-20 21:30 – Updated: 2025-10-20 21:30Heap-based Buffer Overflow vulnerability in ABB Terra AC wallbox (UL40/80A), ABB Terra AC wallbox (UL32A), ABB Terra AC wallbox (MID/ CE) -Terra AC MID, ABB Terra AC wallbox (MID/ CE) -Terra AC Juno CE, ABB Terra AC wallbox (MID/ CE) -Terra AC PTB, ABB Terra AC wallbox (JP).This issue affects Terra AC wallbox (UL40/80A): through 1.8.32; Terra AC wallbox (UL32A): through 1.8.2; Terra AC wallbox (MID/ CE) -Terra AC MID: through 1.8.32; Terra AC wallbox (MID/ CE) -Terra AC Juno CE: through 1.8.32; Terra AC wallbox (MID/ CE) -Terra AC PTB: through 1.8.21; Terra AC wallbox (JP): through 1.8.2.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-5517"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-122"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-10-20T19:15:37Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Heap-based Buffer Overflow vulnerability in ABB Terra AC wallbox (UL40/80A), ABB Terra AC wallbox (UL32A), ABB Terra AC wallbox (MID/ CE) -Terra AC MID, ABB Terra AC wallbox (MID/ CE) -Terra AC Juno CE, ABB Terra AC wallbox (MID/ CE) -Terra AC PTB, ABB Terra AC wallbox (JP).This issue affects Terra AC wallbox (UL40/80A): through 1.8.32; Terra AC wallbox (UL32A): through 1.8.2; Terra AC wallbox (MID/ CE) -Terra AC MID: through 1.8.32; Terra AC wallbox (MID/ CE) -Terra AC Juno CE: through 1.8.32; Terra AC wallbox (MID/ CE) -Terra AC PTB: through 1.8.21; Terra AC wallbox (JP): through 1.8.2.",
"id": "GHSA-56rf-7q3j-jwjf",
"modified": "2025-10-20T21:30:31Z",
"published": "2025-10-20T21:30:30Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-5517"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://search.abb.com/library/Download.aspx?DocumentID=9AKK108471A8948\u0026LanguageCode=en\u0026DocumentPartId=PDF\u0026Action=Launch"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:P/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-56V2-HH65-7486
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-08-12 18:31 – Updated: 2025-08-12 18:31Heap-based buffer overflow in Microsoft Teams allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code over a network.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-53783"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-122"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-08-12T18:15:46Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Heap-based buffer overflow in Microsoft Teams allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code over a network.",
"id": "GHSA-56v2-hh65-7486",
"modified": "2025-08-12T18:31:33Z",
"published": "2025-08-12T18:31:33Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-53783"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2025-53783"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-5736-CVW5-CH2R
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-01-13 18:31 – Updated: 2026-01-13 18:31Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Media allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code locally.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-20837"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-122"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-01-13T18:16:11Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Media allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code locally.",
"id": "GHSA-5736-cvw5-ch2r",
"modified": "2026-01-13T18:31:09Z",
"published": "2026-01-13T18:31:09Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-20837"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2026-20837"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-574F-9862-PVRW
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-05-14 18:30 – Updated: 2024-07-03 18:40HDF5 Library through 1.14.3 has a heap-based buffer overflow in H5D__scatter_mem in H5Dscatgath.c.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-33873"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-122"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-05-14T15:38:09Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "HDF5 Library through 1.14.3 has a heap-based buffer overflow in H5D__scatter_mem in H5Dscatgath.c.",
"id": "GHSA-574f-9862-pvrw",
"modified": "2024-07-03T18:40:47Z",
"published": "2024-05-14T18:30:48Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-33873"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.hdfgroup.org/2024/05/new-hdf5-cve-issues-fixed-in-1-14-4"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-575M-JFMW-Q76C
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-07-24 21:32 – Updated: 2026-07-24 21:32FFmpeg through 8.1.2, fixed in commit 5d7112c, contains a heap out-of-bounds write vulnerability in the vf_hqdn3d filter that allows attackers to corrupt heap memory by supplying a crafted video whose frame resolution increases between frames when filtergraph reinitialization is disabled via the -reinit_filter 0 option. Attackers can provide a malicious video input where vf_hqdn3d.config_input() allocates undersized per-plane line-history buffers based on the initial frame width, and subsequent larger frames cause denoise_spatial() to write beyond the allocation boundary, resulting in heap memory corruption.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-66036"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-122"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-07-24T20:18:20Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "FFmpeg through 8.1.2, fixed in commit 5d7112c, contains a heap out-of-bounds write vulnerability in the vf_hqdn3d filter that allows attackers to corrupt heap memory by supplying a crafted video whose frame resolution increases between frames when filtergraph reinitialization is disabled via the -reinit_filter 0 option. Attackers can provide a malicious video input where vf_hqdn3d.config_input() allocates undersized per-plane line-history buffers based on the initial frame width, and subsequent larger frames cause denoise_spatial() to write beyond the allocation boundary, resulting in heap memory corruption.",
"id": "GHSA-575m-jfmw-q76c",
"modified": "2026-07-24T21:32:22Z",
"published": "2026-07-24T21:32:22Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-66036"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://code.ffmpeg.org/FFmpeg/FFmpeg/commit/5d7112c60e6f0f0742ce47d448e6da0718a70f4c"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://code.ffmpeg.org/FFmpeg/FFmpeg/pulls/23783"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/ffmpeg-heap-out-of-bounds-write-in-vf-hqdn3d-filter"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:P/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-57CQ-JGQ2-X7VG
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-08-21 21:30 – Updated: 2024-08-22 15:31Heap buffer overflow in Fonts in Google Chrome prior to 128.0.6613.84 allowed a remote attacker to potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-7967"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-122",
"CWE-787",
"CWE-79"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-08-21T21:15:09Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Heap buffer overflow in Fonts in Google Chrome prior to 128.0.6613.84 allowed a remote attacker to potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: High)",
"id": "GHSA-57cq-jgq2-x7vg",
"modified": "2024-08-22T15:31:18Z",
"published": "2024-08-21T21:30:46Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-7967"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://chromereleases.googleblog.com/2024/08/stable-channel-update-for-desktop_21.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://issues.chromium.org/issues/355731798"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-57H3-858X-52WQ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-08-25 15:32 – Updated: 2025-11-03 21:34A heap-based buffer overflow vulnerability exists in the MFER parsing functionality of The Biosig Project libbiosig 3.9.0 and Master Branch (35a819fa). A specially crafted MFER file can lead to arbitrary code execution. An attacker can provide a malicious file to trigger this vulnerability.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-53557"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-122"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-08-25T14:15:32Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "A heap-based buffer overflow vulnerability exists in the MFER parsing functionality of The Biosig Project libbiosig 3.9.0 and Master Branch (35a819fa). A specially crafted MFER file can lead to arbitrary code execution. An attacker can provide a malicious file to trigger this vulnerability.",
"id": "GHSA-57h3-858x-52wq",
"modified": "2025-11-03T21:34:23Z",
"published": "2025-08-25T15:32:00Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-53557"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_reports/TALOS-2025-2235"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_reports/TALOS-2025-2235"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-57HV-HVRF-MC7W
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-05-14 18:31 – Updated: 2024-05-14 18:31Win32k Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-30038"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-122"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-05-14T17:17:10Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Win32k Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability",
"id": "GHSA-57hv-hvrf-mc7w",
"modified": "2024-05-14T18:31:04Z",
"published": "2024-05-14T18:31:04Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-30038"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2024-30038"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-57JJ-WRX7-W966
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-06-09 18:31 – Updated: 2026-06-09 18:31InCopy versions 21.3, 20.5.3 and earlier are affected by a Heap-based Buffer Overflow vulnerability that could result in arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a victim must open a malicious file.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-34707"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-122"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-06-09T18:16:43Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "InCopy versions 21.3, 20.5.3 and earlier are affected by a Heap-based Buffer Overflow vulnerability that could result in arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a victim must open a malicious file.",
"id": "GHSA-57jj-wrx7-w966",
"modified": "2026-06-09T18:31:03Z",
"published": "2026-06-09T18:31:03Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-34707"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://helpx.adobe.com/security/products/incopy/apsb26-59.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation
Pre-design: Use a language or compiler that performs automatic bounds checking.
Mitigation
Use an abstraction library to abstract away risky APIs. Not a complete solution.
Mitigation MIT-10
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
- D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
Mitigation MIT-11
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
- Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
- For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
Mitigation
Implement and perform bounds checking on input.
Mitigation
Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks
Do not use dangerous functions such as gets. Look for their safe equivalent, which checks for the boundary.
Mitigation
Use OS-level preventative functionality. This is not a complete solution, but it provides some defense in depth.
CAPEC-92: Forced Integer Overflow
This attack forces an integer variable to go out of range. The integer variable is often used as an offset such as size of memory allocation or similarly. The attacker would typically control the value of such variable and try to get it out of range. For instance the integer in question is incremented past the maximum possible value, it may wrap to become a very small, or negative number, therefore providing a very incorrect value which can lead to unexpected behavior. At worst the attacker can execute arbitrary code.