CWE-121
AllowedStack-based Buffer Overflow
Abstraction: Variant · Status: Draft
A stack-based buffer overflow condition is a condition where the buffer being overwritten is allocated on the stack (i.e., is a local variable or, rarely, a parameter to a function).
5820 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-J39V-QJH2-5WQG
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-09-08 18:33 – Updated: 2026-09-09 06:31An insufficient input validation vulnerability in the listed NETGEAR RAX series models allows a network-adjacent attacker having network access (such as WiFi credentials) to crash the router's management UI. There is no confidentiality or integrity impact. A crash of the router's management UI does not impact the availability of the router's core services like WiFi network.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-9216"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-09-08T18:21:18Z",
"severity": "LOW"
},
"details": "An insufficient input validation vulnerability in the listed NETGEAR RAX series models allows a network-adjacent attacker having network access (such as WiFi credentials) to crash the router\u0027s management UI. There is no confidentiality or integrity impact. A crash of the router\u0027s management UI does not impact the availability of the router\u0027s core services like WiFi network.",
"id": "GHSA-j39v-qjh2-5wqg",
"modified": "2026-09-09T06:31:36Z",
"published": "2026-09-08T18:33:40Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-9216"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://kb.netgear.com/000070912/September-2026-NETGEAR-Security-Advisory"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.netgear.com/support/product/rax30"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.netgear.com/support/product/rax35"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.netgear.com/support/product/rax38"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.netgear.com/support/product/rax40"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.netgear.com/support/product/raxe300"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:A/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:U/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:Y/R:A/V:D/RE:L/U:Amber",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-J3CP-7WH4-9F6C
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-10-15 15:30 – Updated: 2026-03-31 18:31When a BIG-IP APM Access Policy is configured on a virtual server, undisclosed traffic can cause TMM to terminate.
Note: Software versions which have reached End of Technical Support (EoTS) are not evaluated.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-53521"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121",
"CWE-770"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-10-15T14:15:48Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "When a BIG-IP APM Access Policy is configured on a virtual server, undisclosed traffic can cause TMM to terminate.\u00a0\u00a0\n\nNote: Software versions which have reached End of Technical Support (EoTS) are not evaluated.",
"id": "GHSA-j3cp-7wh4-9f6c",
"modified": "2026-03-31T18:31:25Z",
"published": "2025-10-15T15:30:28Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-53521"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://my.f5.com/manage/s/article/K000156741"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2025-53521"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-J3GR-CVWW-7M69
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-01-30 21:31 – Updated: 2025-01-30 21:31AutomationDirect C-More EA9 EAP9 File Parsing Stack-based Buffer Overflow Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of AutomationDirect C-More EA9. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file.
The specific flaw exists within the parsing of EAP9 files. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of the length of user-supplied data prior to copying it to a fixed-length stack-based buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-24772.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-11609"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-01-30T21:15:13Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "AutomationDirect C-More EA9 EAP9 File Parsing Stack-based Buffer Overflow Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of AutomationDirect C-More EA9. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file.\n\nThe specific flaw exists within the parsing of EAP9 files. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of the length of user-supplied data prior to copying it to a fixed-length stack-based buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-24772.",
"id": "GHSA-j3gr-cvww-7m69",
"modified": "2025-01-30T21:31:23Z",
"published": "2025-01-30T21:31:23Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-11609"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://certvde.com/en/bulletins/bulletins/2182-automationdirect-c-more-ea9-programming-software"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-24-1673"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-J3PJ-94WW-QQ3J
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:02 – Updated: 2022-05-24 19:02Omron CX-One Versions 4.60 and prior, including CX-Server Versions 5.0.29.0 and prior, are vulnerable to a stack-based buffer overflow, which may allow an attacker to execute arbitrary code.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-27413"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-05-13T19:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Omron CX-One Versions 4.60 and prior, including CX-Server Versions 5.0.29.0 and prior, are vulnerable to a stack-based buffer overflow, which may allow an attacker to execute arbitrary code.",
"id": "GHSA-j3pj-94ww-qq3j",
"modified": "2022-05-24T19:02:18Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T19:02:18Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-27413"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://us-cert.cisa.gov/ics/advisories/icsa-21-131-01"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-21-588"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-J42J-C3JQ-27M8
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-05-03 03:30 – Updated: 2024-05-03 03:30D-Link DAP-2622 DDP Change ID Password Auth Password Stack-based Buffer Overflow Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows network-adjacent attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of D-Link DAP-2622 routers. Authentication is not required to exploit this vulnerability.
The specific flaw exists within the DDP service. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of the length of user-supplied data prior to copying it to a fixed-length stack-based buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of root. Was ZDI-CAN-20061.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-35718"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-05-03T02:15:34Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "D-Link DAP-2622 DDP Change ID Password Auth Password Stack-based Buffer Overflow Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows network-adjacent attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of D-Link DAP-2622 routers. Authentication is not required to exploit this vulnerability.\n\nThe specific flaw exists within the DDP service. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of the length of user-supplied data prior to copying it to a fixed-length stack-based buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of root. Was ZDI-CAN-20061.",
"id": "GHSA-j42j-c3jq-27m8",
"modified": "2024-05-03T03:30:52Z",
"published": "2024-05-03T03:30:52Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-35718"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://supportannouncement.us.dlink.com/announcement/publication.aspx?name=SAP10343"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-23-896"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-J46M-35MG-WHVF
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-05-03 03:31 – Updated: 2024-05-03 03:31D-Link DIR-3040 prog.cgi SetQuickVPNSettings Password Stack-Based Buffer Overflow Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows network-adjacent attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of D-Link DIR-3040 routers. Authentication is required to exploit this vulnerability.
The specific flaw exists within the prog.cgi binary, which handles HNAP requests made to the lighttpd webserver listening on TCP ports 80 and 443. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of a user-supplied string before copying it to a fixed-length stack-based buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of root. Was ZDI-CAN-21617.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-41217"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-05-03T03:15:33Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "D-Link DIR-3040 prog.cgi SetQuickVPNSettings Password Stack-Based Buffer Overflow Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows network-adjacent attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of D-Link DIR-3040 routers. Authentication is required to exploit this vulnerability.\n\nThe specific flaw exists within the prog.cgi binary, which handles HNAP requests made to the lighttpd webserver listening on TCP ports 80 and 443. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of a user-supplied string before copying it to a fixed-length stack-based buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of root. Was ZDI-CAN-21617.",
"id": "GHSA-j46m-35mg-whvf",
"modified": "2024-05-03T03:31:00Z",
"published": "2024-05-03T03:31:00Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-41217"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://supportannouncement.us.dlink.com/announcement/publication.aspx?name=SAP10350"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-23-1325"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:A/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-J478-R957-H872
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-11-13 21:31 – Updated: 2025-11-14 18:31A stack buffer overflow vulnerability exists in the D-Link DIR-878A1 router firmware FW101B04.bin in the rc binary's USB storage handling module. The vulnerability occurs when the "Serial Number" field from a USB device is read via sscanf into a 64-byte stack buffer, while fgets reads up to 127 bytes, causing a stack overflow. An attacker with physical access or control over a USB device can exploit this vulnerability to potentially execute arbitrary code on the device.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-60674"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-11-13T19:15:48Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A stack buffer overflow vulnerability exists in the D-Link DIR-878A1 router firmware FW101B04.bin in the rc binary\u0027s USB storage handling module. The vulnerability occurs when the \"Serial Number\" field from a USB device is read via sscanf into a 64-byte stack buffer, while fgets reads up to 127 bytes, causing a stack overflow. An attacker with physical access or control over a USB device can exploit this vulnerability to potentially execute arbitrary code on the device.",
"id": "GHSA-j478-r957-h872",
"modified": "2025-11-14T18:31:34Z",
"published": "2025-11-13T21:31:19Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-60674"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/yifan20020708/SGTaint-0-day/blob/main/DLink/DLink-DIR-878/CVE-2025-60674.md"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.dlink.com/en"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.dlink.com/en/security-bulletin"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://d-link.com"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:P/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-J48M-433V-3Q7R
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-03-20 18:30 – Updated: 2026-01-20 21:31D-Link DSL-3788 revA1 1.01R1B036_EU_EN is vulnerable to Buffer Overflow via the COMM_MAKECustomMsg function of the webproc cgi
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-57440"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-03-20T17:15:37Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "D-Link DSL-3788 revA1 1.01R1B036_EU_EN is vulnerable to Buffer Overflow via the COMM_MAKECustomMsg function of the webproc cgi",
"id": "GHSA-j48m-433v-3q7r",
"modified": "2026-01-20T21:31:29Z",
"published": "2025-03-20T18:30:30Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-57440"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://blog.sparrrgh.me/fuzzing/embedded/2025/01/26/fuzzing-embedded-systems-2.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://supportannouncement.us.dlink.com/security/publication.aspx?name=SAP10418"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.dlink.com/en/security-bulletin"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-J4J8-JPHM-RF4Q
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-10-13 12:31 – Updated: 2025-10-13 12:31A stack buffer overflow has been identified in the AsIO3.sys driver. This vulnerability can be triggered by input manipulation, may leading to a system crash (BSOD) or other potentially undefined execution. Refer to the 'Security Update for Armoury Crate App' section on the ASUS Security Advisory for more information.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-9336"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-10-13T10:15:46Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A stack buffer overflow has been identified in the AsIO3.sys driver. This vulnerability can be triggered by input manipulation, may leading to a system crash (BSOD) or other potentially undefined execution. \nRefer to the \u0027Security Update for Armoury Crate App\u0027 section on the ASUS Security Advisory for more information.",
"id": "GHSA-j4j8-jphm-rf4q",
"modified": "2025-10-13T12:31:11Z",
"published": "2025-10-13T12:31:11Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-9336"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.asus.com/security-advisory"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-J4J9-GR8R-6QX2
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-01-09 09:30 – Updated: 2024-01-12 21:30A stack-based buffer overflow was discovered on TRENDnet TV-IP1314PI 5.5.3 200714 devices, leading to arbitrary command execution. This occurs because of lack of length validation during an sscanf of a user-entered scale field in the RTSP playback function of davinci.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-49236"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-01-09T09:15:42Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "A stack-based buffer overflow was discovered on TRENDnet TV-IP1314PI 5.5.3 200714 devices, leading to arbitrary command execution. This occurs because of lack of length validation during an sscanf of a user-entered scale field in the RTSP playback function of davinci.",
"id": "GHSA-j4j9-gr8r-6qx2",
"modified": "2024-01-12T21:30:19Z",
"published": "2024-01-09T09:30:29Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-49236"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://drive.google.com/file/d/1lTloBkH_7zAz1ZbFVSZnfpoPd81aPaHx/view?usp=sharing"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/pcsle37/TRENDnet/blob/main/TRENDnet_vul.pdf"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation MIT-10
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
- D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
Mitigation
Use an abstraction library to abstract away risky APIs. Not a complete solution.
Mitigation
Implement and perform bounds checking on input.
Mitigation
Do not use dangerous functions such as gets. Use safer, equivalent functions which check for boundary errors.
Mitigation MIT-11
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
- Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
- For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.