CWE-121
AllowedStack-based Buffer Overflow
Abstraction: Variant · Status: Draft
A stack-based buffer overflow condition is a condition where the buffer being overwritten is allocated on the stack (i.e., is a local variable or, rarely, a parameter to a function).
5243 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-64C8-8QX9-25R7
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-06-02 18:31 – Updated: 2026-06-02 18:31CZ.NIC BIRD Internet Routing Daemon through 2.19.0 contains a stack-based buffer overflow in the BGP AS_PATH mask matching implementation in nest/a-path.c. The as_path_match() function uses a fixed-size stack array of 2048 + 1 pm_pos entries, while parse_path() expands AS_PATH segments from a received BGP UPDATE without enforcing a corresponding capacity limit. When RFC 8654 BGP Extended Messages are enabled and a BIRD filter evaluates an AS path mask expression such as "bgp_path ~ [= ... =]", an established BGP peer can send a long AS_PATH containing more than 2048 expanded ASNs. This causes parse_path()/as_path_match() to write beyond the fixed stack buffer, resulting in a crash of the daemon. NOTE: reportedly, the Supplier's position is that a fix is not being prioritized because all network operators should already be rejecting routes with unusually long attributes.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-49943"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-06-02T17:16:37Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "CZ.NIC BIRD Internet Routing Daemon through 2.19.0 contains a stack-based buffer overflow in the BGP AS_PATH mask matching implementation in nest/a-path.c. The as_path_match() function uses a fixed-size stack array of 2048 + 1 pm_pos entries, while parse_path() expands AS_PATH segments from a received BGP UPDATE without enforcing a corresponding capacity limit. When RFC 8654 BGP Extended Messages are enabled and a BIRD filter evaluates an AS path mask expression such as \"bgp_path ~ [= ... =]\", an established BGP peer can send a long AS_PATH containing more than 2048 expanded ASNs. This causes parse_path()/as_path_match() to write beyond the fixed stack buffer, resulting in a crash of the daemon. NOTE: reportedly, the Supplier\u0027s position is that a fix is not being prioritized because all network operators should already be rejecting routes with unusually long attributes.",
"id": "GHSA-64c8-8qx9-25r7",
"modified": "2026-06-02T18:31:34Z",
"published": "2026-06-02T18:31:34Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-49943"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bird.nic.cz"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://gitlab.nic.cz/labs/bird/-/blob/master/NEWS"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-64GC-33J4-53F4
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-02-19 00:30 – Updated: 2026-02-19 00:30Ayukov NFTP client 1.71 contains a buffer overflow vulnerability in the SYST command handling that allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code. Attackers can send a specially crafted SYST command with oversized payload to trigger a buffer overflow and execute a bind shell on port 5150.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2019-25361"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-02-18T22:16:21Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Ayukov NFTP client 1.71 contains a buffer overflow vulnerability in the SYST command handling that allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code. Attackers can send a specially crafted SYST command with oversized payload to trigger a buffer overflow and execute a bind shell on port 5150.",
"id": "GHSA-64gc-33j4-53f4",
"modified": "2026-02-19T00:30:29Z",
"published": "2026-02-19T00:30:29Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-25361"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/47576"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/ayukov-nftp-client-syst-buffer-overflow"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://ayukov.com/nftp"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:A/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-64GW-GXFQ-F34C
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-08-21 18:31 – Updated: 2024-08-21 18:31Autel MaxiCharger AC Elite Business C50 AppAuthenExchangeRandomNum Stack-Based Buffer Overflow Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows network-adjacent attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Autel MaxiCharger AC Elite Business C50 EV chargers. Authentication is not required to exploit this vulnerability.
The specific flaw exists within the handling of the AppAuthenExchangeRandomNum BLE command. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of the length of user-supplied data prior to copying it to a fixed-length stack-based buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the device. Was ZDI-CAN-23384.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-7795"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-119",
"CWE-121"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-08-21T16:15:11Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Autel MaxiCharger AC Elite Business C50 AppAuthenExchangeRandomNum Stack-Based Buffer Overflow Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows network-adjacent attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Autel MaxiCharger AC Elite Business C50 EV chargers. Authentication is not required to exploit this vulnerability.\n\nThe specific flaw exists within the handling of the AppAuthenExchangeRandomNum BLE command. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of the length of user-supplied data prior to copying it to a fixed-length stack-based buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the device. Was ZDI-CAN-23384.",
"id": "GHSA-64gw-gxfq-f34c",
"modified": "2024-08-21T18:31:28Z",
"published": "2024-08-21T18:31:28Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-7795"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-24-1154"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-64J9-936V-693J
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-02-19 00:30 – Updated: 2026-02-19 00:30Aida64 Engineer 6.10.5200 contains a buffer overflow vulnerability in the CSV logging configuration that allows attackers to execute malicious code by crafting a specially designed payload. Attackers can exploit the vulnerability by creating a malformed log file with carefully constructed SEH (Structured Exception Handler) overwrite techniques to achieve remote code execution.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2019-25360"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-02-18T22:16:21Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Aida64 Engineer 6.10.5200 contains a buffer overflow vulnerability in the CSV logging configuration that allows attackers to execute malicious code by crafting a specially designed payload. Attackers can exploit the vulnerability by creating a malformed log file with carefully constructed SEH (Structured Exception Handler) overwrite techniques to achieve remote code execution.",
"id": "GHSA-64j9-936v-693j",
"modified": "2026-02-19T00:30:29Z",
"published": "2026-02-19T00:30:29Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-25360"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.aida64.com"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.aida64.com/downloads/OTAwMmVmNTE="
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/47574"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/aida-buffer-overflow"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:A/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-64M7-3J89-3CJ8
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-08-01 18:31 – Updated: 2025-08-01 18:31Alpine iLX-507 CarPlay Stack-based Buffer Overflow Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows physically present attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Alpine iLX-507 devices. Authentication is not required to exploit this vulnerability.
The specific flaw exists within the implementation of the Apple CarPlay protocol. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of the length of user-supplied data prior to copying it to a fixed-length stack-based buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of root. Was ZDI-CAN-26318.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-8474"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-08-01T18:15:57Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Alpine iLX-507 CarPlay Stack-based Buffer Overflow Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows physically present attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Alpine iLX-507 devices. Authentication is not required to exploit this vulnerability.\n\nThe specific flaw exists within the implementation of the Apple CarPlay protocol. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of the length of user-supplied data prior to copying it to a fixed-length stack-based buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of root. Was ZDI-CAN-26318.",
"id": "GHSA-64m7-3j89-3cj8",
"modified": "2025-08-01T18:31:20Z",
"published": "2025-08-01T18:31:20Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-8474"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-25-763"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:P/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-64V7-64H5-R58H
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-02-11 21:30 – Updated: 2026-02-11 21:30Redir 3.3 contains a stack overflow vulnerability in the doproxyconnect() function that allows attackers to crash the application by sending oversized input. Attackers can exploit the sprintf() buffer without proper length checking to overwrite memory and cause a segmentation fault, resulting in program termination.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2020-37182"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-02-11T21:16:11Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Redir 3.3 contains a stack overflow vulnerability in the doproxyconnect() function that allows attackers to crash the application by sending oversized input. Attackers can exploit the sprintf() buffer without proper length checking to overwrite memory and cause a segmentation fault, resulting in program termination.",
"id": "GHSA-64v7-64h5-r58h",
"modified": "2026-02-11T21:30:41Z",
"published": "2026-02-11T21:30:41Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-37182"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/troglobit/redir"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/47919"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/redir-denial-of-service"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-64W6-XCPC-2GC3
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-05-01 18:31 – Updated: 2026-05-01 18:31miaofng/uds-c commit e506334e270d77b20c0bc259ac6c7d8c9b702b7a (2016-10-05) contains a stack buffer overflow in send_diagnostic_request. A 6-byte stack buffer (MAX_DIAGNOSTIC_PAYLOAD_SIZE=6) receives memcpy at offset 1+pid_length with payload_length bytes. MAX_UDS_REQUEST_PAYLOAD_LENGTH=7, so 1+2+7=10 exceeds buffer by 4 bytes. No bounds check on payload_length before memcpy.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-37536"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-05-01T17:16:23Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "miaofng/uds-c commit e506334e270d77b20c0bc259ac6c7d8c9b702b7a (2016-10-05) contains a stack buffer overflow in send_diagnostic_request. A 6-byte stack buffer (MAX_DIAGNOSTIC_PAYLOAD_SIZE=6) receives memcpy at offset 1+pid_length with payload_length bytes. MAX_UDS_REQUEST_PAYLOAD_LENGTH=7, so 1+2+7=10 exceeds buffer by 4 bytes. No bounds check on payload_length before memcpy.",
"id": "GHSA-64w6-xcpc-2gc3",
"modified": "2026-05-01T18:31:25Z",
"published": "2026-05-01T18:31:25Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-37536"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://gist.github.com/sgInnora/f4ac66faeefe07a653ceeb3f58cdc381"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/miaofng/uds-c"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/openxc/uds-c"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-653M-4R27-3M6M
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-02-19 00:30 – Updated: 2026-02-19 00:30Control Center PRO 6.2.9 contains a stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability in the user creation module's username field that allows attackers to overwrite Structured Exception Handler (SEH). Attackers can craft a malicious payload exceeding 664 bytes to inject shellcode and potentially execute arbitrary code on vulnerable Windows systems.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2019-25357"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-02-18T22:16:21Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Control Center PRO 6.2.9 contains a stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability in the user creation module\u0027s username field that allows attackers to overwrite Structured Exception Handler (SEH). Attackers can craft a malicious payload exceeding 664 bytes to inject shellcode and potentially execute arbitrary code on vulnerable Windows systems.",
"id": "GHSA-653m-4r27-3m6m",
"modified": "2026-02-19T00:30:28Z",
"published": "2026-02-19T00:30:28Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-25357"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/47645"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/control-center-pro-local-stack-based-bufferoverflow"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.webgateinc.com/wgi/eng/products/list.php?ec_idx1=P610"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.webgateinc.com/wgi/eng/products/list.php?ec_idx1=P610\u0026ptype=view\u0026page=\u0026p_idx=90\u0026tab=download\u0026#tabdown"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:A/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-655J-V78G-4XC5
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-07-23 15:31 – Updated: 2024-07-24 15:31A stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability due to a missing bounds check in the NI I/O Trace Tool may result in arbitrary code execution. Successful exploitation requires an attacker to provide a user with a specially crafted nitrace file.
The NI I/O Trace tool is installed as part of the NI System Configuration utilities included with many NI software products. Refer to the NI Security Advisory for identifying the version of NI IO Trace.exe installed. The NI I/O Trace tool was also previously released as NI Spy.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-5602"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-07-23T14:15:15Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability due to a missing bounds check in the NI I/O Trace Tool may result in arbitrary code execution. Successful exploitation requires an attacker to provide a user with a specially crafted nitrace file.\n\nThe NI I/O Trace tool is installed as part of the NI System Configuration utilities included with many NI software products.\u202f Refer to the NI Security Advisory for identifying the version of NI IO Trace.exe installed. The NI I/O Trace tool was also previously released as NI Spy.",
"id": "GHSA-655j-v78g-4xc5",
"modified": "2024-07-24T15:31:26Z",
"published": "2024-07-23T15:31:09Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-5602"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.ni.com/en/support/security/available-critical-and-security-updates-for-ni-software/stack-based-buffer-overflow-vulnerability-in-ni-io-trace-tool.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-65PF-462R-G52C
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-04-30 18:09 – Updated: 2024-08-01 21:31root privileges via buffer overflow in ordist command on SGI IRIX systems.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-1999-0029"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121",
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "1997-07-16T04:00:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "root privileges via buffer overflow in ordist command on SGI IRIX systems.",
"id": "GHSA-65pf-462r-g52c",
"modified": "2024-08-01T21:31:37Z",
"published": "2022-04-30T18:09:49Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-1999-0029"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/CVE-1999-0029"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation MIT-10
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
- D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
Mitigation
Use an abstraction library to abstract away risky APIs. Not a complete solution.
Mitigation
Implement and perform bounds checking on input.
Mitigation
Do not use dangerous functions such as gets. Use safer, equivalent functions which check for boundary errors.
Mitigation MIT-11
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
- Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
- For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.