Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-121

Allowed

Stack-based Buffer Overflow

Abstraction: Variant · Status: Draft

A stack-based buffer overflow condition is a condition where the buffer being overwritten is allocated on the stack (i.e., is a local variable or, rarely, a parameter to a function).

5212 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

GHSA-M5CM-FF2V-J4HC

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-04-27 12:30 – Updated: 2024-04-27 12:30
VLAI
Details

A vulnerability has been found in Tenda i21 1.0.0.14(4656) and classified as critical. This vulnerability affects the function formQosManage_auto. The manipulation of the argument ssidIndex leads to stack-based buffer overflow. The attack can be initiated remotely. VDB-262138 is the identifier assigned to this vulnerability. NOTE: The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-4247"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-121",
      "CWE-787"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-04-27T10:15:08Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "A vulnerability has been found in Tenda i21 1.0.0.14(4656) and classified as critical. This vulnerability affects the function formQosManage_auto. The manipulation of the argument ssidIndex leads to stack-based buffer overflow. The attack can be initiated remotely. VDB-262138 is the identifier assigned to this vulnerability. NOTE: The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.",
  "id": "GHSA-m5cm-ff2v-j4hc",
  "modified": "2024-04-27T12:30:29Z",
  "published": "2024-04-27T12:30:29Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-4247"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/abcdefg-png/IoT-vulnerable/blob/main/Tenda/i/i21/formQosManage_auto.md"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.262138"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.262138"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?submit.319832"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-M5F2-69J5-Q9VW

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-05-12 21:31 – Updated: 2026-05-12 21:31
VLAI
Details

Stack-based buffer overflow vulnerabilities exist in several underlying management service components accessed through the command-line interface of the AOS-8 and AOS-10 Operating Systems. An authenticated attacker with administrative privileges could exploit these vulnerabilities by sending specially crafted requests to the affected services. Successful exploitation could allow the attacker to execute arbitrary code with elevated privileges on the underlying operating system.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-44856"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-121"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-05-12T20:16:44Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Stack-based buffer overflow vulnerabilities exist in several underlying management service components accessed through the command-line interface of the AOS-8 and AOS-10 Operating Systems. An authenticated attacker with administrative privileges could exploit these vulnerabilities by sending specially crafted requests to the affected services. Successful exploitation could allow the attacker to execute arbitrary code with elevated privileges on the underlying operating system.",
  "id": "GHSA-m5f2-69j5-q9vw",
  "modified": "2026-05-12T21:31:35Z",
  "published": "2026-05-12T21:31:35Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-44856"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://support.hpe.com/hpesc/public/docDisplay?docId=hpesbnw05048en_us\u0026docLocale=en_US"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-M5J7-2C6M-X5WR

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-05-03 03:31 – Updated: 2024-05-03 03:31
VLAI
Details

D-Link DAP-1325 SetAPLanSettings IPAddr Stack-based Buffer Overflow Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows network-adjacent attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of D-Link DAP-1325 routers. Authentication is not required to exploit this vulnerability.

The specific flaw exists within the handling of XML data provided to the HNAP1 SOAP endpoint. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of the length of user-supplied data prior to copying it to a fixed-length stack-based buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of root. Was ZDI-CAN-18827.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-44408"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-121",
      "CWE-787"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-05-03T03:15:53Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "D-Link DAP-1325 SetAPLanSettings IPAddr Stack-based Buffer Overflow Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows network-adjacent attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of D-Link DAP-1325 routers. Authentication is not required to exploit this vulnerability.\n\nThe specific flaw exists within the handling of XML data provided to the HNAP1 SOAP endpoint. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of the length of user-supplied data prior to copying it to a fixed-length stack-based buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of root. Was ZDI-CAN-18827.",
  "id": "GHSA-m5j7-2c6m-x5wr",
  "modified": "2024-05-03T03:31:04Z",
  "published": "2024-05-03T03:31:04Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-44408"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-23-1506"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-M5Q4-M78H-XJW6

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-03-29 21:30 – Updated: 2023-04-05 15:30
VLAI
Details

This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Bentley MicroStation CONNECT 10.16.02.034. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file. The specific flaw exists within the parsing of OBJ files. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of the length of user-supplied data prior to copying it to a fixed-length stack-based buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-16172.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2022-28305"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-121"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-03-29T19:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Bentley MicroStation CONNECT 10.16.02.034. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file. The specific flaw exists within the parsing of OBJ files. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of the length of user-supplied data prior to copying it to a fixed-length stack-based buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-16172.",
  "id": "GHSA-m5q4-m78h-xjw6",
  "modified": "2023-04-05T15:30:24Z",
  "published": "2023-03-29T21:30:22Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-28305"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.bentley.com/en/common-vulnerability-exposure/be-2022-0008"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-22-593"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-M63P-VCGH-3H5G

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-12-11 18:30 – Updated: 2025-12-11 18:30
VLAI
Details

Several stack-based buffer overflow vulnerabilities exists in the MFER parsing functionality of The Biosig Project libbiosig 3.9.1. A specially crafted MFER file can lead to arbitrary code execution. An attacker can provide a malicious file to trigger these vulnerabilities.When Tag is 133

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-66048"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-121",
      "CWE-787"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-12-11T17:15:59Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "Several stack-based buffer overflow vulnerabilities exists in the MFER parsing functionality of The Biosig Project libbiosig 3.9.1. A specially crafted MFER file can lead to arbitrary code execution. An attacker can provide a malicious file to trigger these vulnerabilities.When Tag is 133",
  "id": "GHSA-m63p-vcgh-3h5g",
  "modified": "2025-12-11T18:30:45Z",
  "published": "2025-12-11T18:30:45Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-66048"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_reports/TALOS-2025-2296"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-M6C3-CFXF-RG94

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-01-12 00:30 – Updated: 2023-01-20 00:30
VLAI
Details

Multiple exploitable buffer overflow vulnerabilities exist in the PubNub message handler for the "cc" channel of Insteon Hub running firmware version 1012. Specially crafted commands sent through the PubNub service can cause a stack-based buffer overflow overwriting arbitrary data. An attacker should send an authenticated HTTP request to trigger this vulnerability. In cmd s_sonos, at 0x9d01c084, the value for the s_ddelay key is copied using strcpy to the buffer at $sp+0x2b0.This buffer is 32 bytes large, sending anything longer will cause a buffer overflow.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2017-16313"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-121"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-01-11T22:15:00Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "Multiple exploitable buffer overflow vulnerabilities exist in the PubNub message handler for the \"cc\" channel of Insteon Hub running firmware version 1012. Specially crafted commands sent through the PubNub service can cause a stack-based buffer overflow overwriting arbitrary data. An attacker should send an authenticated HTTP request to trigger this vulnerability. In cmd s_sonos, at 0x9d01c084, the value for the `s_ddelay` key is copied using `strcpy` to the buffer at `$sp+0x2b0`.This buffer is 32 bytes large, sending anything longer will cause a buffer overflow.",
  "id": "GHSA-m6c3-cfxf-rg94",
  "modified": "2023-01-20T00:30:29Z",
  "published": "2023-01-12T00:30:17Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-16313"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_reports/TALOS-2017-0483"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-M6C6-R9MP-HCG3

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-03-12 15:32 – Updated: 2024-03-21 21:31
VLAI
Details

Tenda AC18 V15.03.05.05 has a stack overflow vulnerability in the mitInterface parameter of fromAddressNat function.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-28535"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-121",
      "CWE-787"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-03-12T13:15:49Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "Tenda AC18 V15.03.05.05 has a stack overflow vulnerability in the mitInterface parameter of fromAddressNat function.",
  "id": "GHSA-m6c6-r9mp-hcg3",
  "modified": "2024-03-21T21:31:15Z",
  "published": "2024-03-12T15:32:18Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-28535"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/abcdefg-png/IoT-vulnerable/blob/main/Tenda/AC18/fromAddressNat_mitInterface.md"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-M6GH-M58M-PJ6H

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-02-11 21:30 – Updated: 2026-02-11 21:30
VLAI
Details

Torrent FLV Converter 1.51 Build 117 contains a stack overflow vulnerability that allows attackers to overwrite Structured Exception Handler (SEH) through a malicious registration code input. Attackers can craft a payload with specific offsets and partial SEH overwrite techniques to potentially execute arbitrary code on vulnerable Windows 32-bit systems.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2020-37181"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-121"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-02-11T21:16:11Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Torrent FLV Converter 1.51 Build 117 contains a stack overflow vulnerability that allows attackers to overwrite Structured Exception Handler (SEH) through a malicious registration code input. Attackers can craft a payload with specific offsets and partial SEH overwrite techniques to potentially execute arbitrary code on vulnerable Windows 32-bit systems.",
  "id": "GHSA-m6gh-m58m-pj6h",
  "modified": "2026-02-11T21:30:41Z",
  "published": "2026-02-11T21:30:41Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-37181"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/47938"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/torrent-flv-converter-build-stack-oveflow-seh-partial-overwrite"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.torrentrockyou.com"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:A/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-M6M2-GP24-H5JF

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:41 – Updated: 2022-05-24 17:41
VLAI
Details

Multiple vulnerabilities in the web-based management interface of Cisco Small Business RV016, RV042, RV042G, RV082, RV320, and RV325 Routers could allow an authenticated, remote attacker to execute arbitrary code or cause an affected device to restart unexpectedly. These vulnerabilities are due to improper validation of user-supplied input in the web-based management interface. An attacker could exploit these vulnerabilities by sending crafted HTTP requests to an affected device. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to execute arbitrary code as the root user on the underlying operating system or cause the device to reload, resulting in a denial of service (DoS) condition. To exploit these vulnerabilities, an attacker would need to have valid administrator credentials on the affected device.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2021-1330"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-121"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2021-02-04T17:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Multiple vulnerabilities in the web-based management interface of Cisco Small Business RV016, RV042, RV042G, RV082, RV320, and RV325 Routers could allow an authenticated, remote attacker to execute arbitrary code or cause an affected device to restart unexpectedly. These vulnerabilities are due to improper validation of user-supplied input in the web-based management interface. An attacker could exploit these vulnerabilities by sending crafted HTTP requests to an affected device. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to execute arbitrary code as the root user on the underlying operating system or cause the device to reload, resulting in a denial of service (DoS) condition. To exploit these vulnerabilities, an attacker would need to have valid administrator credentials on the affected device.",
  "id": "GHSA-m6m2-gp24-h5jf",
  "modified": "2022-05-24T17:41:02Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T17:41:02Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-1330"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://tools.cisco.com/security/center/content/CiscoSecurityAdvisory/cisco-sa-rv-overflow-ghZP68yj"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}

GHSA-M6Q3-MCJX-5646

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-08-15 18:31 – Updated: 2024-08-15 21:31
VLAI
Details

Tenda FH1201 v1.2.0.14 (408) was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the page parameter in the fromSafeClientFilter function. This vulnerability allows attackers to cause a Denial of Service (DoS) via a crafted POST request.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-42955"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-121",
      "CWE-787"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-08-15T17:15:19Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Tenda FH1201 v1.2.0.14 (408) was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the page parameter in the fromSafeClientFilter function. This vulnerability allows attackers to cause a Denial of Service (DoS) via a crafted POST request.",
  "id": "GHSA-m6q3-mcjx-5646",
  "modified": "2024-08-15T21:31:19Z",
  "published": "2024-08-15T18:31:51Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-42955"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/TTTJJJWWW/AHU-IoT-vulnerable/blob/main/Tenda/FH1201/fromSafeClientFilter_page.md"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

Mitigation MIT-10
Operation Build and Compilation

Strategy: Environment Hardening

  • Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
  • D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Use an abstraction library to abstract away risky APIs. Not a complete solution.

Mitigation
Implementation

Implement and perform bounds checking on input.

Mitigation
Implementation

Do not use dangerous functions such as gets. Use safer, equivalent functions which check for boundary errors.

Mitigation MIT-11
Operation Build and Compilation

Strategy: Environment Hardening

  • Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
  • Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
  • For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].

No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.