Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-121

Allowed

Stack-based Buffer Overflow

Abstraction: Variant · Status: Draft

A stack-based buffer overflow condition is a condition where the buffer being overwritten is allocated on the stack (i.e., is a local variable or, rarely, a parameter to a function).

5237 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

GHSA-8X5Q-FMC6-R74X

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-08-01 18:31 – Updated: 2025-08-01 18:31
VLAI
Details

Alpine iLX-507 vCard Parsing Stack-based Buffer Overflow Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows network-adjacent attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected Alpine iLX-507 devices. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must connect to a malicious Bluetooth device.

The specific flaw exists within the parsing of vCard data. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of user-supplied data prior to copying it to a fixed-length stack-based buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of root. Was ZDI-CAN-26324.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-8477"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-121"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-08-01T18:15:58Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Alpine iLX-507 vCard Parsing Stack-based Buffer Overflow Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows network-adjacent attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected Alpine iLX-507 devices. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must connect to a malicious Bluetooth device.\n\nThe specific flaw exists within the parsing of vCard data. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of user-supplied data prior to copying it to a fixed-length stack-based buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of root. Was ZDI-CAN-26324.",
  "id": "GHSA-8x5q-fmc6-r74x",
  "modified": "2025-08-01T18:31:20Z",
  "published": "2025-08-01T18:31:20Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-8477"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-25-767"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:A/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-8XG7-6VMP-HP8C

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-08-21 21:32 – Updated: 2025-08-21 21:32
VLAI
Details

A stack-based buffer overflow exists in FTP Synchronizer Professional <= v4.0.73.274. When the client connects to an FTP server and issues a LIST command—typically during sync preview or profile creation—the server’s response containing an overly long filename triggers a buffer overflow. This results in the corruption of the Structured Exception Handler (SEH), potentially allowing remote code execution.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2010-20107"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-121"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-08-21T21:15:33Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "A stack-based buffer overflow exists in FTP Synchronizer Professional \u003c= v4.0.73.274. When the client connects to an FTP server and issues a LIST command\u2014typically during sync preview or profile creation\u2014the server\u2019s response containing an overly long filename triggers a buffer overflow. This results in the corruption of the Structured Exception Handler (SEH), potentially allowing remote code execution.",
  "id": "GHSA-8xg7-6vmp-hp8c",
  "modified": "2025-08-21T21:32:07Z",
  "published": "2025-08-21T21:32:07Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2010-20107"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/rapid7/metasploit-framework/master/modules/exploits/windows/ftp/ftpsynch_list_reply.rb"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20111016194057/https://www.corelan.be/index.php/2010/10/12/death-of-an-ftp-client"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20111016235434/http://www.ftpsynchronizer.com"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/16720"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.ftpsynchronizer.com"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/ftp-synchronizer-professional-stack-buffer-overflow"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-8XGQ-C22M-8FF8

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-12-11 18:30 – Updated: 2025-12-11 18:30
VLAI
Details

Several stack-based buffer overflow vulnerabilities exists in the MFER parsing functionality of The Biosig Project libbiosig 3.9.1. A specially crafted MFER file can lead to arbitrary code execution. An attacker can provide a malicious file to trigger these vulnerabilities.When Tag is 65

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-66045"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-121",
      "CWE-787"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-12-11T17:15:58Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "Several stack-based buffer overflow vulnerabilities exists in the MFER parsing functionality of The Biosig Project libbiosig 3.9.1. A specially crafted MFER file can lead to arbitrary code execution. An attacker can provide a malicious file to trigger these vulnerabilities.When Tag is 65",
  "id": "GHSA-8xgq-c22m-8ff8",
  "modified": "2025-12-11T18:30:45Z",
  "published": "2025-12-11T18:30:45Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-66045"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_reports/TALOS-2025-2296"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-8XH3-3WJ9-MJW4

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2021-12-15 00:01 – Updated: 2021-12-15 00:01
VLAI
Details

A vulnerability has been identified in JT Utilities (All versions < V13.1.1.0), JTTK (All versions < V11.1.1.0). JTTK library in affected products is vulnerable to stack based buffer overflow while parsing specially crafted JT files. An attacker could leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. (ZDI-CAN-14845)

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2021-44432"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-121"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2021-12-14T12:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "A vulnerability has been identified in JT Utilities (All versions \u003c V13.1.1.0), JTTK (All versions \u003c V11.1.1.0). JTTK library in affected products is vulnerable to stack based buffer overflow while parsing specially crafted JT files. An attacker could leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. (ZDI-CAN-14845)",
  "id": "GHSA-8xh3-3wj9-mjw4",
  "modified": "2021-12-15T00:01:14Z",
  "published": "2021-12-15T00:01:14Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-44432"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/pdf/ssa-802578.pdf"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}

GHSA-8XRG-WHG2-WPPG

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-10-02 06:31 – Updated: 2025-10-02 06:31
VLAI
Details

KV STUDIO and VT5-WX15/WX12 contain a stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability. If the product uses a specially crafted file, arbitrary code may be executed on the affected product.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-58775"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-121"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-10-02T06:15:35Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "KV STUDIO and VT5-WX15/WX12 contain a stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability. If the product uses a specially crafted file, arbitrary code may be executed on the affected product.",
  "id": "GHSA-8xrg-whg2-wppg",
  "modified": "2025-10-02T06:31:08Z",
  "published": "2025-10-02T06:31:08Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-58775"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://jvn.jp/en/vu/JVNVU97069449"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.keyence.com/kv_vulnerability2509301"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:A/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-8XX6-FM2F-R2VQ

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-09-09 18:31 – Updated: 2025-09-10 15:31
VLAI
Details

Tenda G3 v3.0br_V15.11.0.17 was discovered to contain a stack overflow in the dhcpIndex parameter in the addDhcpRule function. This vulnerability allows attackers to cause a Denial of Service (DoS) via a crafted request.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-57059"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-121"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-09-09T17:16:08Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Tenda G3 v3.0br_V15.11.0.17 was discovered to contain a stack overflow in the dhcpIndex parameter in the addDhcpRule function. This vulnerability allows attackers to cause a Denial of Service (DoS) via a crafted request.",
  "id": "GHSA-8xx6-fm2f-r2vq",
  "modified": "2025-09-10T15:31:15Z",
  "published": "2025-09-09T18:31:23Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-57059"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/vulnDetailRecord/VulforDevice/blob/main/Tenda/G3/addDhcpRule.md"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-8XX6-Q3X4-3J7V

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-10-21 18:30 – Updated: 2025-11-04 03:30
VLAI
Details

GeographicLib 2.5 is vulnerable to Buffer Overflow in GeoConvert DMS::InternalDecode.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-60751"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-121"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-10-21T16:15:38Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "GeographicLib 2.5 is vulnerable to Buffer Overflow in GeoConvert DMS::InternalDecode.",
  "id": "GHSA-8xx6-q3x4-3j7v",
  "modified": "2025-11-04T03:30:26Z",
  "published": "2025-10-21T18:30:34Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-60751"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/geographiclib/geographiclib/issues/43"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/zer0matt/CVE-2025-60751"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/11/msg00004.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-923R-GP72-RMM4

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-10-07 15:31 – Updated: 2024-10-07 15:31
VLAI
Details

Memory corruption is possible when an attempt is made from userspace or console to write some haptics effects pattern to the haptics debugfs file.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-23374"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-121",
      "CWE-787"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-10-07T13:15:11Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Memory corruption is possible when an attempt is made from userspace or console to write some haptics effects pattern to the haptics debugfs file.",
  "id": "GHSA-923r-gp72-rmm4",
  "modified": "2024-10-07T15:31:39Z",
  "published": "2024-10-07T15:31:39Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-23374"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://docs.qualcomm.com/product/publicresources/securitybulletin/october-2024-bulletin.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-9283-2MPG-73M4

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-01-29 03:30 – Updated: 2024-01-29 03:30
VLAI
Details

A vulnerability, which was classified as critical, was found in Tenda i6 1.0.0.9(3857). This affects the function formSetAutoPing of the file /goform/setAutoPing of the component httpd. The manipulation of the argument ping1 leads to stack-based buffer overflow. It is possible to initiate the attack remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The associated identifier of this vulnerability is VDB-252255. NOTE: The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-0990"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-121",
      "CWE-787"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-01-29T01:15:08Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "A vulnerability, which was classified as critical, was found in Tenda i6 1.0.0.9(3857). This affects the function formSetAutoPing of the file /goform/setAutoPing of the component httpd. The manipulation of the argument ping1 leads to stack-based buffer overflow. It is possible to initiate the attack remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The associated identifier of this vulnerability is VDB-252255. NOTE: The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.",
  "id": "GHSA-9283-2mpg-73m4",
  "modified": "2024-01-29T03:30:18Z",
  "published": "2024-01-29T03:30:18Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-0990"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://jylsec.notion.site/Tenda-i6-has-stack-buffer-overflow-vulnerability-in-formSetAutoPing-2e009d81eb7e45438565d5ba6794f4e3?pvs=4"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.252255"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.252255"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-92JW-RF4G-RWR2

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-06-02 18:31 – Updated: 2026-06-04 18:30
VLAI
Details

TP-Link Tapo C200 v5 contains a stack-based buffer overflow flaw in RTSP authentication handling due to improper validation of Authorization header field lengths, which can be triggered by a crafted authentication request.

Successful exploitation causes the affected RTSP core service process to crash and triggers an automatic system reboot, resulting in a denial of service (DoS) condition. This prevents legitimate users from accessing the camera’s live video stream or management interface until the service restarts.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-1871"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-121"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-06-02T17:16:26Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "TP-Link Tapo C200 v5 contains a stack-based buffer overflow flaw in RTSP authentication handling due to improper validation of Authorization header field lengths, which can be triggered by a crafted authentication request.\n\nSuccessful exploitation causes the affected RTSP core service process to crash and triggers an automatic system reboot, resulting in a denial of service (DoS) condition.  This prevents legitimate users from accessing the camera\u2019s live video stream or management interface until the service restarts.",
  "id": "GHSA-92jw-rf4g-rwr2",
  "modified": "2026-06-04T18:30:26Z",
  "published": "2026-06-02T18:31:33Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-1871"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.tp-link.com/en/support/download/tapo-c200/v5/#Firmware-Release-Notes"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.tp-link.com/kr/support/download/tapo-c200/#Firmware-Release-Notes"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.tp-link.com/us/support/download/tapo-c200/v5/#Firmware-Release-Notes"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.tp-link.com/us/support/faq/5113"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:A/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

Mitigation MIT-10
Operation Build and Compilation

Strategy: Environment Hardening

  • Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
  • D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Use an abstraction library to abstract away risky APIs. Not a complete solution.

Mitigation
Implementation

Implement and perform bounds checking on input.

Mitigation
Implementation

Do not use dangerous functions such as gets. Use safer, equivalent functions which check for boundary errors.

Mitigation MIT-11
Operation Build and Compilation

Strategy: Environment Hardening

  • Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
  • Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
  • For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].

No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.