CWE-121
AllowedStack-based Buffer Overflow
Abstraction: Variant · Status: Draft
A stack-based buffer overflow condition is a condition where the buffer being overwritten is allocated on the stack (i.e., is a local variable or, rarely, a parameter to a function).
5241 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-6W55-MVG6-H5H5
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-02-12 18:31 – Updated: 2025-03-05 21:32D-Link DIR-853 A1 FW1.20B07 was discovered to contain a stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability via the IPv6_PppoePassword parameter in the SetIPv6PppoeSettings module.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-25741"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-02-12T18:15:28Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "D-Link DIR-853 A1 FW1.20B07 was discovered to contain a stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability via the IPv6_PppoePassword parameter in the SetIPv6PppoeSettings module.",
"id": "GHSA-6w55-mvg6-h5h5",
"modified": "2025-03-05T21:32:04Z",
"published": "2025-02-12T18:31:36Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-25741"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://dear-sunshine-ba5.notion.site/D-Link-DIR-853-7-1812386a664480b7ac54d281afa629f5"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-6W8X-VRH5-R745
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-09-27 15:30 – Updated: 2024-04-04 07:55Tenda AC10U v1.0 US_AC10UV1.0RTL_V15.03.06.49_multi_TDE01 was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the mac parameter in the GetParentControlInfo function.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-44019"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-119",
"CWE-121"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-09-27T15:19:35Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "Tenda AC10U v1.0 US_AC10UV1.0RTL_V15.03.06.49_multi_TDE01 was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the mac parameter in the GetParentControlInfo function.",
"id": "GHSA-6w8x-vrh5-r745",
"modified": "2024-04-04T07:55:10Z",
"published": "2023-09-27T15:30:38Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-44019"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/aixiao0621/Tenda/blob/main/AC10U/5/0.md"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-6WRQ-8H5H-P788
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-01-12 00:30 – Updated: 2023-01-23 15:30Multiple exploitable buffer overflow vulnerabilities exist in the PubNub message handler for the "cc" channel of Insteon Hub running firmware version 1012. Specially crafted commands sent through the PubNub service can cause a stack-based buffer overflow overwriting arbitrary data. An attacker should send an authenticated HTTP request to trigger this vulnerability. In cmd s_sonos, at 0x9d01e228, the value for the c_group key is copied using strcpy to the buffer at $sp+0x2b0.This buffer is 32 bytes large, sending anything longer will cause a buffer overflow.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2017-16322"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-01-11T22:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Multiple exploitable buffer overflow vulnerabilities exist in the PubNub message handler for the \"cc\" channel of Insteon Hub running firmware version 1012. Specially crafted commands sent through the PubNub service can cause a stack-based buffer overflow overwriting arbitrary data. An attacker should send an authenticated HTTP request to trigger this vulnerability. In cmd s_sonos, at 0x9d01e228, the value for the `c_group` key is copied using `strcpy` to the buffer at `$sp+0x2b0`.This buffer is 32 bytes large, sending anything longer will cause a buffer overflow.",
"id": "GHSA-6wrq-8h5h-p788",
"modified": "2023-01-23T15:30:35Z",
"published": "2023-01-12T00:30:17Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-16322"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_reports/TALOS-2017-0483"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-6WXC-JQG3-V947
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-01-09 09:31 – Updated: 2025-01-09 15:31The .so library, which is used by , is vulnerable to a buffer overflow in the code that handles the deletion of certificates. This buffer overflow can be triggered by providing a long file path to the action of the .exe CGI binary or to the .sh CGI script. This binary or script will write this file path to , which is then read by .so
This issue affects Iocharger firmware for AC models before version 24120701.
Likelihood: Moderate – An attacker will have to find this exploit by either obtaining the binaries involved in this vulnerability, or by trial and error. Furthermore, the attacker will need a (low privilege) account to gain access to the .exe CGI binary or .sh script to trigger the vulnerability, or convince a user with such access send an HTTP request that triggers it.
Impact: High – The process, which we assume is responsible for OCPP communication, will keep crashing after performing the exploit. This happens because the buffer overflow causes the process to segfault before is removed. This means that, even though is automatically restarted, it will crash again as soon as it tries to parse the text file.
CVSS clarification. The attack can be executed over any network connection the station is listening to and serves the web interface (AV:N), and there are no additional security measure sin place that need to be circumvented (AC:L), the attack does not rely on preconditions (AT:N). The attack does require authentication, but the level of authentication is irrelevant (PR:L), it does not require user interaction (UI:N). The attack leads to reducred availability of the device (VC:N/VI:N/VA:H). THere is not impact on subsequent systems. (SC:N/SI:N/SA:N). Alltough this device is an EV charger handing significant amounts of power, we do not forsee a safety impact. The attack can be automated (AU:Y). Because the DoS condition is written to disk persistantly, it cannot be recovered by the user (R:I).
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-43661"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-01-09T08:15:29Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "The \u003credacted\u003e.so library, which is used by \u003credacted\u003e, is\nvulnerable to a buffer overflow in the code that handles the deletion\nof certificates. This buffer overflow can be triggered by providing a\nlong file path to the \u003credacted\u003e action of the \u003credacted\u003e.exe CGI binary or\nto the \u003credacted\u003e.sh CGI script. This binary or script will write this\nfile path to \u003credacted\u003e, which is then\nread by \u003credacted\u003e.so\n\n\nThis issue affects Iocharger firmware for AC models before version 24120701.\n\nLikelihood: Moderate \u2013 An attacker will have to find this exploit by\neither obtaining the binaries involved in this vulnerability, or by trial\nand error. Furthermore, the attacker will need a (low privilege)\naccount to gain access to the \u003credacted\u003e.exe CGI binary or \u003credacted\u003e.sh\nscript to trigger the vulnerability, or convince a user with such access\nsend an HTTP request that triggers it.\n\n\nImpact: High \u2013 The \u003credacted\u003e process, which we assume is\nresponsible for OCPP communication, will keep crashing after\nperforming the exploit. This happens because the buffer overflow\ncauses the process to segfault before\n\u003credacted\u003e is removed. This means that,\neven though \u003credacted\u003e is automatically restarted, it will crash\nagain as soon as it tries to parse the text file.\n\nCVSS clarification. The attack can be executed over any network connection the station is listening to and serves the web interface (AV:N), and there are no additional security measure sin place that need to be circumvented (AC:L), the attack does not rely on preconditions (AT:N). The attack does require authentication, but the level of authentication is irrelevant (PR:L), it does not require user interaction (UI:N). The attack leads to reducred availability of the device (VC:N/VI:N/VA:H). THere is not impact on subsequent systems. (SC:N/SI:N/SA:N). Alltough this device is an EV charger handing significant amounts of power, we do not forsee a safety impact. The attack can be automated (AU:Y). Because the DoS condition is written to disk persistantly, it cannot be recovered by the user (R:I).",
"id": "GHSA-6wxc-jqg3-v947",
"modified": "2025-01-09T15:31:51Z",
"published": "2025-01-09T09:31:42Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-43661"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://csirt.divd.nl/CVE-2024-43661"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://csirt.divd.nl/DIVD-2024-00035"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://iocharger.com"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:Y/R:I/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-6X63-WXJ7-22MM
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-07-06 21:14 – Updated: 2024-04-04 05:40Advantech EKI-1524, EKI-1522, EKI-1521 devices through 1.21 are affected by a Stack-based Buffer Overflow vulnerability, which can be triggered by authenticated users via a crafted POST request.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-2575"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-05-08T13:15:09Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Advantech EKI-1524, EKI-1522, EKI-1521 devices through 1.21 are affected by a\u00a0Stack-based Buffer Overflow vulnerability, which can be triggered by authenticated\u00a0users via a crafted POST request.",
"id": "GHSA-6x63-wxj7-22mm",
"modified": "2024-04-04T05:40:19Z",
"published": "2023-07-06T21:14:54Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-2575"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://cyberdanube.com/en/multiple-vulnerabilities-in-advantech-eki-15xx-series"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.advantech.com/en/support/details/firmware?id=1-1J9BEBL"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.advantech.com/en/support/details/firmware?id=1-1J9BECT"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.advantech.com/en/support/details/firmware?id=1-1J9BED3"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/172307/Advantech-EKI-15XX-Series-Command-Injection-Buffer-Overflow.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2023/May/4"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-6XMC-RR6Q-VXQM
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-03-22 03:30 – Updated: 2024-03-22 03:30A vulnerability was found in Tenda AC15 15.03.05.18/15.03.20_multi. It has been rated as critical. Affected by this issue is the function formSetSpeedWan of the file /goform/SetSpeedWan. The manipulation of the argument speed_dir leads to stack-based buffer overflow. The attack may be launched remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The identifier of this vulnerability is VDB-257660. NOTE: The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-2805"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-03-22T03:15:08Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A vulnerability was found in Tenda AC15 15.03.05.18/15.03.20_multi. It has been rated as critical. Affected by this issue is the function formSetSpeedWan of the file /goform/SetSpeedWan. The manipulation of the argument speed_dir leads to stack-based buffer overflow. The attack may be launched remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The identifier of this vulnerability is VDB-257660. NOTE: The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.",
"id": "GHSA-6xmc-rr6q-vxqm",
"modified": "2024-03-22T03:30:44Z",
"published": "2024-03-22T03:30:44Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-2805"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/abcdefg-png/IoT-vulnerable/blob/main/Tenda/AC15/V1.0%20V15.03.20_multi/SetSpeedWan.md"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.257660"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.257660"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-6XQ6-9J2P-Q9CG
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:48 – Updated: 2022-05-24 17:48Delta Industrial Automation COMMGR Versions 1.12 and prior are vulnerable to a stack-based buffer overflow, which may allow an attacker to execute remote code.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-27480"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-04-27T12:15:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "Delta Industrial Automation COMMGR Versions 1.12 and prior are vulnerable to a stack-based buffer overflow, which may allow an attacker to execute remote code.",
"id": "GHSA-6xq6-9j2p-q9cg",
"modified": "2022-05-24T17:48:59Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:48:59Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-27480"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://us-cert.cisa.gov/ics/advisories/icsa-21-110-03"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-6XRM-QMH2-P8GF
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-07-06 15:30 – Updated: 2025-11-04 21:30Multiple buffer overflow vulnerabilities exist in the vtysh_ubus binary of Milesight UR32L v32.3.0.5 due to the use of an unsafe sprintf pattern. A specially crafted HTTP request can lead to a buffer overflow. An attacker can send HTTP requests to trigger these vulnerabilities.This buffer overflow occurs in the set_openvpn_client function with the remote_subnet and the remote_mask variables.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-25124"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-07-06T15:15:15Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Multiple buffer overflow vulnerabilities exist in the vtysh_ubus binary of Milesight UR32L v32.3.0.5 due to the use of an unsafe sprintf pattern. A specially crafted HTTP request can lead to a buffer overflow. An attacker can send HTTP requests to trigger these vulnerabilities.This buffer overflow occurs in the set_openvpn_client function with the remote_subnet and the remote_mask variables.",
"id": "GHSA-6xrm-qmh2-p8gf",
"modified": "2025-11-04T21:30:36Z",
"published": "2023-07-06T15:30:34Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-25124"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_reports/TALOS-2023-1716"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_reports/TALOS-2023-1716"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-7294-H4JP-X95F
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-03-19 06:30 – Updated: 2024-08-29 21:31Shenzhen Libituo Technology Co., Ltd LBT-T300-mini1 v1.2.9 was discovered to contain a buffer overflow via lan_netmask parameter at /apply.cgi.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-28446"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-03-19T06:15:07Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Shenzhen Libituo Technology Co., Ltd LBT-T300-mini1 v1.2.9 was discovered to contain a buffer overflow via lan_netmask parameter at /apply.cgi.",
"id": "GHSA-7294-h4jp-x95f",
"modified": "2024-08-29T21:31:02Z",
"published": "2024-03-19T06:30:53Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-28446"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/AdamRitz/lbtvul/blob/main/t300mini.md"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-72CR-6Q6W-FRG8
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-10-09 18:30 – Updated: 2025-10-09 21:31D-Link DIR-816A2_FWv1.10CNB05 was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the statuscheckpppoeuser parameter in the dir_setWanWifi function. This vulnerability allows attackers to cause a Denial of Service (DoS) via a crafted input.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-61577"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-10-09T16:15:48Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "D-Link DIR-816A2_FWv1.10CNB05 was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the statuscheckpppoeuser parameter in the dir_setWanWifi function. This vulnerability allows attackers to cause a Denial of Service (DoS) via a crafted input.",
"id": "GHSA-72cr-6q6w-frg8",
"modified": "2025-10-09T21:31:10Z",
"published": "2025-10-09T18:30:36Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-61577"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/Flechao1/iot-vuln/blob/main/dlink-816-b05.md"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/peris-navince/founded-0-days/blob/main/Dlink/816/dir_setWanWifi/1.md"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.dlink.com/en/security-bulletin"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation MIT-10
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
- D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
Mitigation
Use an abstraction library to abstract away risky APIs. Not a complete solution.
Mitigation
Implement and perform bounds checking on input.
Mitigation
Do not use dangerous functions such as gets. Use safer, equivalent functions which check for boundary errors.
Mitigation MIT-11
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
- Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
- For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.