CWE-121
AllowedStack-based Buffer Overflow
Abstraction: Variant · Status: Draft
A stack-based buffer overflow condition is a condition where the buffer being overwritten is allocated on the stack (i.e., is a local variable or, rarely, a parameter to a function).
5783 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-CWW6-QWHH-35X7
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:41 – Updated: 2022-05-24 17:41Multiple vulnerabilities in the web-based management interface of Cisco Small Business RV016, RV042, RV042G, RV082, RV320, and RV325 Routers could allow an authenticated, remote attacker to execute arbitrary code or cause an affected device to restart unexpectedly. These vulnerabilities are due to improper validation of user-supplied input in the web-based management interface. An attacker could exploit these vulnerabilities by sending crafted HTTP requests to an affected device. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to execute arbitrary code as the root user on the underlying operating system or cause the device to reload, resulting in a denial of service (DoS) condition. To exploit these vulnerabilities, an attacker would need to have valid administrator credentials on the affected device.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-1333"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-02-04T17:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Multiple vulnerabilities in the web-based management interface of Cisco Small Business RV016, RV042, RV042G, RV082, RV320, and RV325 Routers could allow an authenticated, remote attacker to execute arbitrary code or cause an affected device to restart unexpectedly. These vulnerabilities are due to improper validation of user-supplied input in the web-based management interface. An attacker could exploit these vulnerabilities by sending crafted HTTP requests to an affected device. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to execute arbitrary code as the root user on the underlying operating system or cause the device to reload, resulting in a denial of service (DoS) condition. To exploit these vulnerabilities, an attacker would need to have valid administrator credentials on the affected device.",
"id": "GHSA-cww6-qwhh-35x7",
"modified": "2022-05-24T17:41:03Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:41:03Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-1333"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://tools.cisco.com/security/center/content/CiscoSecurityAdvisory/cisco-sa-rv-overflow-ghZP68yj"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-CX3C-JF2W-95P5
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2021-12-10 00:00 – Updated: 2021-12-14 00:01Delta Electronics CNCSoft Versions 1.01.30 and prior are vulnerable to a stack-based buffer overflow, which may allow an attacker to execute arbitrary code.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-43982"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-12-09T22:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Delta Electronics CNCSoft Versions 1.01.30 and prior are vulnerable to a stack-based buffer overflow, which may allow an attacker to execute arbitrary code.",
"id": "GHSA-cx3c-jf2w-95p5",
"modified": "2021-12-14T00:01:19Z",
"published": "2021-12-10T00:00:29Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-43982"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.cisa.gov/uscert/ics/advisories/icsa-21-334-03"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-CX3Q-PG98-M72G
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-11-20 15:30 – Updated: 2025-11-20 18:31Tenda AC21 V16.03.08.16 is vulnerable to Buffer Overflow via the rebootTime parameter of /goform/SetSysAutoRebbotCfg.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-65222"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-11-20T15:17:40Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Tenda AC21 V16.03.08.16 is vulnerable to Buffer Overflow via the rebootTime parameter of /goform/SetSysAutoRebbotCfg.",
"id": "GHSA-cx3q-pg98-m72g",
"modified": "2025-11-20T18:31:00Z",
"published": "2025-11-20T15:30:24Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-65222"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/Madgeaaaaa/MY_VULN_2/blob/main/Tenda/VULN3.md"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-CX46-CW26-H8H6
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-12-05 00:31 – Updated: 2026-08-10 18:31A stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability [CWE-121] in WatchGuard Fireware OS's certificate request command could allow an authenticated privileged user to execute arbitrary code via specially crafted CLI commands.This issue affects Fireware OS: from 12.0 through 12.5.12+701324, from 12.6 through 12.11.2.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-1547"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-12-04T22:15:48Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability [CWE-121] in WatchGuard Fireware OS\u0027s certificate request command could allow an authenticated privileged user to execute arbitrary code via specially crafted CLI commands.This issue affects Fireware OS: from 12.0 through 12.5.12+701324, from 12.6 through 12.11.2.",
"id": "GHSA-cx46-cw26-h8h6",
"modified": "2026-08-10T18:31:59Z",
"published": "2025-12-05T00:31:05Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-1547"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://psirt.watchguard.com/CVE-2025-1547"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.watchguard.com/wgrd-psirt/advisory/wgsa-2025-00013"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:P/PR:H/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-CX4G-P8FC-8FG7
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-09-15 21:31 – Updated: 2026-09-15 21:31Buffer overflow vulnerabilities exist in the underlying operating system of EdgeConnect SD-WAN Gateways that could allow an unauthenticated adjacent attacker to execute arbitrary code if certain preconditions outside of the attacker's control are met. Successful exploitation could allow an attacker to execute arbitrary code as a privileged user on the underlying operating system leading to complete system compromise.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-76676"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-09-15T20:17:49Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Buffer overflow vulnerabilities exist in the underlying operating system of EdgeConnect SD-WAN Gateways that could allow an unauthenticated adjacent attacker to execute arbitrary code if certain preconditions outside of the attacker\u0027s control are met. Successful exploitation could allow an attacker to execute arbitrary code as a privileged user on the underlying operating system leading to complete system compromise.",
"id": "GHSA-cx4g-p8fc-8fg7",
"modified": "2026-09-15T21:31:34Z",
"published": "2026-09-15T21:31:34Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-76676"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.hpe.com/hpesc/public/docDisplay?docId=hpesbnw05135en_us\u0026docLocale=en_US"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-CXM9-9R6P-3785
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-05-03 03:31 – Updated: 2024-05-03 03:31D-Link DIR-3040 HTTP Request Processing Referer Stack-Based Buffer Overflow Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows network-adjacent attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of D-Link DIR-3040 routers. Authentication is not required to exploit this vulnerability.
The specific flaw exists within the prog.cgi binary, which handles HNAP requests made to the lighttpd webserver listening on TCP ports 80 and 443. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of a user-supplied string before copying it to a fixed size stack-based buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of root. Was ZDI-CAN-21674.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-41230"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-05-03T03:15:35Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "D-Link DIR-3040 HTTP Request Processing Referer Stack-Based Buffer Overflow Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows network-adjacent attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of D-Link DIR-3040 routers. Authentication is not required to exploit this vulnerability.\n\nThe specific flaw exists within the prog.cgi binary, which handles HNAP requests made to the lighttpd webserver listening on TCP ports 80 and 443. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of a user-supplied string before copying it to a fixed size stack-based buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of root. Was ZDI-CAN-21674.",
"id": "GHSA-cxm9-9r6p-3785",
"modified": "2024-05-03T03:31:00Z",
"published": "2024-05-03T03:31:00Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-41230"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://supportannouncement.us.dlink.com/announcement/publication.aspx?name=SAP10350"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-23-1338"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:A/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-CXQM-79P9-M968
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-05-03 03:30 – Updated: 2024-05-03 03:30D-Link DAP-1360 webproc var:page Stack-based Buffer Overflow Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows network-adjacent attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of D-Link DAP-1360 routers. Authentication is not required to exploit this vulnerability.
The specific flaw exists within the handling of requests to the /cgi-bin/webproc endpoint. When parsing the var:page parameter, the process does not properly validate the length of user-supplied data prior to copying it to a fixed-length stack-based buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of root. Was ZDI-CAN-18422.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-32142"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-05-03T02:15:17Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "D-Link DAP-1360 webproc var:page Stack-based Buffer Overflow Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows network-adjacent attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of D-Link DAP-1360 routers. Authentication is not required to exploit this vulnerability.\n\nThe specific flaw exists within the handling of requests to the /cgi-bin/webproc endpoint. When parsing the var:page parameter, the process does not properly validate the length of user-supplied data prior to copying it to a fixed-length stack-based buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of root. Was ZDI-CAN-18422.",
"id": "GHSA-cxqm-79p9-m968",
"modified": "2024-05-03T03:30:50Z",
"published": "2024-05-03T03:30:50Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-32142"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://supportannouncement.us.dlink.com/announcement/publication.aspx?name=SAP10324"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-23-534"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-CXVX-6H36-G9MQ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-09-08 18:33 – Updated: 2026-09-08 18:33Stack-based buffer overflow in Windows Netlogon allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code over a network.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-72982"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-09-08T18:20:24Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "Stack-based buffer overflow in Windows Netlogon allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code over a network.",
"id": "GHSA-cxvx-6h36-g9mq",
"modified": "2026-09-08T18:33:14Z",
"published": "2026-09-08T18:33:14Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-72982"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2026-72982"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-CXVX-7FC3-H99X
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-12-23 21:30 – Updated: 2025-12-23 21:30NSF Unidata NetCDF-C Variable Name Stack-based Buffer Overflow Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of NSF Unidata NetCDF-C. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file.
The specific flaw exists within the parsing of variable names. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of the length of user-supplied data prior to copying it to a fixed-length stack-based buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current user. Was ZDI-CAN-27267.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-14934"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-12-23T21:15:48Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "NSF Unidata NetCDF-C Variable Name Stack-based Buffer Overflow Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of NSF Unidata NetCDF-C. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file.\n\nThe specific flaw exists within the parsing of variable names. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of the length of user-supplied data prior to copying it to a fixed-length stack-based buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current user. Was ZDI-CAN-27267.",
"id": "GHSA-cxvx-7fc3-h99x",
"modified": "2025-12-23T21:30:30Z",
"published": "2025-12-23T21:30:30Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-14934"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-25-1152"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-F23H-7MRR-JJ25
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-03-01 15:31 – Updated: 2024-08-28 21:31LBT T300-T390 v2.2.1.8 were discovered to contain a stack overflow via the apn_name_3g parameter in the setupEC20Apn function. This vulnerability allows attackers to cause a Denial of Service (DoS) via a crafted POST request.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-27568"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-03-01T14:15:54Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "LBT T300-T390 v2.2.1.8 were discovered to contain a stack overflow via the apn_name_3g parameter in the setupEC20Apn function. This vulnerability allows attackers to cause a Denial of Service (DoS) via a crafted POST request.",
"id": "GHSA-f23h-7mrr-jj25",
"modified": "2024-08-28T21:31:26Z",
"published": "2024-03-01T15:31:38Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-27568"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/cvdyfbwa/IoT_LBT_Router/blob/main/setupEC20Apn.md"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation MIT-10
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
- D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
Mitigation
Use an abstraction library to abstract away risky APIs. Not a complete solution.
Mitigation
Implement and perform bounds checking on input.
Mitigation
Do not use dangerous functions such as gets. Use safer, equivalent functions which check for boundary errors.
Mitigation MIT-11
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
- Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
- For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.