CWE-121
AllowedStack-based Buffer Overflow
Abstraction: Variant · Status: Draft
A stack-based buffer overflow condition is a condition where the buffer being overwritten is allocated on the stack (i.e., is a local variable or, rarely, a parameter to a function).
5220 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-CM9J-XV24-C3GF
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:37 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:37A Stack-based Buffer Overflow issue was discovered in GE CIMPLICITY Versions 9.0 and prior. A function reads a packet to indicate the next packet length. The next packet length is not verified, allowing a buffer overwrite that could lead to an arbitrary remote code execution.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2017-12732"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-119",
"CWE-121"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2017-10-05T21:29:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A Stack-based Buffer Overflow issue was discovered in GE CIMPLICITY Versions 9.0 and prior. A function reads a packet to indicate the next packet length. The next packet length is not verified, allowing a buffer overwrite that could lead to an arbitrary remote code execution.",
"id": "GHSA-cm9j-xv24-c3gf",
"modified": "2022-05-13T01:37:44Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:37:44Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-12732"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://ics-cert.us-cert.gov/advisories/ICSA-17-278-01"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/101174"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:A/AC:H/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-CMFC-J23H-6H8C
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-11-26 09:30 – Updated: 2025-11-04 18:31The web interface of the affected devices processes a cookie value improperly, leading to a stack buffer overflow. More precisely, giving too long character string to MFPSESSIONID parameter results in a stack buffer overflow. As for the details of affected product names, model numbers, and versions, refer to the information provided by the respective vendors listed under [References].
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-28038"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-11-26T08:15:04Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "The web interface of the affected devices processes a cookie value improperly, leading to a stack buffer overflow. More precisely, giving too long character string to MFPSESSIONID parameter results in a stack buffer overflow. As for the details of affected product names, model numbers, and versions, refer to the information provided by the respective vendors listed under [References].",
"id": "GHSA-cmfc-j23h-6h8c",
"modified": "2025-11-04T18:31:30Z",
"published": "2024-11-26T09:30:48Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-28038"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://global.sharp/products/copier/info/info_security_2024-05.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://jp.sharp/business/print/information/info_security_2024-05.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://jvn.jp/en/vu/JVNVU93051062"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://pierrekim.github.io/blog/2024-06-27-sharp-mfp-17-vulnerabilities.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.toshibatec.co.jp/information/20240531_02.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.toshibatec.com/information/20240531_02.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2024/Jul/0"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-CMP3-JFP5-M6FQ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-01-15 06:30 – Updated: 2024-01-15 06:30A vulnerability was found in Tenda W9 1.0.0.7(4456). It has been declared as critical. Affected by this vulnerability is the function formAddSysLogRule of the component httpd. The manipulation of the argument sysRulenEn leads to stack-based buffer overflow. The attack can be launched remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The associated identifier of this vulnerability is VDB-250711. NOTE: The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-0541"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-01-15T05:15:08Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A vulnerability was found in Tenda W9 1.0.0.7(4456). It has been declared as critical. Affected by this vulnerability is the function formAddSysLogRule of the component httpd. The manipulation of the argument sysRulenEn leads to stack-based buffer overflow. The attack can be launched remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The associated identifier of this vulnerability is VDB-250711. NOTE: The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.",
"id": "GHSA-cmp3-jfp5-m6fq",
"modified": "2024-01-15T06:30:27Z",
"published": "2024-01-15T06:30:27Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-0541"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/jylsec/vuldb/blob/main/Tenda/W9/6/README.md"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.250711"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.250711"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-CMXR-2HXF-H3PV
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-03-27 21:30 – Updated: 2024-03-27 21:30A vulnerability, which was classified as critical, was found in Tenda FH1203 2.0.1.6. This affects the function formexeCommand of the file /goform/execCommand. The manipulation of the argument cmdinput leads to stack-based buffer overflow. It is possible to initiate the attack remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The associated identifier of this vulnerability is VDB-258159. NOTE: The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-2990"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-03-27T19:15:49Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A vulnerability, which was classified as critical, was found in Tenda FH1203 2.0.1.6. This affects the function formexeCommand of the file /goform/execCommand. The manipulation of the argument cmdinput leads to stack-based buffer overflow. It is possible to initiate the attack remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The associated identifier of this vulnerability is VDB-258159. NOTE: The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.",
"id": "GHSA-cmxr-2hxf-h3pv",
"modified": "2024-03-27T21:30:47Z",
"published": "2024-03-27T21:30:47Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-2990"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/abcdefg-png/IoT-vulnerable/blob/main/Tenda/FH/FH1203/formexeCommand.md"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.258159"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.258159"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?submit.301365"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-CP2J-FXF4-H2XW
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-06-09 21:32 – Updated: 2026-06-10 18:31Shenzhen Tenda Technology Co., Ltd Tenda W3 Wireless Router v1.0.0.3(2204) was discovered to contain a stack overflow in the param_1 parameter of the formSetCfm function. This vulnerability allows attackers to cause a Denial of Service (DoS) via a crafted HTTP request.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-36777"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-06-09T19:17:43Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Shenzhen Tenda Technology Co., Ltd Tenda W3 Wireless Router v1.0.0.3(2204) was discovered to contain a stack overflow in the param_1 parameter of the formSetCfm function. This vulnerability allows attackers to cause a Denial of Service (DoS) via a crafted HTTP request.",
"id": "GHSA-cp2j-fxf4-h2xw",
"modified": "2026-06-10T18:31:45Z",
"published": "2026-06-09T21:32:35Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-36777"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/xhh0124/SemVulLLM/tree/main/W3/formSetCfm"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-CPFR-66JX-F9FM
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-07-06 15:30 – Updated: 2025-11-04 21:30Multiple buffer overflow vulnerabilities exist in the vtysh_ubus binary of Milesight UR32L v32.3.0.5 due to the use of an unsafe sprintf pattern. A specially crafted HTTP request can lead to a buffer overflow. An attacker can send HTTP requests to trigger these vulnerabilities.This buffer overflow occurs in the set_qos function with the attach_class variable.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-25097"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-07-06T15:15:13Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Multiple buffer overflow vulnerabilities exist in the vtysh_ubus binary of Milesight UR32L v32.3.0.5 due to the use of an unsafe sprintf pattern. A specially crafted HTTP request can lead to a buffer overflow. An attacker can send HTTP requests to trigger these vulnerabilities.This buffer overflow occurs in the set_qos function with the attach_class variable.",
"id": "GHSA-cpfr-66jx-f9fm",
"modified": "2025-11-04T21:30:35Z",
"published": "2023-07-06T15:30:34Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-25097"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_reports/TALOS-2023-1716"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_reports/TALOS-2023-1716"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-CPJH-84VM-RVXF
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-06-06 00:31 – Updated: 2026-06-06 00:31A stack‑based buffer overflow vulnerability exists in Tapo C520WS v2 in the ONVIF CreateUsers service, where the device fails to properly validate the number of XML user nodes during request processing. An authenticated attacker can send a specially crafted ONVIF request containing an excessive number of user entries to trigger memory corruption.
Successful exploitation may cause the ONVIF management service to terminate unexpectedly, resulting in a denial‑of‑service (DoS) condition that disrupts device configuration and management functions.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-6239"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-06-06T00:16:40Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A stack\u2011based\nbuffer overflow vulnerability exists in Tapo C520WS v2 in the ONVIF CreateUsers service, where\nthe device fails to properly validate the number of XML user nodes during\nrequest processing. An authenticated attacker can send a specially crafted\nONVIF request containing an excessive number of user entries to trigger memory\ncorruption.\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\nSuccessful\nexploitation may cause the ONVIF management service to terminate unexpectedly,\nresulting in a denial\u2011of\u2011service (DoS) condition that disrupts device\nconfiguration and management functions.",
"id": "GHSA-cpjh-84vm-rvxf",
"modified": "2026-06-06T00:31:38Z",
"published": "2026-06-06T00:31:38Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-6239"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.tp-link.com/en/support/download/tapo-c520ws/#Firmware-Release-Notes"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.tp-link.com/us/support/download/tapo-c520ws/#Firmware-Release-Notes"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.tp-link.com/us/support/faq/5120"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:A/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-CPJV-H35C-937X
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-01-07 21:30 – Updated: 2024-01-07 21:30A vulnerability, which was classified as critical, has been found in Totolink N350RT 9.3.5u.6139_B20201216. Affected by this issue is the function main of the file /cgi-bin/cstecgi.cgi?action=login of the component HTTP POST Request Handler. The manipulation of the argument v8 leads to stack-based buffer overflow. The attack may be launched remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. VDB-249770 is the identifier assigned to this vulnerability. NOTE: The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-7214"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-01-07T20:15:47Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A vulnerability, which was classified as critical, has been found in Totolink N350RT 9.3.5u.6139_B20201216. Affected by this issue is the function main of the file /cgi-bin/cstecgi.cgi?action=login of the component HTTP POST Request Handler. The manipulation of the argument v8 leads to stack-based buffer overflow. The attack may be launched remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. VDB-249770 is the identifier assigned to this vulnerability. NOTE: The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.",
"id": "GHSA-cpjv-h35c-937x",
"modified": "2024-01-07T21:30:30Z",
"published": "2024-01-07T21:30:30Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-7214"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/jylsec/vuldb/blob/main/TOTOLINK/N350RT/3/README.md"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.249770"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.249770"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-CPRC-HGV2-3JR8
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-12-10 12:31 – Updated: 2025-12-10 12:31An unauthenticated remote attacker can abuse unsafe sscanf calls within the check_cookie() function to write arbitrary data into fixed-size stack buffers which leads to full device compromise.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-41732"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-12-10T11:15:48Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "An unauthenticated remote attacker can abuse unsafe sscanf calls within the check_cookie() function to write arbitrary data into fixed-size stack buffers which leads to full device compromise.",
"id": "GHSA-cprc-hgv2-3jr8",
"modified": "2025-12-10T12:31:27Z",
"published": "2025-12-10T12:31:27Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-41732"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://certvde.com/de/advisories/VDE-2025-095"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-CPRR-85RG-MJVR
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-08-15 18:31 – Updated: 2024-08-16 15:31Tenda FH1206 v02.03.01.35 was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the page parameter in the fromNatlimit function. This vulnerability allows attackers to cause a Denial of Service (DoS) via a crafted POST request.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-42985"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-08-15T17:15:21Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Tenda FH1206 v02.03.01.35 was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the page parameter in the fromNatlimit function. This vulnerability allows attackers to cause a Denial of Service (DoS) via a crafted POST request.",
"id": "GHSA-cprr-85rg-mjvr",
"modified": "2024-08-16T15:31:41Z",
"published": "2024-08-15T18:31:52Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-42985"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/TTTJJJWWW/AHU-IoT-vulnerable/blob/main/Tenda/FH1206/fromNatlimit.md"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation MIT-10
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
- D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
Mitigation
Use an abstraction library to abstract away risky APIs. Not a complete solution.
Mitigation
Implement and perform bounds checking on input.
Mitigation
Do not use dangerous functions such as gets. Use safer, equivalent functions which check for boundary errors.
Mitigation MIT-11
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
- Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
- For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.