Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-121

Allowed

Stack-based Buffer Overflow

Abstraction: Variant · Status: Draft

A stack-based buffer overflow condition is a condition where the buffer being overwritten is allocated on the stack (i.e., is a local variable or, rarely, a parameter to a function).

5237 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

GHSA-8FQ2-GXF3-72RV

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-05-03 03:30 – Updated: 2024-05-03 03:30
VLAI
Details

TP-Link AX1800 Firmware Parsing Stack-based Buffer Overflow Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows network-adjacent attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of TP-Link AX1800 routers. Authentication is not required to exploit this vulnerability.

The specific flaw exists within the parsing of firmware images. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of the length of user-supplied data prior to copying it to a fixed-length stack-based buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of root. Was ZDI-CAN-19703.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-27346"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-121"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-05-03T02:15:12Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "TP-Link AX1800 Firmware Parsing Stack-based Buffer Overflow Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows network-adjacent attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of TP-Link AX1800 routers. Authentication is not required to exploit this vulnerability.\n\nThe specific flaw exists within the parsing of firmware images. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of the length of user-supplied data prior to copying it to a fixed-length stack-based buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of root. Was ZDI-CAN-19703.",
  "id": "GHSA-8fq2-gxf3-72rv",
  "modified": "2024-05-03T03:30:49Z",
  "published": "2024-05-03T03:30:49Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-27346"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-23-377"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-8G82-8886-Q7XH

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-03-26 21:30 – Updated: 2024-03-26 21:30
VLAI
Details

A vulnerability was found in Tenda AC7 15.03.06.44 and classified as critical. This issue affects the function fromSetWifiGusetBasic of the file /goform/WifiGuestSet. The manipulation of the argument shareSpeed leads to stack-based buffer overflow. The attack may be initiated remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The identifier VDB-257945 was assigned to this vulnerability. NOTE: The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-2902"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-121",
      "CWE-787"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-03-26T20:15:11Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "A vulnerability was found in Tenda AC7 15.03.06.44 and classified as critical. This issue affects the function fromSetWifiGusetBasic of the file /goform/WifiGuestSet. The manipulation of the argument shareSpeed leads to stack-based buffer overflow. The attack may be initiated remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The identifier VDB-257945 was assigned to this vulnerability. NOTE: The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.",
  "id": "GHSA-8g82-8886-q7xh",
  "modified": "2024-03-26T21:30:47Z",
  "published": "2024-03-26T21:30:47Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-2902"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/abcdefg-png/IoT-vulnerable/blob/main/Tenda/AC7/v1/fromSetWifiGusetBasic.md"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.257945"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.257945"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?submit.300449"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-8GMV-FF3F-R9VM

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-05-26 13:30 – Updated: 2026-05-26 13:30
VLAI
Details

SocuSoft iPod Photo Slideshow 8.05 contains a buffer overflow vulnerability in the registration dialog that allows local attackers to execute arbitrary code by overwriting the structured exception handler. Attackers can craft malicious input in the Registration Name and Registration Key fields to trigger a stack-based buffer overflow and execute a reverse shell payload.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2018-25375"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-121"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-05-25T15:16:20Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "SocuSoft iPod Photo Slideshow 8.05 contains a buffer overflow vulnerability in the registration dialog that allows local attackers to execute arbitrary code by overwriting the structured exception handler. Attackers can craft malicious input in the Registration Name and Registration Key fields to trigger a stack-based buffer overflow and execute a reverse shell payload.",
  "id": "GHSA-8gmv-ff3f-r9vm",
  "modified": "2026-05-26T13:30:44Z",
  "published": "2026-05-26T13:30:44Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-25375"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/45350"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/socusoft-ipod-photo-slideshow-buffer-overflow-seh"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.dvd-photo-slideshow.com/ipod-photo-slideshow.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-8GP8-WGCP-QXQQ

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-02-11 21:30 – Updated: 2026-02-11 21:30
VLAI
Details

Torrent 3GP Converter 1.51 contains a stack overflow vulnerability that allows attackers to execute arbitrary code by overwriting Structured Exception Handler (SEH) registers. Attackers can craft a malicious payload targeting the application's registration dialog to trigger code execution and open the calculator through carefully constructed buffer overflow techniques.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2020-37176"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-121"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-02-11T21:16:10Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Torrent 3GP Converter 1.51 contains a stack overflow vulnerability that allows attackers to execute arbitrary code by overwriting Structured Exception Handler (SEH) registers. Attackers can craft a malicious payload targeting the application\u0027s registration dialog to trigger code execution and open the calculator through carefully constructed buffer overflow techniques.",
  "id": "GHSA-8gp8-wgcp-qxqq",
  "modified": "2026-02-11T21:30:40Z",
  "published": "2026-02-11T21:30:40Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-37176"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/47965"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/torrent-gp-converter-stack-overflow-seh"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.torrentrockyou.com"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:A/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-8GWM-V64W-X477

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-03-19 06:30 – Updated: 2024-08-21 00:30
VLAI
Details

Shenzhen Libituo Technology Co., Ltd LBT-T300-mini1 v1.2.9 was discovered to contain a buffer overflow via lan_ipaddr parameters at /apply.cgi.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-28447"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-121"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-03-19T06:15:07Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Shenzhen Libituo Technology Co., Ltd LBT-T300-mini1 v1.2.9 was discovered to contain a buffer overflow via lan_ipaddr parameters at /apply.cgi.",
  "id": "GHSA-8gwm-v64w-x477",
  "modified": "2024-08-21T00:30:29Z",
  "published": "2024-03-19T06:30:53Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-28447"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/AdamRitz/lbtvul/blob/main/t300mini.md"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-8GX7-747G-J239

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-10-14 12:31 – Updated: 2025-10-14 15:31
VLAI
Details

In wlan AP driver, there is a possible out of bounds write due to an incorrect bounds check. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with User execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation. Patch ID: WCNCR00419945; Issue ID: MSV-3581.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-20718"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-121",
      "CWE-787"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-10-14T10:15:36Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "In wlan AP driver, there is a possible out of bounds write due to an incorrect bounds check. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with User execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation. Patch ID: WCNCR00419945; Issue ID: MSV-3581.",
  "id": "GHSA-8gx7-747g-j239",
  "modified": "2025-10-14T15:31:25Z",
  "published": "2025-10-14T12:31:31Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-20718"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://corp.mediatek.com/product-security-bulletin/October-2025"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-8H2X-2X97-8P95

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-08-21 15:30 – Updated: 2025-08-21 18:31
VLAI
Details

Tenda AC15 v15.03.05.19_multi_TD01 has a stack overflow via the list parameter in the fromSetIpMacBind function.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-55564"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-121"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-08-21T14:15:42Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Tenda AC15 v15.03.05.19_multi_TD01 has a stack overflow via the list parameter in the fromSetIpMacBind function.",
  "id": "GHSA-8h2x-2x97-8p95",
  "modified": "2025-08-21T18:31:27Z",
  "published": "2025-08-21T15:30:35Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-55564"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/clxhzg/CVE/blob/main/Tenda/AC15/SetIpMacBind.md"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://tendaac15v10brv15030519multitd01.com"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-8H58-W33P-WQ3G

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-02-13 20:54 – Updated: 2026-02-13 20:54
VLAI
Summary
rPGP affected by crash in message handling for deeply nested messages
Details

Summary

Previous rPGP versions could be caused to crash with a "stack overflow" when parsing messages that contain deeply nested message layers, such as messages with many signatures.

rPGP 0.19.0 resolves this issue with a more robust message handling implementation (via https://github.com/rpgp/rpgp/pull/625).

Impact

An attacker could cause applications to crash in rPGP's message parsing subsystem, when applications attempt to ingest messages.

Attribution

Discovered internally during rPGP development, using a fuzz test suite previously contributed by Christian Reitter.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "crates.io",
        "name": "pgp"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0.16.0-alpha.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "0.19.0"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-121"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2026-02-13T20:54:27Z",
    "nvd_published_at": null,
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "### Summary\nPrevious rPGP versions could be caused to crash with a \"stack overflow\" when parsing messages that contain deeply nested message layers, such as messages with many signatures.\n\nrPGP 0.19.0 resolves this issue with a more robust message handling implementation (via https://github.com/rpgp/rpgp/pull/625).\n\n### Impact\nAn attacker could cause applications to crash in rPGP\u0027s message parsing subsystem, when applications attempt to ingest messages.\n\n### Attribution\nDiscovered internally during rPGP development, using a fuzz test suite previously contributed by Christian Reitter.",
  "id": "GHSA-8h58-w33p-wq3g",
  "modified": "2026-02-13T20:54:27Z",
  "published": "2026-02-13T20:54:27Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/rpgp/rpgp/security/advisories/GHSA-8h58-w33p-wq3g"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/rpgp/rpgp/pull/625"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/rpgp/rpgp/commit/e82f2c7494ba277d62fd372d69b2c008473bbef8"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/rpgp/rpgp"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "rPGP affected by crash in message handling for deeply nested messages"
}

GHSA-8HH5-3WXR-W7GC

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-01-12 00:30 – Updated: 2023-01-19 21:30
VLAI
Details

Multiple exploitable buffer overflow vulnerabilities exist in the PubNub message handler for the "cc" channel of Insteon Hub running firmware version 1012. Specially crafted commands sent through the PubNub service can cause a stack-based buffer overflow overwriting arbitrary data. An attacker should send an authenticated HTTP request to trigger this vulnerability. In cmd s_time, at 0x9d018f60, the value for the dst key is copied using strcpy to the buffer at $sp+0x2b0.This buffer is 32 bytes large, sending anything longer will cause a buffer overflow.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2017-16288"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-121"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-01-11T22:15:00Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "Multiple exploitable buffer overflow vulnerabilities exist in the PubNub message handler for the \"cc\" channel of Insteon Hub running firmware version 1012. Specially crafted commands sent through the PubNub service can cause a stack-based buffer overflow overwriting arbitrary data. An attacker should send an authenticated HTTP request to trigger this vulnerability. In cmd s_time, at 0x9d018f60, the value for the `dst` key is copied using `strcpy` to the buffer at `$sp+0x2b0`.This buffer is 32 bytes large, sending anything longer will cause a buffer overflow.",
  "id": "GHSA-8hh5-3wxr-w7gc",
  "modified": "2023-01-19T21:30:26Z",
  "published": "2023-01-12T00:30:18Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-16288"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_reports/TALOS-2017-0483"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-8HJ4-V8CQ-7CQ7

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-11-04 09:31 – Updated: 2025-11-04 15:31
VLAI
Details

In wlan AP driver, there is a possible out of bounds write due to an incorrect bounds check. This could lead to local escalation of privilege if a malicious actor has already obtained the System privilege. User interaction is not needed for exploitation. Patch ID: WCNCR00435342; Issue ID: MSV-4039.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-20738"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-121",
      "CWE-787"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-11-04T07:15:42Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "In wlan AP driver, there is a possible out of bounds write due to an incorrect bounds check. This could lead to local escalation of privilege if a malicious actor has already obtained the System privilege. User interaction is not needed for exploitation. Patch ID: WCNCR00435342; Issue ID: MSV-4039.",
  "id": "GHSA-8hj4-v8cq-7cq7",
  "modified": "2025-11-04T15:31:34Z",
  "published": "2025-11-04T09:31:16Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-20738"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://corp.mediatek.com/product-security-bulletin/November-2025"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

Mitigation MIT-10
Operation Build and Compilation

Strategy: Environment Hardening

  • Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
  • D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Use an abstraction library to abstract away risky APIs. Not a complete solution.

Mitigation
Implementation

Implement and perform bounds checking on input.

Mitigation
Implementation

Do not use dangerous functions such as gets. Use safer, equivalent functions which check for boundary errors.

Mitigation MIT-11
Operation Build and Compilation

Strategy: Environment Hardening

  • Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
  • Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
  • For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].

No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.