Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-121
AllowedStack-based Buffer Overflow
Abstraction: Variant · Status: Draft
A stack-based buffer overflow condition is a condition where the buffer being overwritten is allocated on the stack (i.e., is a local variable or, rarely, a parameter to a function).
5732 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-5VQ9-CJ6J-3H3R
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-06-09 18:30 – Updated: 2026-06-18 18:35
VLAI
Details
Insufficient input validation of buffers vulnerability in the listed NETGEAR models allows authenticated administrators connected to the local network to make unauthorized modification of router software and functionality.
Severity
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-0413"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-06-09T17:16:58Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Insufficient input validation of buffers vulnerability in the\u00a0listed NETGEAR models allows\u00a0authenticated administrators connected to the local network to make unauthorized modification of router software and functionality.",
"id": "GHSA-5vq9-cj6j-3h3r",
"modified": "2026-06-18T18:35:17Z",
"published": "2026-06-09T18:30:40Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-0413"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://kb.netgear.com/000070811/June-2026-NETGEAR-Security-Advisory"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.netgear.com/support/product/rbe372"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.netgear.com/support/product/rbe770"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.netgear.com/support/product/rbr750"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.netgear.com/support/product/rbr840"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.netgear.com/support/product/rbr850"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.netgear.com/support/product/rbr860"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.netgear.com/support/product/rbre950"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.netgear.com/support/product/rbre960"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.netgear.com/support/product/rbs750"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.netgear.com/support/product/rbs840"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.netgear.com/support/product/rbs850"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.netgear.com/support/product/rbs860"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.netgear.com/support/product/rbse950"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.netgear.com/support/product/rbse960"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:A/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:U/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-5VQC-63MJ-RGGW
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-03-20 15:32 – Updated: 2024-08-02 21:31
VLAI
Details
Buffer Overflow vulnerability in open source FreeImage v.3.19.0 [r1909] allows a local attacker to execute arbitrary code via the _assignPixel<>() function when reading images in TARGA format.
Severity
8.4 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-28581"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-03-20T06:15:11Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Buffer Overflow vulnerability in open source FreeImage v.3.19.0 [r1909] allows a local attacker to execute arbitrary code via the _assignPixel\u003c\u003e() function when reading images in TARGA format.",
"id": "GHSA-5vqc-63mj-rggw",
"modified": "2024-08-02T21:31:33Z",
"published": "2024-03-20T15:32:46Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-28581"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/Ruanxingzhi/vul-report/tree/master/freeimage-r1909"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-5W36-X85H-PPHM
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-01-27 21:31 – Updated: 2026-06-30 03:35
VLAI
Details
In GnuPG before 2.5.17, a crafted CMS (S/MIME) EnvelopedData message carrying an oversized wrapped session key can cause a stack-based buffer overflow in gpg-agent during PKDECRYPT--kem=CMS handling. This can easily be leveraged for denial of service; however, there is also memory corruption that could lead to remote code execution.
Severity
8.1 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-24881"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-01-27T19:16:16Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "In GnuPG before 2.5.17, a crafted CMS (S/MIME) EnvelopedData message carrying an oversized wrapped session key can cause a stack-based buffer overflow in gpg-agent during PKDECRYPT--kem=CMS handling. This can easily be leveraged for denial of service; however, there is also memory corruption that could lead to remote code execution.",
"id": "GHSA-5w36-x85h-pphm",
"modified": "2026-06-30T03:35:30Z",
"published": "2026-01-27T21:31:49Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-24881"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-24881"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2433480"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://dev.gnupg.org/T8044"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2026/cve-2026-24881.json"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2026/01/27/8"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-5W53-GHHH-45V8
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-05-06 15:32 – Updated: 2026-08-10 18:32
VLAI
Details
Stack-based Buffer Overflow vulnerability in the WatchGuard Agent discovery service on Windows allows Overflow Buffers. An unauthenticated attacker on the same local network could exploit this vulnerability to crash the agent service.
Severity
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-41287"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-05-06T15:16:10Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Stack-based Buffer Overflow vulnerability in the WatchGuard Agent discovery service on Windows allows Overflow Buffers. An unauthenticated attacker on the same local network could exploit this vulnerability to crash the agent service.",
"id": "GHSA-5w53-ghhh-45v8",
"modified": "2026-08-10T18:32:01Z",
"published": "2026-05-06T15:32:41Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-41287"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://psirt.watchguard.com/CVE-2026-41287"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.watchguard.com/wgrd-psirt/advisory/wgsa-2026-00010"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:A/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-5W8C-RF58-5848
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:41 – Updated: 2022-05-24 17:41
VLAI
Details
Multiple vulnerabilities in the web-based management interface of Cisco Small Business RV016, RV042, RV042G, RV082, RV320, and RV325 Routers could allow an authenticated, remote attacker to execute arbitrary code or cause an affected device to restart unexpectedly. These vulnerabilities are due to improper validation of user-supplied input in the web-based management interface. An attacker could exploit these vulnerabilities by sending crafted HTTP requests to an affected device. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to execute arbitrary code as the root user on the underlying operating system or cause the device to reload, resulting in a denial of service (DoS) condition. To exploit these vulnerabilities, an attacker would need to have valid administrator credentials on the affected device.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-1329"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-02-04T17:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Multiple vulnerabilities in the web-based management interface of Cisco Small Business RV016, RV042, RV042G, RV082, RV320, and RV325 Routers could allow an authenticated, remote attacker to execute arbitrary code or cause an affected device to restart unexpectedly. These vulnerabilities are due to improper validation of user-supplied input in the web-based management interface. An attacker could exploit these vulnerabilities by sending crafted HTTP requests to an affected device. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to execute arbitrary code as the root user on the underlying operating system or cause the device to reload, resulting in a denial of service (DoS) condition. To exploit these vulnerabilities, an attacker would need to have valid administrator credentials on the affected device.",
"id": "GHSA-5w8c-rf58-5848",
"modified": "2022-05-24T17:41:03Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:41:03Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-1329"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://tools.cisco.com/security/center/content/CiscoSecurityAdvisory/cisco-sa-rv-overflow-ghZP68yj"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-5WCR-RMV8-7C46
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-09-09 18:31 – Updated: 2025-09-10 15:31
VLAI
Details
Tenda G3 v3.0br_V15.11.0.17 was discovered to contain a stack overflow in the vpnUsers parameter in the formAddVpnUsers function. This vulnerability allows attackers to cause a Denial of Service (DoS) via a crafted request.
Severity
7.5 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-57071"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-09-09T17:16:09Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Tenda G3 v3.0br_V15.11.0.17 was discovered to contain a stack overflow in the vpnUsers parameter in the formAddVpnUsers function. This vulnerability allows attackers to cause a Denial of Service (DoS) via a crafted request.",
"id": "GHSA-5wcr-rmv8-7c46",
"modified": "2025-09-10T15:31:15Z",
"published": "2025-09-09T18:31:24Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-57071"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/vulnDetailRecord/VulforDevice/blob/main/Tenda/G3/formAddVpnUsers.md"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-5WCV-84V4-WH3Q
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-09-08 18:32 – Updated: 2026-09-08 18:32
VLAI
Details
Stack-based buffer overflow in Microsoft Office Word allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code over a network.
Severity
8.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-69759"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-09-08T18:19:47Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Stack-based buffer overflow in Microsoft Office Word allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code over a network.",
"id": "GHSA-5wcv-84v4-wh3q",
"modified": "2026-09-08T18:32:57Z",
"published": "2026-09-08T18:32:57Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-69759"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2026-69759"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-5WPM-59M4-CXH5
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-03-22 06:30 – Updated: 2024-03-22 06:30
VLAI
Details
A vulnerability classified as critical was found in Tenda AC15 15.03.05.18/15.03.20_multi. This vulnerability affects the function formExpandDlnaFile of the file /goform/expandDlnaFile. The manipulation of the argument filePath leads to stack-based buffer overflow. The attack can be initiated remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. VDB-257662 is the identifier assigned to this vulnerability. NOTE: The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.
Severity
8.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-2807"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-03-22T05:15:48Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A vulnerability classified as critical was found in Tenda AC15 15.03.05.18/15.03.20_multi. This vulnerability affects the function formExpandDlnaFile of the file /goform/expandDlnaFile. The manipulation of the argument filePath leads to stack-based buffer overflow. The attack can be initiated remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. VDB-257662 is the identifier assigned to this vulnerability. NOTE: The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.",
"id": "GHSA-5wpm-59m4-cxh5",
"modified": "2024-03-22T06:30:25Z",
"published": "2024-03-22T06:30:25Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-2807"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/abcdefg-png/IoT-vulnerable/blob/main/Tenda/AC15/V1.0%20V15.03.20_multi/formExpandDlnaFile.md"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.257662"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.257662"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-5WQX-3CWH-CGG8
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-03-16 06:30 – Updated: 2024-08-28 18:31
VLAI
Details
Buffer Overflow vulnerability in TOTOLink X5000R V9.1.0u.6118-B20201102 and A7000R V9.1.0u.6115-B20201022 allows a remote attacker to cause a denial of service (D0S) via the command field.
Severity
7.5 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-28640"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121",
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-03-16T06:15:14Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Buffer Overflow vulnerability in TOTOLink X5000R V9.1.0u.6118-B20201102 and A7000R V9.1.0u.6115-B20201022 allows a remote attacker to cause a denial of service (D0S) via the command field.",
"id": "GHSA-5wqx-3cwh-cgg8",
"modified": "2024-08-28T18:31:53Z",
"published": "2024-03-16T06:30:29Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-28640"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/ZIKH26/CVE-information/blob/master/TOTOLINK/Vulnerability%20Information_2.md"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-5WRJ-RJJW-W232
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-04-23 15:30 – Updated: 2024-08-07 18:30
VLAI
Details
Tenda FH1206 V1.2.0.8(8155)_EN was discovered to contain a stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability via the page parameter in ip/goform/addressNat.
Severity
7.5 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-33217"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-04-23T15:15:50Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Tenda FH1206 V1.2.0.8(8155)_EN was discovered to contain a stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability via the page parameter in ip/goform/addressNat.",
"id": "GHSA-5wrj-rjjw-w232",
"modified": "2024-08-07T18:30:38Z",
"published": "2024-04-23T15:30:36Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-33217"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://palm-vertebra-fe9.notion.site/fromAddressNat_page-e9c05fb00f89482fa340d21bbda30642"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation MIT-10
Operation
Build and Compilation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
- D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design
Use an abstraction library to abstract away risky APIs. Not a complete solution.
Mitigation
Implementation
Implement and perform bounds checking on input.
Mitigation
Implementation
Do not use dangerous functions such as gets. Use safer, equivalent functions which check for boundary errors.
Mitigation MIT-11
Operation
Build and Compilation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
- Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
- For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.