CWE-121
AllowedStack-based Buffer Overflow
Abstraction: Variant · Status: Draft
A stack-based buffer overflow condition is a condition where the buffer being overwritten is allocated on the stack (i.e., is a local variable or, rarely, a parameter to a function).
5243 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-395R-V34F-5JMW
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-03-17 09:30 – Updated: 2024-03-17 09:30A vulnerability was found in Tenda AC18 15.03.05.05. It has been rated as critical. This issue affects the function formexeCommand of the file /goform/execCommand. The manipulation of the argument cmdinput leads to stack-based buffer overflow. The attack may be initiated remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The identifier VDB-257057 was assigned to this vulnerability. NOTE: The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-2558"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-03-17T09:15:07Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A vulnerability was found in Tenda AC18 15.03.05.05. It has been rated as critical. This issue affects the function formexeCommand of the file /goform/execCommand. The manipulation of the argument cmdinput leads to stack-based buffer overflow. The attack may be initiated remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The identifier VDB-257057 was assigned to this vulnerability. NOTE: The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.",
"id": "GHSA-395r-v34f-5jmw",
"modified": "2024-03-17T09:30:45Z",
"published": "2024-03-17T09:30:45Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-2558"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/abcdefg-png/IoT-vulnerable/blob/main/Tenda/AC18/formexeCommand.md"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.257057"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.257057"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-396G-3MMQ-29WC
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-05-03 03:31 – Updated: 2024-05-03 03:31D-Link DIR-3040 prog.cgi SetIPv6PppoeSettings Stack-Based Buffer Overflow Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows network-adjacent attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of D-Link DIR-3040 routers. Authentication is required to exploit this vulnerability.
The specific flaw exists within the prog.cgi binary, which handles HNAP requests made to the lighttpd webserver listening on TCP ports 80 and 443. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of a user-supplied string before copying it to a fixed-size stack-based buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of root. Was ZDI-CAN-21651.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-41225"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-05-03T03:15:34Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "D-Link DIR-3040 prog.cgi SetIPv6PppoeSettings Stack-Based Buffer Overflow Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows network-adjacent attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of D-Link DIR-3040 routers. Authentication is required to exploit this vulnerability.\n\nThe specific flaw exists within the prog.cgi binary, which handles HNAP requests made to the lighttpd webserver listening on TCP ports 80 and 443. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of a user-supplied string before copying it to a fixed-size stack-based buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of root. Was ZDI-CAN-21651.",
"id": "GHSA-396g-3mmq-29wc",
"modified": "2024-05-03T03:31:00Z",
"published": "2024-05-03T03:31:00Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-41225"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://supportannouncement.us.dlink.com/announcement/publication.aspx?name=SAP10350"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-23-1333"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:A/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-39Q5-6P3F-G6GF
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-07-14 18:32 – Updated: 2026-07-14 18:32Stack-based buffer overflow in Active Directory Federation Services allows an unauthorized attacker to deny service over a network.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-50368"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-07-14T18:17:37Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Stack-based buffer overflow in Active Directory Federation Services allows an unauthorized attacker to deny service over a network.",
"id": "GHSA-39q5-6p3f-g6gf",
"modified": "2026-07-14T18:32:18Z",
"published": "2026-07-14T18:32:18Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-50368"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2026-50368"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-39QP-7MXH-5JRR
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-01-15 06:30 – Updated: 2024-01-15 06:30A vulnerability has been found in Tenda W9 1.0.0.7(4456) and classified as critical. This vulnerability affects the function formQosManage_auto of the component httpd. The manipulation of the argument ssidIndex leads to stack-based buffer overflow. The attack can be initiated remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The identifier of this vulnerability is VDB-250708. NOTE: The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-0538"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-01-15T04:15:08Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A vulnerability has been found in Tenda W9 1.0.0.7(4456) and classified as critical. This vulnerability affects the function formQosManage_auto of the component httpd. The manipulation of the argument ssidIndex leads to stack-based buffer overflow. The attack can be initiated remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The identifier of this vulnerability is VDB-250708. NOTE: The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.",
"id": "GHSA-39qp-7mxh-5jrr",
"modified": "2024-01-15T06:30:26Z",
"published": "2024-01-15T06:30:26Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-0538"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/jylsec/vuldb/blob/main/Tenda/W9/3/README.md"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.250708"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.250708"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-39W2-W255-FRC6
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-03-04 21:32 – Updated: 2026-03-05 18:31Stack buffer overflow vulnerability in D-Link DIR-513 v1.10 via the curtime parameter to the goform/formEasySetupWWConfig component
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-70225"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-03-04T21:16:02Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "Stack buffer overflow vulnerability in D-Link DIR-513 v1.10 via the curtime parameter to the goform/formEasySetupWWConfig component",
"id": "GHSA-39w2-w255-frc6",
"modified": "2026-03-05T18:31:36Z",
"published": "2026-03-04T21:32:46Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-70225"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/akuma-QAQ/CVEreport/tree/main/D-link/CVE-2025-70225"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.dlink.com.cn/techsupport/ProductInfo.aspx?m=DIR-513"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.dlink.com/en/security-bulletin"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-3CF7-8394-7XMP
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-04-27 15:31 – Updated: 2024-04-27 15:31A vulnerability was found in Tenda i21 1.0.0.14(4656). It has been rated as critical. Affected by this issue is the function fromDhcpSetSer of the file /goform/DhcpSetSe. The manipulation of the argument dhcpStartIp/dhcpEndIp/dhcpGw/dhcpMask/dhcpLeaseTime/dhcpDns1/dhcpDns2 leads to stack-based buffer overflow. The attack may be launched remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. VDB-262142 is the identifier assigned to this vulnerability. NOTE: The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-4251"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-04-27T13:15:09Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A vulnerability was found in Tenda i21 1.0.0.14(4656). It has been rated as critical. Affected by this issue is the function fromDhcpSetSer of the file /goform/DhcpSetSe. The manipulation of the argument dhcpStartIp/dhcpEndIp/dhcpGw/dhcpMask/dhcpLeaseTime/dhcpDns1/dhcpDns2 leads to stack-based buffer overflow. The attack may be launched remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. VDB-262142 is the identifier assigned to this vulnerability. NOTE: The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.",
"id": "GHSA-3cf7-8394-7xmp",
"modified": "2024-04-27T15:31:07Z",
"published": "2024-04-27T15:31:07Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-4251"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/abcdefg-png/IoT-vulnerable/blob/main/Tenda/i/i21/fromDhcpSetSer.md"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.262142"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.262142"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?submit.319836"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-3CFF-M666-2Q5G
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-07-21 00:30 – Updated: 2026-07-21 18:30The Tenda TX9 V22.03.02.20 firmware has a stack overflow vulnerability in the sub_425964 function of the file /goform/SetOnlineDevName
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-51315"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-07-20T22:17:03Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "The Tenda TX9 V22.03.02.20 firmware has a stack overflow vulnerability in the sub_425964 function of the file /goform/SetOnlineDevName",
"id": "GHSA-3cff-m666-2q5g",
"modified": "2026-07-21T18:30:55Z",
"published": "2026-07-21T00:30:28Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-51315"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://gitee.com/GXB0_0/iot-vul/blob/master/Tenda/TX9/20/SetOnlineDevName_mac.md"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.tendacn.com/download/detail-4515.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-3CQ9-3JX9-29J3
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-05-03 03:30 – Updated: 2024-05-03 03:30Ashlar-Vellum Cobalt CO File Parsing Stack-based Buffer Overflow Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Ashlar-Vellum Cobalt. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file.
The specific flaw exists within the parsing of CO files. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of the length of user-supplied data prior to copying it to a stack-based buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-17865.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-34302"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-05-03T02:15:31Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Ashlar-Vellum Cobalt CO File Parsing Stack-based Buffer Overflow Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Ashlar-Vellum Cobalt. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file.\n\nThe specific flaw exists within the parsing of CO files. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of the length of user-supplied data prior to copying it to a stack-based buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-17865.",
"id": "GHSA-3cq9-3jx9-29j3",
"modified": "2024-05-03T03:30:52Z",
"published": "2024-05-03T03:30:52Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-34302"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-23-862"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-3CR4-47VG-RM82
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-04-30 06:30 – Updated: 2026-04-30 06:30HTTP protocol dissector crash in Wireshark 4.6.0 to 4.6.4 and 4.4.0 to 4.4.14 allows denial of service
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-6868"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-04-30T06:16:16Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "HTTP protocol dissector crash in Wireshark 4.6.0 to 4.6.4 and 4.4.0 to 4.4.14 allows denial of service",
"id": "GHSA-3cr4-47vg-rm82",
"modified": "2026-04-30T06:30:30Z",
"published": "2026-04-30T06:30:30Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-6868"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://gitlab.com/wireshark/wireshark/-/work_items/21185"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.wireshark.org/security/wnpa-sec-2026-46.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-3CR6-HPF3-2HMG
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-03-19 18:31 – Updated: 2026-04-29 21:31A stack buffer overflow vulnerability exists in wolfSSL's PKCS7 SignedData encoding functionality. In wc_PKCS7_BuildSignedAttributes(), when adding custom signed attributes, the code passes an incorrect capacity value (esd->signedAttribsCount) to EncodeAttributes() instead of the remaining available space in the fixed-size signedAttribs[7] array. When an application sets pkcs7->signedAttribsSz to a value greater than MAX_SIGNED_ATTRIBS_SZ (default 7) minus the number of default attributes already added, EncodeAttributes() writes beyond the array bounds, causing stack memory corruption. In WOLFSSL_SMALL_STACK builds, this becomes heap corruption. Exploitation requires an application that allows untrusted input to control the signedAttribs array size when calling wc_PKCS7_EncodeSignedData() or related signing functions.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-0819"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-03-19T17:16:21Z",
"severity": "LOW"
},
"details": "A stack buffer overflow vulnerability exists in wolfSSL\u0027s PKCS7 SignedData encoding functionality. In wc_PKCS7_BuildSignedAttributes(), when adding custom signed attributes, the code passes an incorrect capacity value (esd-\u003esignedAttribsCount) to EncodeAttributes() instead of the remaining available space in the fixed-size signedAttribs[7] array. When an application sets pkcs7-\u003esignedAttribsSz to a value greater than MAX_SIGNED_ATTRIBS_SZ (default 7) minus the number of default attributes already added, EncodeAttributes() writes beyond the array bounds, causing stack memory corruption. In WOLFSSL_SMALL_STACK builds, this becomes heap corruption. Exploitation requires an application that allows untrusted input to control the signedAttribs array size when calling wc_PKCS7_EncodeSignedData() or related signing functions.",
"id": "GHSA-3cr6-hpf3-2hmg",
"modified": "2026-04-29T21:31:19Z",
"published": "2026-03-19T18:31:18Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-0819"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/wolfSSL/wolfssl/pull/9630"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:U/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
Mitigation MIT-10
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
- D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
Mitigation
Use an abstraction library to abstract away risky APIs. Not a complete solution.
Mitigation
Implement and perform bounds checking on input.
Mitigation
Do not use dangerous functions such as gets. Use safer, equivalent functions which check for boundary errors.
Mitigation MIT-11
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
- Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
- For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.