Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-121
AllowedStack-based Buffer Overflow
Abstraction: Variant · Status: Draft
A stack-based buffer overflow condition is a condition where the buffer being overwritten is allocated on the stack (i.e., is a local variable or, rarely, a parameter to a function).
5833 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-MPVX-G3X3-756V
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-03-01 03:30 – Updated: 2024-03-01 03:30
VLAI
Details
Delta Electronics CNCSoft-B versions 1.0.0.4 and prior are vulnerable to a stack-based buffer overflow, which may allow an attacker to execute arbitrary code.
Severity
7.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-1941"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-03-01T01:15:07Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "\nDelta Electronics CNCSoft-B versions 1.0.0.4 and prior are vulnerable to a stack-based buffer overflow, which may allow an attacker to execute arbitrary code.\n\n",
"id": "GHSA-mpvx-g3x3-756v",
"modified": "2024-03-01T03:30:34Z",
"published": "2024-03-01T03:30:34Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-1941"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.cisa.gov/news-events/ics-advisories/icsa-24-060-01"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-MQ3Q-F49J-4FJG
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-03-27 03:31 – Updated: 2025-11-04 21:31
VLAI
Details
A stack buffer overflow occurs in net/at/src/at_server.c in RT-Thread through 5.0.2.
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-25393"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-03-27T03:15:11Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "A stack buffer overflow occurs in net/at/src/at_server.c in RT-Thread through 5.0.2.",
"id": "GHSA-mq3q-f49j-4fjg",
"modified": "2025-11-04T21:31:21Z",
"published": "2024-03-27T03:31:17Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-25393"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/RT-Thread/rt-thread/issues/8288"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/hnsecurity/vulns/blob/main/HNS-2024-05-rt-thread.txt"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2024/Mar/28"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.humanativaspa.it/multiple-vulnerabilities-in-rt-thread-rtos"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2024/Mar/28"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2024/03/05/1"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-MQ89-7CWQ-CHFG
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-09-16 21:30 – Updated: 2024-09-18 18:30
VLAI
Details
The HTTPD binary in multiple ZTE routers has a stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability in rsa_decrypt function. This function is an API wrapper for LUA to decrypt RSA encrypted ciphertext, the decrypted data is stored on the stack without checking its length. An authenticated attacker can get RCE as root by exploiting this vulnerability.
Severity
8.1 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-45413"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-09-16T21:15:45Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "The HTTPD binary in multiple ZTE routers has a stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability in rsa_decrypt function. This function is an API wrapper for LUA to decrypt RSA encrypted ciphertext, the decrypted data is stored on the stack without checking its length. An authenticated attacker can get RCE as root by exploiting this vulnerability.",
"id": "GHSA-mq89-7cwq-chfg",
"modified": "2024-09-18T18:30:50Z",
"published": "2024-09-16T21:30:38Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-45413"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://wr3nchsr.github.io/zte-multiple-routers-httpd-vulnerabilities-advisory"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-MQFP-H6WG-WPP3
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-08-25 18:31 – Updated: 2026-08-25 18:31
VLAI
Details
Substance3D - Sampler is affected by a Stack-based Buffer Overflow vulnerability that could result in arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a victim must open a malicious file.
Severity
7.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-48417"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-08-25T18:17:52Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Substance3D - Sampler is affected by a Stack-based Buffer Overflow vulnerability that could result in arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a victim must open a malicious file.",
"id": "GHSA-mqfp-h6wg-wpp3",
"modified": "2026-08-25T18:31:57Z",
"published": "2026-08-25T18:31:57Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-48417"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://helpx.adobe.com/security/products/substance3d-sampler/apsb26-121.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-MQH3-R83Q-28JH
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-05-20 15:30 – Updated: 2025-05-20 18:30
VLAI
Details
TOTOLINK A3002R v4.0.0-B20230531.1404 was discovered to contain a buffer overflow via the interfacenameds parameter in the formDhcpv6s interface.
Severity
6.5 (Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-45862"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-05-20T14:15:49Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "TOTOLINK A3002R v4.0.0-B20230531.1404 was discovered to contain a buffer overflow via the interfacenameds parameter in the formDhcpv6s interface.",
"id": "GHSA-mqh3-r83q-28jh",
"modified": "2025-05-20T18:30:53Z",
"published": "2025-05-20T15:30:40Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-45862"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/Jiangxiazhe/IOT_hack/blob/main/TOTOLINK/A3002R/7/overflow.md"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.totolink.net/home/menu/detail/menu_listtpl/download/id/258/ids/36.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-MQPV-GCV6-R5W9
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-02-11 21:30 – Updated: 2026-02-11 21:30
VLAI
Details
NetShareWatcher 1.5.8.0 contains a buffer overflow vulnerability in the registration key input that allows attackers to crash the application by supplying oversized input. Attackers can generate a 1000-character payload and paste it into the registration key field to trigger an application crash.
Severity
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2020-37200"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-02-11T21:16:14Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "NetShareWatcher 1.5.8.0 contains a buffer overflow vulnerability in the registration key input that allows attackers to crash the application by supplying oversized input. Attackers can generate a 1000-character payload and paste it into the registration key field to trigger an application crash.",
"id": "GHSA-mqpv-gcv6-r5w9",
"modified": "2026-02-11T21:30:41Z",
"published": "2026-02-11T21:30:41Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-37200"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/47860"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/netsharewatcher-key-denial-of-service"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.nsauditor.com"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:A/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-MQQ7-J9MQ-9JWQ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-07-22 18:32 – Updated: 2026-07-22 18:32
VLAI
Details
FFmpeg versions 8.0 through 8.1.2 contains a stack buffer overflow vulnerability in the Vulkan HEVC hardware decoder that allows remote attackers to overwrite return addresses and adjacent stack frames by supplying a crafted HEVC/H.265 bitstream. Attackers can embed a malicious vps_num_hrd_parameters value exceeding HEVC_MAX_SUB_LAYERS in any supported container format to overflow stack-allocated arrays in the vk_hevc_end_frame function, potentially achieving arbitrary code execution.
Severity
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-64831"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-07-22T17:16:58Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "FFmpeg versions 8.0 through 8.1.2 contains a stack buffer overflow vulnerability in the Vulkan HEVC hardware decoder that allows remote attackers to overwrite return addresses and adjacent stack frames by supplying a crafted HEVC/H.265 bitstream. Attackers can embed a malicious vps_num_hrd_parameters value exceeding HEVC_MAX_SUB_LAYERS in any supported container format to overflow stack-allocated arrays in the vk_hevc_end_frame function, potentially achieving arbitrary code execution.",
"id": "GHSA-mqq7-j9mq-9jwq",
"modified": "2026-07-22T18:32:39Z",
"published": "2026-07-22T18:32:39Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-64831"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://code.ffmpeg.org/FFmpeg/FFmpeg/commit/92737390dc133daadce47dd7d2ec8ef3d9ebcbed"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://code.ffmpeg.org/FFmpeg/FFmpeg/pulls/23665"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/ffmpeg-stack-buffer-overflow-in-vulkan-hevc-decoder"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-MQR4-HR64-MRC9
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-05-06 18:30 – Updated: 2025-05-06 21:30
VLAI
Details
In Tenda RX3 V1.0br_V16.03.13.11 in the GetParentControlInfo function of the web url /goform/GetParentControlInfo, the manipulation of the parameter mac leads to stack overflow.
Severity
6.5 (Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-44900"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-05-06T18:15:38Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "In Tenda RX3 V1.0br_V16.03.13.11 in the GetParentControlInfo function of the web url /goform/GetParentControlInfo, the manipulation of the parameter mac leads to stack overflow.",
"id": "GHSA-mqr4-hr64-mrc9",
"modified": "2025-05-06T21:30:48Z",
"published": "2025-05-06T18:30:40Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-44900"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/faqiadegege/IoTVuln/blob/main/tenda_Rx3_GetParentControlInfo_mac_overflow/detail.md"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-MQVG-7J2H-4XX2
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-02-10 15:30 – Updated: 2025-03-24 21:30
VLAI
Details
D-Link N300 WI-FI Router DIR-605L v2.13B01 was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the curTime parameter at /goform/formSetWanDhcpplus.
Severity
8.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-24345"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-02-10T15:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "D-Link N300 WI-FI Router DIR-605L v2.13B01 was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the curTime parameter at /goform/formSetWanDhcpplus.",
"id": "GHSA-mqvg-7j2h-4xx2",
"modified": "2025-03-24T21:30:27Z",
"published": "2023-02-10T15:30:28Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-24345"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/1160300418/Vuls/tree/main/D-Link/DIR-605L/curTime_Vuls/03"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.dlink.com/en/security-bulletin"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-MQWP-H2FF-5C74
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-03-20 18:30 – Updated: 2025-03-21 18:31
VLAI
Details
Tenda AX12 v22.03.01.46_CN was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the sub_43fdcc function at /goform/SetNetControlList.
Severity
6.5 (Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-29215"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-03-20T18:15:18Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Tenda AX12 v22.03.01.46_CN was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the sub_43fdcc function at /goform/SetNetControlList.",
"id": "GHSA-mqwp-h2ff-5c74",
"modified": "2025-03-21T18:31:35Z",
"published": "2025-03-20T18:30:31Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-29215"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://gist.github.com/isstabber/a42b32a7dcd401d79c5866247329cddd"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/isstabber/my_VulnHub/blob/main/Tenda/AX12/tenda_ax12v1_setnetcontrollist_stack_overflow.pdf"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation MIT-10
Operation
Build and Compilation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
- D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design
Use an abstraction library to abstract away risky APIs. Not a complete solution.
Mitigation
Implementation
Implement and perform bounds checking on input.
Mitigation
Implementation
Do not use dangerous functions such as gets. Use safer, equivalent functions which check for boundary errors.
Mitigation MIT-11
Operation
Build and Compilation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
- Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
- For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.