CWE-121
AllowedStack-based Buffer Overflow
Abstraction: Variant · Status: Draft
A stack-based buffer overflow condition is a condition where the buffer being overwritten is allocated on the stack (i.e., is a local variable or, rarely, a parameter to a function).
5213 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-GVQF-2HJ4-285J
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-10-15 12:01 – Updated: 2022-10-15 12:01Adobe ColdFusion versions Update 14 (and earlier) and Update 4 (and earlier) are affected by a Stack-based Buffer Overflow vulnerability that could result in arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user. Exploitation of this issue does not require user interaction, the vulnerability is triggered when a crafted network packet is sent to the server.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-35710"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-10-14T20:15:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "Adobe ColdFusion versions Update 14 (and earlier) and Update 4 (and earlier) are affected by a Stack-based Buffer Overflow vulnerability that could result in arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user. Exploitation of this issue does not require user interaction, the vulnerability is triggered when a crafted network packet is sent to the server.",
"id": "GHSA-gvqf-2hj4-285j",
"modified": "2022-10-15T12:01:01Z",
"published": "2022-10-15T12:01:01Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-35710"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://helpx.adobe.com/security/products/coldfusion/apsb22-44.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-GVRM-92XP-96PF
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:41 – Updated: 2022-05-24 17:41Multiple vulnerabilities in the web-based management interface of Cisco Small Business RV016, RV042, RV042G, RV082, RV320, and RV325 Routers could allow an authenticated, remote attacker to execute arbitrary code or cause an affected device to restart unexpectedly. These vulnerabilities are due to improper validation of user-supplied input in the web-based management interface. An attacker could exploit these vulnerabilities by sending crafted HTTP requests to an affected device. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to execute arbitrary code as the root user on the underlying operating system or cause the device to reload, resulting in a denial of service (DoS) condition. To exploit these vulnerabilities, an attacker would need to have valid administrator credentials on the affected device.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-1347"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-02-04T17:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Multiple vulnerabilities in the web-based management interface of Cisco Small Business RV016, RV042, RV042G, RV082, RV320, and RV325 Routers could allow an authenticated, remote attacker to execute arbitrary code or cause an affected device to restart unexpectedly. These vulnerabilities are due to improper validation of user-supplied input in the web-based management interface. An attacker could exploit these vulnerabilities by sending crafted HTTP requests to an affected device. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to execute arbitrary code as the root user on the underlying operating system or cause the device to reload, resulting in a denial of service (DoS) condition. To exploit these vulnerabilities, an attacker would need to have valid administrator credentials on the affected device.",
"id": "GHSA-gvrm-92xp-96pf",
"modified": "2022-05-24T17:41:04Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:41:04Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-1347"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://tools.cisco.com/security/center/content/CiscoSecurityAdvisory/cisco-sa-rv-overflow-ghZP68yj"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-GVRP-6WH5-2672
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-07-06 15:30 – Updated: 2025-11-04 21:30Multiple buffer overflow vulnerabilities exist in the vtysh_ubus binary of Milesight UR32L v32.3.0.5 due to the use of an unsafe sprintf pattern. A specially crafted HTTP request can lead to a buffer overflow. An attacker can send HTTP requests to trigger these vulnerabilities.This buffer overflow occurs in the set_gre function with the key variable.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-25111"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-07-06T15:15:14Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Multiple buffer overflow vulnerabilities exist in the vtysh_ubus binary of Milesight UR32L v32.3.0.5 due to the use of an unsafe sprintf pattern. A specially crafted HTTP request can lead to a buffer overflow. An attacker can send HTTP requests to trigger these vulnerabilities.This buffer overflow occurs in the set_gre function with the key variable.",
"id": "GHSA-gvrp-6wh5-2672",
"modified": "2025-11-04T21:30:36Z",
"published": "2023-07-06T15:30:34Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-25111"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_reports/TALOS-2023-1716"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_reports/TALOS-2023-1716"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-GW5R-9G34-HFM9
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:11 – Updated: 2022-05-24 19:11Adobe Photoshop versions 21.2.9 (and earlier) and 22.4.2 (and earlier) is affected by a stack overflow vulnerability due to insecure handling of a crafted PSD file, potentially resulting in arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user. Exploitation requires user interaction in that a victim must open a crafted PSD file in Photoshop.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-36005"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-08-20T19:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Adobe Photoshop versions 21.2.9 (and earlier) and 22.4.2 (and earlier) is affected by a stack overflow vulnerability due to insecure handling of a crafted PSD file, potentially resulting in arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user. Exploitation requires user interaction in that a victim must open a crafted PSD file in Photoshop.",
"id": "GHSA-gw5r-9g34-hfm9",
"modified": "2022-05-24T19:11:43Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T19:11:43Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-36005"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://helpx.adobe.com/security/products/photoshop/apsb21-63.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-GW62-P9FC-RMHV
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-05-03 03:31 – Updated: 2024-05-03 03:31D-Link DAP-1325 SetHostIPv6StaticSettings StaticDNS1 Stack-based Buffer Overflow Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows network-adjacent attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of D-Link DAP-1325 routers. Authentication is not required to exploit this vulnerability.
The specific flaw exists within the handling of XML data provided to the HNAP1 SOAP endpoint. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of the length of user-supplied data prior to copying it to a fixed-length stack-based buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of root. Was ZDI-CAN-18835.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-41209"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-05-03T03:15:32Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "D-Link DAP-1325 SetHostIPv6StaticSettings StaticDNS1 Stack-based Buffer Overflow Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows network-adjacent attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of D-Link DAP-1325 routers. Authentication is not required to exploit this vulnerability.\n\nThe specific flaw exists within the handling of XML data provided to the HNAP1 SOAP endpoint. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of the length of user-supplied data prior to copying it to a fixed-length stack-based buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of root. Was ZDI-CAN-18835.",
"id": "GHSA-gw62-p9fc-rmhv",
"modified": "2024-05-03T03:31:00Z",
"published": "2024-05-03T03:31:00Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-41209"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://supportannouncement.us.dlink.com/announcement/publication.aspx?name=SAP10351"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-23-1317"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-GWF9-9829-4R2V
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-07-31 15:31 – Updated: 2024-08-12 21:31A “CWE-121: Stack-based Buffer Overflow” in the wd210std.dll dynamic library packaged with the ThermoscanIP installer allows a local attacker to possibly trigger a Denial-of-Service (DoS) condition on the target component.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-31203"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-07-31T14:15:05Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A \u201cCWE-121: Stack-based Buffer Overflow\u201d in the wd210std.dll dynamic library packaged with the ThermoscanIP installer allows a local attacker to possibly trigger a Denial-of-Service (DoS) condition on the target component.",
"id": "GHSA-gwf9-9829-4r2v",
"modified": "2024-08-12T21:31:32Z",
"published": "2024-07-31T15:31:18Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-31203"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.nozominetworks.com/labs/vulnerability-advisories-cve-2024-31203"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-GWFX-RX3P-M9QF
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-04-16 00:31 – Updated: 2025-04-16 21:30RE11S v1.11 was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the rootAPmac parameter in the formiNICbasicREP function.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-22911"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-04-15T23:15:42Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "RE11S v1.11 was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the rootAPmac parameter in the formiNICbasicREP function.",
"id": "GHSA-gwfx-rx3p-m9qf",
"modified": "2025-04-16T21:30:54Z",
"published": "2025-04-16T00:31:38Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-22911"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://gist.github.com/xyqer1/6145c00a51093baad7ab5b8293a06e80"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/xyqer1/RE11S_1.11-formiNICbasicREP-StackOverflow"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-GWG6-62MC-7H63
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-01-07 21:31 – Updated: 2026-01-12 18:30Panda3D versions up to and including 1.10.16 egg-mkfont contains a stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability due to use of an unbounded sprintf() call with attacker-controlled input. When constructing glyph filenames, egg-mkfont formats a user-supplied glyph pattern (-gp) into a fixed-size stack buffer without length validation. Supplying an excessively long glyph pattern string can overflow the stack buffer, resulting in memory corruption and a deterministic crash. Depending on build configuration and execution environment, the overflow may also be exploitable for arbitrary code execution.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-22189"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-01-07T21:16:03Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Panda3D versions up to and including 1.10.16 egg-mkfont contains a stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability due to use of an unbounded sprintf() call with attacker-controlled input. When constructing glyph filenames, egg-mkfont formats a user-supplied glyph pattern (-gp) into a fixed-size stack buffer without length validation. Supplying an excessively long glyph pattern string can overflow the stack buffer, resulting in memory corruption and a deterministic crash. Depending on build configuration and execution environment, the overflow may also be exploitable for arbitrary code execution.",
"id": "GHSA-gwg6-62mc-7h63",
"modified": "2026-01-12T18:30:25Z",
"published": "2026-01-07T21:31:56Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-22189"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/panda3d/panda3d"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2026/Jan/10"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.panda3d.org"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/panda3d-egg-mkfont-stack-buffer-overflow"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-GWHC-573H-JXWH
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-03-20 18:30 – Updated: 2024-03-20 18:30A vulnerability, which was classified as critical, was found in Tenda AC10U 15.03.06.49. This affects the function formWifiWpsStart of the file /goform/WifiWpsStart. The manipulation of the argument index leads to stack-based buffer overflow. It is possible to initiate the attack remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The identifier VDB-257457 was assigned to this vulnerability. NOTE: The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-2706"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-03-20T17:15:07Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A vulnerability, which was classified as critical, was found in Tenda AC10U 15.03.06.49. This affects the function formWifiWpsStart of the file /goform/WifiWpsStart. The manipulation of the argument index leads to stack-based buffer overflow. It is possible to initiate the attack remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The identifier VDB-257457 was assigned to this vulnerability. NOTE: The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.",
"id": "GHSA-gwhc-573h-jxwh",
"modified": "2024-03-20T18:30:39Z",
"published": "2024-03-20T18:30:39Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-2706"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/abcdefg-png/IoT-vulnerable/blob/main/Tenda/AC10U/v1.V15.03.06.49/more/formWifiWpsStart.md"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.257457"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.257457"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-GWJC-9W3C-7GVH
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-09-09 18:31 – Updated: 2025-09-10 15:31Tenda W30E V16.01.0.19 (5037) was discovered to contain a stack overflow in the countryCode parameter in the werlessAdvancedSet function. This vulnerability allows attackers to cause a Denial of Service (DoS) via a crafted request.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-57087"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-09-09T17:16:10Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Tenda W30E V16.01.0.19 (5037) was discovered to contain a stack overflow in the countryCode parameter in the werlessAdvancedSet function. This vulnerability allows attackers to cause a Denial of Service (DoS) via a crafted request.",
"id": "GHSA-gwjc-9w3c-7gvh",
"modified": "2025-09-10T15:31:15Z",
"published": "2025-09-09T18:31:24Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-57087"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/vulnDetailRecord/VulforDevice/blob/main/Tenda/W30E/werlessAdvancedSet.md"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation MIT-10
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
- D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
Mitigation
Use an abstraction library to abstract away risky APIs. Not a complete solution.
Mitigation
Implement and perform bounds checking on input.
Mitigation
Do not use dangerous functions such as gets. Use safer, equivalent functions which check for boundary errors.
Mitigation MIT-11
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
- Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
- For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.