Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-121
AllowedStack-based Buffer Overflow
Abstraction: Variant · Status: Draft
A stack-based buffer overflow condition is a condition where the buffer being overwritten is allocated on the stack (i.e., is a local variable or, rarely, a parameter to a function).
5209 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
CVE-2025-23284 (GCVE-0-2025-23284)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-08-02 22:16 – Updated: 2026-02-26 17:50
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Summary
NVIDIA vGPU software contains a vulnerability in the Virtual GPU Manager, where a malicious guest could cause a stack buffer overflow. A successful exploit of this vulnerability might lead to code execution, denial of service, information disclosure, or data tampering.
Severity
7.8 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| NVIDIA | GPU Display Drivers |
Affected:
R570
|
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CVE-2025-23283 (GCVE-0-2025-23283)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-08-02 22:13 – Updated: 2026-02-26 17:50
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Summary
NVIDIA vGPU software for Linux-style hypervisors contains a vulnerability in the Virtual GPU Manager, where a malicious guest could cause stack buffer overflow. A successful exploit of this vulnerability might lead to code execution, denial of service, escalation of privileges, information disclosure, or data tampering.
Severity
7.8 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| NVIDIA | GPU Display Drivers |
Affected:
R535, R570
|
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CVE-2025-22467 (GCVE-0-2025-22467)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-02-11 15:20 – Updated: 2026-02-26 19:09
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Summary
A stack-based buffer overflow in Ivanti Connect Secure before version 22.7R2.6 allows a remote authenticated attacker to achieve remote code execution.
Severity
9.9 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-121 - Stack-based Buffer Overflow
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ivanti | Connect Secure |
Unaffected:
22.7R2.6
(custom)
|
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CVE-2025-22457 (GCVE-0-2025-22457)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-04-03 15:20 – Updated: 2026-02-26 18:28
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Summary
A stack-based buffer overflow in Ivanti Connect Secure before version 22.7R2.6, Ivanti Policy Secure before version 22.7R1.4, and Ivanti ZTA Gateways before version 22.8R2.2 allows a remote unauthenticated attacker to achieve remote code execution.
Severity
9 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: active
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-121 - Stack-based Buffer Overflow
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://forums.ivanti.com/s/article/April-Securit… | |
| https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilit… | government-resource |
Impacted products
3 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ivanti | Connect Secure |
Unaffected:
22.7R2.6
(custom)
|
|
| Ivanti | Policy Secure |
Unaffected:
22.7R1.4
(custom)
|
|
| Ivanti | Neurons for ZTA gateways |
Unaffected:
22.8R2.2
(custom)
|
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CVE-2025-21163 (GCVE-0-2025-21163)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-02-11 17:27 – Updated: 2026-02-26 19:09
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Illustrator | Stack-based Buffer Overflow (CWE-121)
Summary
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Severity
7.8 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-121 - Stack-based Buffer Overflow (CWE-121)
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://helpx.adobe.com/security/products/illustr… | vendor-advisory |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Adobe | Illustrator |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 28.7.3
(semver)
|
Date Public
2025-02-11 17:00
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CVE-2025-21128 (GCVE-0-2025-21128)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-01-14 18:58 – Updated: 2025-02-12 20:31
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Substance3D - Stager | Stack-based Buffer Overflow (CWE-121)
Summary
Substance3D - Stager versions 3.0.4 and earlier are affected by a Stack-based Buffer Overflow vulnerability that could result in arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a victim must open a malicious file.
Severity
7.8 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-121 - Stack-based Buffer Overflow (CWE-121)
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://helpx.adobe.com/security/products/substan… | vendor-advisory |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Adobe | Substance3D - Stager |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 3.0.4
(semver)
|
Date Public
2025-01-14 17:00
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CVE-2025-20797 (GCVE-0-2025-20797)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-01-06 01:46 – Updated: 2026-03-30 13:04
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Summary
In battery, there is a possible out of bounds write due to a missing bounds check. This could lead to local escalation of privilege if a malicious actor has already obtained the System privilege. User interaction is not needed for exploitation. Patch ID: ALPS10315812; Issue ID: MSV-5534.
Severity
7.8 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-121 - Stack Overflow
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| MediaTek, Inc. | MediaTek chipset |
Affected:
MT2718
Affected: MT6765 Affected: MT6768 Affected: MT6781 Affected: MT6833 Affected: MT6835 Affected: MT6853 Affected: MT6855 Affected: MT6877 Affected: MT6879 Affected: MT6893 Affected: MT6985 Affected: MT6989 Affected: MT6991 Affected: MT8186 Affected: MT8188 Affected: MT8196 Affected: MT8367 Affected: MT8391 Affected: MT8676 Affected: MT8678 Affected: MT8696 Affected: MT8766 Affected: MT8768 Affected: MT8781 Affected: MT8786 Affected: MT8788E Affected: MT8791T Affected: MT8792 Affected: MT8793 Affected: MT8796 Affected: MT8873 Affected: MT8883 Affected: MT8893 |
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CVE-2025-20794 (GCVE-0-2025-20794)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-01-06 01:46 – Updated: 2026-03-30 13:03
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Summary
In Modem, there is a possible system crash due to improper input validation. This could lead to remote denial of service, if a UE has connected to a rogue base station controlled by the attacker, with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation. Patch ID: MOLY01689259 / MOLY01586470; Issue ID: MSV-4847.
Severity
6.5 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-121 - Stack Overflow
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| MediaTek, Inc. | MediaTek chipset |
Affected:
MT2735
Affected: MT2737 Affected: MT6813 Affected: MT6815 Affected: MT6833 Affected: MT6835 Affected: MT6853 Affected: MT6855 Affected: MT6873 Affected: MT6875 Affected: MT6877 Affected: MT6878 Affected: MT6879 Affected: MT6880 Affected: MT6883 Affected: MT6885 Affected: MT6886 Affected: MT6889 Affected: MT6890 Affected: MT6891 Affected: MT6893 Affected: MT6895 Affected: MT6896 Affected: MT6897 Affected: MT6899 Affected: MT6980 Affected: MT6983 Affected: MT6985 Affected: MT6986 Affected: MT6989 Affected: MT6990 Affected: MT6991 Affected: MT6993 Affected: MT8673 Affected: MT8675 Affected: MT8676 Affected: MT8678 Affected: MT8755 Affected: MT8771 Affected: MT8791 Affected: MT8791T Affected: MT8792 Affected: MT8793 Affected: MT8795T Affected: MT8797 Affected: MT8798 Affected: MT8863 Affected: MT8873 Affected: MT8883 Affected: MT8893 |
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CVE-2025-20769 (GCVE-0-2025-20769)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-12-02 02:34 – Updated: 2026-02-26 16:57
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Summary
In display, there is a possible out of bounds write due to a missing bounds check. This could lead to local escalation of privilege if a malicious actor has already obtained the System privilege. User interaction is not needed for exploitation. Patch ID: ALPS10196993; Issue ID: MSV-4804.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-121 - Stack Overflow
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
1 product
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"version": "2.0.3"
},
"type": "ssvc"
}
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-02-26T16:57:44.784Z",
"orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
"shortName": "CISA-ADP"
},
"title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
}
],
"cna": {
"affected": [
{
"product": "MT2718, MT6739, MT6761, MT6765, MT6768, MT6781, MT6789, MT6833, MT6835, MT6853, MT6855, MT6877, MT6878, MT6879, MT6883, MT6885, MT6886, MT6889, MT6893, MT6895, MT6897, MT6899, MT6983, MT6985, MT6989, MT6991, MT8196, MT8676, MT8678, MT8792, MT8793",
"vendor": "MediaTek, Inc.",
"versions": [
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "Android 14.0, 15.0, 16.0"
}
]
}
],
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "In display, there is a possible out of bounds write due to a missing bounds check. This could lead to local escalation of privilege if a malicious actor has already obtained the System privilege. User interaction is not needed for exploitation. Patch ID: ALPS10196993; Issue ID: MSV-4804."
}
],
"problemTypes": [
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-121",
"description": "CWE-121 Stack Overflow",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2025-12-02T02:34:35.515Z",
"orgId": "ee979b05-11f8-4f25-a7e0-a1fa9c190374",
"shortName": "MediaTek"
},
"references": [
{
"url": "https://corp.mediatek.com/product-security-bulletin/December-2025"
}
]
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "ee979b05-11f8-4f25-a7e0-a1fa9c190374",
"assignerShortName": "MediaTek",
"cveId": "CVE-2025-20769",
"datePublished": "2025-12-02T02:34:35.515Z",
"dateReserved": "2024-11-01T01:21:50.399Z",
"dateUpdated": "2026-02-26T16:57:44.784Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.2"
}
CVE-2025-20749 (GCVE-0-2025-20749)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-11-04 06:20 – Updated: 2026-02-26 17:47
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Summary
In charger, there is a possible out of bounds write due to a missing bounds check. This could lead to local escalation of privilege if a malicious actor has already obtained the System privilege. User interaction is not needed for exploitation. Patch ID: ALPS09915493; Issue ID: MSV-3800.
Severity
6.7 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-121 - Stack Overflow
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| MediaTek, Inc. | MT6789, MT6835, MT6855, MT6878, MT6879, MT6886, MT6897, MT6899, MT6983, MT6985, MT6989, MT6991, MT8169, MT8188, MT8195, MT8196, MT8781, MT8796 |
Affected:
Android 14.0, 15.0, 16.0
|
{
"containers": {
"adp": [
{
"metrics": [
{
"cvssV3_1": {
"attackComplexity": "LOW",
"attackVector": "LOCAL",
"availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
"baseScore": 6.7,
"baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
"confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
"integrityImpact": "HIGH",
"privilegesRequired": "HIGH",
"scope": "UNCHANGED",
"userInteraction": "NONE",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"version": "3.1"
}
},
{
"other": {
"content": {
"id": "CVE-2025-20749",
"options": [
{
"Exploitation": "none"
},
{
"Automatable": "no"
},
{
"Technical Impact": "total"
}
],
"role": "CISA Coordinator",
"timestamp": "2025-11-05T04:55:29.072232Z",
"version": "2.0.3"
},
"type": "ssvc"
}
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-02-26T17:47:19.762Z",
"orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
"shortName": "CISA-ADP"
},
"title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
}
],
"cna": {
"affected": [
{
"product": "MT6789, MT6835, MT6855, MT6878, MT6879, MT6886, MT6897, MT6899, MT6983, MT6985, MT6989, MT6991, MT8169, MT8188, MT8195, MT8196, MT8781, MT8796",
"vendor": "MediaTek, Inc.",
"versions": [
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "Android 14.0, 15.0, 16.0"
}
]
}
],
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "In charger, there is a possible out of bounds write due to a missing bounds check. This could lead to local escalation of privilege if a malicious actor has already obtained the System privilege. User interaction is not needed for exploitation. Patch ID: ALPS09915493; Issue ID: MSV-3800."
}
],
"problemTypes": [
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-121",
"description": "CWE-121 Stack Overflow",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2025-11-04T06:20:51.979Z",
"orgId": "ee979b05-11f8-4f25-a7e0-a1fa9c190374",
"shortName": "MediaTek"
},
"references": [
{
"url": "https://corp.mediatek.com/product-security-bulletin/November-2025"
}
]
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "ee979b05-11f8-4f25-a7e0-a1fa9c190374",
"assignerShortName": "MediaTek",
"cveId": "CVE-2025-20749",
"datePublished": "2025-11-04T06:20:51.979Z",
"dateReserved": "2024-11-01T01:21:50.396Z",
"dateUpdated": "2026-02-26T17:47:19.762Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.2"
}
Mitigation MIT-10
Operation
Build and Compilation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
- D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design
Use an abstraction library to abstract away risky APIs. Not a complete solution.
Mitigation
Implementation
Implement and perform bounds checking on input.
Mitigation
Implementation
Do not use dangerous functions such as gets. Use safer, equivalent functions which check for boundary errors.
Mitigation MIT-11
Operation
Build and Compilation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
- Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
- For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.