CWE-121
AllowedStack-based Buffer Overflow
Abstraction: Variant · Status: Draft
A stack-based buffer overflow condition is a condition where the buffer being overwritten is allocated on the stack (i.e., is a local variable or, rarely, a parameter to a function).
5207 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-P678-R7CM-66FH
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-10-25 18:32 – Updated: 2024-04-04 08:56TOTOLINK X2000R Gh v1.0.0-B20230221.0948.web was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the function formIpQoS.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-46563"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-10-25T18:17:39Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "TOTOLINK X2000R Gh v1.0.0-B20230221.0948.web was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the function formIpQoS.",
"id": "GHSA-p678-r7cm-66fh",
"modified": "2024-04-04T08:56:36Z",
"published": "2023-10-25T18:32:25Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-46563"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/XYIYM/Digging/blob/main/TOTOLINK/X2000R/7/1.md"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://totolink.cn/home/menu/detail.html?menu_listtpl=download\u0026id=85\u0026ids=36"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-P67G-MW2C-3764
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-08-21 21:32 – Updated: 2025-08-21 21:32gAlan 0.2.1, a modular audio processing environment for Windows, is vulnerable to a stack-based buffer overflow when parsing .galan files. The application fails to properly validate the length of input data, allowing a specially crafted file to overwrite the stack and execute arbitrary code. Exploitation requires local interaction, typically by convincing a user to open the malicious file.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2009-20004"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-08-21T21:15:33Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "gAlan 0.2.1, a modular audio processing environment for Windows, is vulnerable to a stack-based buffer overflow when parsing .galan files. The application fails to properly validate the length of input data, allowing a specially crafted file to overwrite the stack and execute arbitrary code. Exploitation requires local interaction, typically by convincing a user to open the malicious file.",
"id": "GHSA-p67g-mw2c-3764",
"modified": "2025-08-21T21:32:07Z",
"published": "2025-08-21T21:32:07Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2009-20004"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/rapid7/metasploit-framework/master/modules/exploits/windows/fileformat/galan_fileformat_bof.rb"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20101210055252/http://galan.sourceforge.net"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/10339"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/10345"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/16664"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.fortiguard.com/encyclopedia/ips/18034/galan-galan-file-stack-overflow"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/galan-buffer-overflow"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:A/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-P682-W72J-447W
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 16:46 – Updated: 2024-04-04 00:50A stack buffer overflow exists in one of the Orpak SiteOmat CGI components, allowing for remote code execution. The vulnerability affects all versions prior to 2017-09-25.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2017-14854"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-119",
"CWE-121"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2019-06-03T20:29:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "A stack buffer overflow exists in one of the Orpak SiteOmat CGI components, allowing for remote code execution. The vulnerability affects all versions prior to 2017-09-25.",
"id": "GHSA-p682-w72j-447w",
"modified": "2024-04-04T00:50:37Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T16:46:58Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-14854"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://ics-cert.us-cert.gov/advisories/ICSA-19-122-01"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.orpak.com"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/108167"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-P6CF-XMXH-R962
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:26 – Updated: 2024-01-23 03:31HMS Industrial Networks AB eCatcher all versions prior to 6.5.5. The affected product is vulnerable to a stack-based buffer overflow, which may allow an attacker to remotely execute arbitrary code.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2020-14498"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2020-08-26T14:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "HMS Industrial Networks AB eCatcher all versions prior to 6.5.5. The affected product is vulnerable to a stack-based buffer overflow, which may allow an attacker to remotely execute arbitrary code.",
"id": "GHSA-p6cf-xmxh-r962",
"modified": "2024-01-23T03:31:07Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:26:37Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-14498"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://us-cert.cisa.gov/ics/advisories/icsa-20-210-03"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.hms-networks.com/cybersecurity/security-advisories"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-P6Q2-W3W9-4CJW
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-01-22 15:32 – Updated: 2025-02-07 03:32The NextEPC MME <= 1.0.1 (fixed in commit a8492c9c5bc0a66c6999cb5a263545b32a4109df) contains a stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability in the Emergency Number List decoding method. An attacker may send a NAS message containing an oversized Emergency Number List value to the MME to overwrite the stack with arbitrary bytes. An attacker with a cellphone connection to any base station managed by the MME may exploit this vulnerability without having to authenticate with the LTE core.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-36998"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-01-22T15:15:09Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "The NextEPC MME \u003c= 1.0.1 (fixed in commit a8492c9c5bc0a66c6999cb5a263545b32a4109df) contains a stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability in the Emergency Number List decoding method. An attacker may send a NAS message containing an oversized Emergency Number List value to the MME to overwrite the stack with arbitrary bytes. An attacker with a cellphone connection to any base station managed by the MME may exploit this vulnerability without having to authenticate with the LTE core.",
"id": "GHSA-p6q2-w3w9-4cjw",
"modified": "2025-02-07T03:32:01Z",
"published": "2025-01-22T15:32:34Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-36998"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://cellularsecurity.org/ransacked"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://nextepc.com"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-P74C-HF5M-VP2X
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-12-10 21:30 – Updated: 2024-12-10 21:30InDesign Desktop versions ID19.5, ID18.5.4 and earlier are affected by a Stack-based Buffer Overflow vulnerability that could result in arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a victim must open a malicious file.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-49543"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-12-10T21:15:16Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "InDesign Desktop versions ID19.5, ID18.5.4 and earlier are affected by a Stack-based Buffer Overflow vulnerability that could result in arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a victim must open a malicious file.",
"id": "GHSA-p74c-hf5m-vp2x",
"modified": "2024-12-10T21:30:53Z",
"published": "2024-12-10T21:30:53Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-49543"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://helpx.adobe.com/security/products/indesign/apsb24-97.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-P79R-6QWM-7XG5
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-04-16 21:31 – Updated: 2024-04-16 21:31A vulnerability, which was classified as critical, was found in Tenda W30E 1.0.1.25(633). This affects the function formSetCfm of the file /goform/setcfm. The manipulation of the argument funcpara1 leads to stack-based buffer overflow. It is possible to initiate the attack remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The identifier VDB-260913 was assigned to this vulnerability. NOTE: The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-3879"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-04-16T19:15:08Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A vulnerability, which was classified as critical, was found in Tenda W30E 1.0.1.25(633). This affects the function formSetCfm of the file /goform/setcfm. The manipulation of the argument funcpara1 leads to stack-based buffer overflow. It is possible to initiate the attack remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The identifier VDB-260913 was assigned to this vulnerability. NOTE: The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.",
"id": "GHSA-p79r-6qwm-7xg5",
"modified": "2024-04-16T21:31:28Z",
"published": "2024-04-16T21:31:27Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-3879"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/abcdefg-png/IoT-vulnerable/blob/main/Tenda/W30E/formSetCfm.md"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.260913"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.260913"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?submit.312822"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-P7C5-WHJ7-83VC
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-08-02 12:31 – Updated: 2024-08-02 12:31The specific API in TCBServiSign Windows Version from CHANGING Information Technology does does not properly validate the length of server-side input. When a user visits a spoofed website, unauthenticated remote attackers can cause a stack-based buffer overflow in the TCBServiSign, temporarily disrupting its service.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-40722"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-08-02T11:16:43Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "The specific API in TCBServiSign Windows Version from CHANGING Information Technology does does not properly validate the length of server-side input. When a user visits a spoofed website, unauthenticated remote attackers can cause a stack-based buffer overflow in the TCBServiSign, temporarily disrupting its service.",
"id": "GHSA-p7c5-whj7-83vc",
"modified": "2024-08-02T12:31:43Z",
"published": "2024-08-02T12:31:43Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-40722"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.twcert.org.tw/en/cp-139-7973-e10c6-2.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.twcert.org.tw/tw/cp-132-7967-9efdf-1.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-P7HC-WP5X-PVX7
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-01-26 18:30 – Updated: 2024-01-26 18:30A vulnerability, which was classified as critical, has been found in Tenda AC10U 15.03.06.49_multi_TDE01. This issue affects the function setSmartPowerManagement. The manipulation of the argument time leads to stack-based buffer overflow. The attack may be initiated remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The identifier VDB-252137 was assigned to this vulnerability. NOTE: The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-0932"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-01-26T17:15:11Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A vulnerability, which was classified as critical, has been found in Tenda AC10U 15.03.06.49_multi_TDE01. This issue affects the function setSmartPowerManagement. The manipulation of the argument time leads to stack-based buffer overflow. The attack may be initiated remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The identifier VDB-252137 was assigned to this vulnerability. NOTE: The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.",
"id": "GHSA-p7hc-wp5x-pvx7",
"modified": "2024-01-26T18:30:34Z",
"published": "2024-01-26T18:30:34Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-0932"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/yaoyue123/iot/blob/main/Tenda/AC10U/setSmartPowerManagement.md"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.252137"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.252137"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-P7M8-274H-M4F6
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-03-02 18:31 – Updated: 2026-03-03 21:31An issue was discovered in /goform/WifiWpsStart in Tenda AC6V2.0 V15.03.06.23_multi. The index and mode are controllable. If the conditions are met to sprintf, they will be spliced into tmp. It is worth noting that there is no size check,which leads to a stack overflow vulnerability.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-70252"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-03-02T17:16:28Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "An issue was discovered in /goform/WifiWpsStart in Tenda AC6V2.0 V15.03.06.23_multi. The index and mode are controllable. If the conditions are met to sprintf, they will be spliced into tmp. It is worth noting that there is no size check,which leads to a stack overflow vulnerability.",
"id": "GHSA-p7m8-274h-m4f6",
"modified": "2026-03-03T21:31:13Z",
"published": "2026-03-02T18:31:45Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-70252"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/akuma-QAQ/CVEreport/tree/main/D-link/CVE-2025-70252"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.tenda.com.cn/material/show/2855"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation MIT-10
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
- D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
Mitigation
Use an abstraction library to abstract away risky APIs. Not a complete solution.
Mitigation
Implement and perform bounds checking on input.
Mitigation
Do not use dangerous functions such as gets. Use safer, equivalent functions which check for boundary errors.
Mitigation MIT-11
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
- Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
- For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.