CWE-1021
AllowedImproper Restriction of Rendered UI Layers or Frames
Abstraction: Base · Status: Incomplete
The web application does not restrict or incorrectly restricts frame objects or UI layers that belong to another application or domain.
473 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-WMWV-WGQW-75XR
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-12-22 21:30 – Updated: 2025-04-15 21:31When reusing existing popups Firefox would have allowed them to cover the fullscreen notification UI, which could have enabled browser spoofing attacks. This vulnerability affects Thunderbird < 91.9, Firefox ESR < 91.9, and Firefox < 100.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-29914"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-1021"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-12-22T20:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "When reusing existing popups Firefox would have allowed them to cover the fullscreen notification UI, which could have enabled browser spoofing attacks. This vulnerability affects Thunderbird \u003c 91.9, Firefox ESR \u003c 91.9, and Firefox \u003c 100.",
"id": "GHSA-wmwv-wgqw-75xr",
"modified": "2025-04-15T21:31:24Z",
"published": "2022-12-22T21:30:29Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-29914"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=1746448"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2022-16"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2022-17"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2022-18"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-WRFX-QXXC-92RJ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-12-22 21:30 – Updated: 2025-04-15 18:31When receiving an HTML email that specified to load an iframe element from a remote location, a request to the remote document was sent. However, Thunderbird didn't display the document. This vulnerability affects Thunderbird < 102.2.1 and Thunderbird < 91.13.1.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-3034"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-1021"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-12-22T20:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "When receiving an HTML email that specified to load an \u003ccode\u003eiframe\u003c/code\u003e element from a remote location, a request to the remote document was sent. However, Thunderbird didn\u0027t display the document. This vulnerability affects Thunderbird \u003c 102.2.1 and Thunderbird \u003c 91.13.1.",
"id": "GHSA-wrfx-qxxc-92rj",
"modified": "2025-04-15T18:31:34Z",
"published": "2022-12-22T21:30:28Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-3034"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=1745751"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2022-38"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2022-39"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-WRH2-89VG-4J9G
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-05-26 13:30 – Updated: 2026-05-26 13:30Parsing arbitrary HTML which is then rendered using Render can result in an unexpected HTML tree. This can be leveraged to execute XSS attacks in applications that attempt to sanitize input HTML before rendering.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-42502"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-1021"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-05-22T16:16:20Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Parsing arbitrary HTML which is then rendered using Render can result in an unexpected HTML tree. This can be leveraged to execute XSS attacks in applications that attempt to sanitize input HTML before rendering.",
"id": "GHSA-wrh2-89vg-4j9g",
"modified": "2026-05-26T13:30:18Z",
"published": "2026-05-26T13:30:18Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-42502"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://go.dev/cl/781701"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://go.dev/issue/79572"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://groups.google.com/g/golang-announce/c/iI-mYSI0lu8"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://pkg.go.dev/vuln/GO-2026-5027"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-WVGQ-535M-4V9Q
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:35 – Updated: 2022-05-24 17:35An inconsistent user interface issue was addressed with improved state management. This issue is fixed in Safari 14.0. Visiting a malicious website may lead to address bar spoofing.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2020-9987"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-1021"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2020-12-08T20:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "An inconsistent user interface issue was addressed with improved state management. This issue is fixed in Safari 14.0. Visiting a malicious website may lead to address bar spoofing.",
"id": "GHSA-wvgq-535m-4v9q",
"modified": "2022-05-24T17:35:48Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:35:48Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-9987"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT211845"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-WVHX-F4V3-X2M8
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-21 00:00 – Updated: 2022-06-02 00:00Improper Restriction of Rendered UI Layers or Frames in GitHub repository polonel/trudesk prior to 1.2.2.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-1803"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-1021"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-05-20T22:16:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Improper Restriction of Rendered UI Layers or Frames in GitHub repository polonel/trudesk prior to 1.2.2.",
"id": "GHSA-wvhx-f4v3-x2m8",
"modified": "2022-06-02T00:00:21Z",
"published": "2022-05-21T00:00:25Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-1803"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/polonel/trudesk/commit/6ea9db7a5cf300e3cbf0eab7e1d6da1155a2f7f8"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://huntr.dev/bounties/47cc6621-2474-40f9-ab68-3cf62389a124"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:R/S:C/C:N/I:L/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-X3P8-W664-V5HJ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-08-11 03:31 – Updated: 2026-08-11 03:31SAP Data Services Management Console allows an overly permissive Content Security Policy (CSP) configuration and lacks certain restrictive directives, which could enable an authenticated malicious user to leverage this weakness in combination with another vulnerability to inject and execute malicious scripts within the application's context. Successful exploitation may result in a low impact on confidentiality and integrity, with no impact on the availability of the application.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-44762"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-1021"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-08-11T01:17:20Z",
"severity": "LOW"
},
"details": "SAP Data Services Management Console allows an overly permissive Content Security Policy (CSP) configuration and lacks certain restrictive directives, which could enable an authenticated malicious user to leverage this weakness in combination with another vulnerability to inject and execute malicious scripts within the application\u0027s context. Successful exploitation may result in a low impact on confidentiality and integrity, with no impact on the availability of the application.",
"id": "GHSA-x3p8-w664-v5hj",
"modified": "2026-08-11T03:31:55Z",
"published": "2026-08-11T03:31:55Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-44762"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://me.sap.com/notes/3739913"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://url.sap/sapsecuritypatchday"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-X7WX-JVCP-69V8
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-11-21 21:30 – Updated: 2025-11-21 21:30IBM Concert Software 1.0.0 through 2.0.0 could allow a remote attacker to hijack the clicking action of the victim.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-36149"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-1021"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-11-21T20:15:48Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "IBM Concert Software 1.0.0 through 2.0.0 could allow a remote attacker to hijack the clicking action of the victim.",
"id": "GHSA-x7wx-jvcp-69v8",
"modified": "2025-11-21T21:30:18Z",
"published": "2025-11-21T21:30:18Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-36149"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7252019"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-X8RC-WPG4-GRPF
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-08-05 15:40 – Updated: 2026-08-05 15:40Impact
The native autofill popup could be positioned by a cross-origin iframe outside that iframe's bounds, over the embedding page's UI, enabling clickjacking or spoofing of trusted UI.
Apps are only affected if they embed untrusted content in iframes within windows that also display trusted UI. Apps that do not embed untrusted third-party content are not affected.
Workarounds
Do not embed untrusted content in iframes inside windows that display trusted UI.
Fixed Versions
42.0.0-beta.341.2.140.9.039.8.8
For more information
If you have any questions or comments about this advisory, email Electron at security@electronjs.org
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "electron"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "39.8.8"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"database_specific": {
"last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c 40.9.0"
},
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "electron"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "40.0.0-alpha.1"
},
{
"fixed": "40.9.1"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "electron"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "41.0.0-alpha.1"
},
{
"fixed": "41.2.1"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "electron"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "42.0.0-alpha.1"
},
{
"fixed": "42.0.0-beta.3"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-70600"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-1021"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2026-08-05T15:40:32Z",
"nvd_published_at": null,
"severity": "LOW"
},
"details": "### Impact\nThe native autofill popup could be positioned by a cross-origin iframe outside that iframe\u0027s bounds, over the embedding page\u0027s UI, enabling clickjacking or spoofing of trusted UI.\n\nApps are only affected if they embed untrusted content in iframes within windows that also display trusted UI. Apps that do not embed untrusted third-party content are not affected.\n\n### Workarounds\nDo not embed untrusted content in iframes inside windows that display trusted UI.\n\n### Fixed Versions\n* `42.0.0-beta.3`\n* `41.2.1`\n* `40.9.0`\n* `39.8.8`\n\n### For more information\nIf you have any questions or comments about this advisory, email Electron at [security@electronjs.org](mailto:security@electronjs.org)",
"id": "GHSA-x8rc-wpg4-grpf",
"modified": "2026-08-05T15:40:32Z",
"published": "2026-08-05T15:40:32Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/electron/electron/security/advisories/GHSA-x8rc-wpg4-grpf"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/electron/electron"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Electron: Cross-origin iframe can position native autofill popup"
}
GHSA-XCRP-9H4M-QQ97
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:41 – Updated: 2022-05-24 17:41In onCreate of UninstallerActivity, there is a possible way to uninstall an all without informed user consent due to a tapjacking/overlay attack. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with User execution privileges needed. User interaction is needed for exploitation.Product: AndroidVersions: Android-10 Android-11 Android-8.1 Android-9Android ID: A-171221302
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-0314"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-1021"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-02-10T17:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "In onCreate of UninstallerActivity, there is a possible way to uninstall an all without informed user consent due to a tapjacking/overlay attack. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with User execution privileges needed. User interaction is needed for exploitation.Product: AndroidVersions: Android-10 Android-11 Android-8.1 Android-9Android ID: A-171221302",
"id": "GHSA-xcrp-9h4m-qq97",
"modified": "2022-05-24T17:41:43Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:41:43Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-0314"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://source.android.com/security/bulletin/2021-02-01"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-XCX8-F2F5-H74F
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-11-07 21:30 – Updated: 2023-11-07 21:30A flaw was found in Quay. Clickjacking is when an attacker uses multiple transparent or opaque layers to trick a user into clicking on a button or link on another page when they intend to click on the top-level page. During the pentest, it has been detected that the config-editor page is vulnerable to clickjacking. This flaw allows an attacker to trick an administrator user into clicking on buttons on the config-editor panel, possibly reconfiguring some parts of the Quay instance.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-4956"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-1021",
"CWE-451"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-11-07T20:15:08Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A flaw was found in Quay. Clickjacking is when an attacker uses multiple transparent or opaque layers to trick a user into clicking on a button or link on another page when they intend to click on the top-level page. During the pentest, it has been detected that the config-editor page is vulnerable to clickjacking. This flaw allows an attacker to trick an administrator user into clicking on buttons on the config-editor panel, possibly reconfiguring some parts of the Quay instance.",
"id": "GHSA-xcx8-f2f5-h74f",
"modified": "2023-11-07T21:30:24Z",
"published": "2023-11-07T21:30:24Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-4956"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2023-4956"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2238886"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation
- The use of X-Frame-Options allows developers of web content to restrict the usage of their application within the form of overlays, frames, or iFrames. The developer can indicate from which domains can frame the content.
- The concept of X-Frame-Options is well documented, but implementation of this protection mechanism is in development to cover gaps. There is a need for allowing frames from multiple domains.
Mitigation
- A developer can use a "frame-breaker" script in each page that should not be framed. This is very helpful for legacy browsers that do not support X-Frame-Options security feature previously mentioned.
- It is also important to note that this tactic has been circumvented or bypassed. Improper usage of frames can persist in the web application through nested frames. The "frame-breaking" script does not intuitively account for multiple nested frames that can be presented to the user.
Mitigation
This defense-in-depth technique can be used to prevent the improper usage of frames in web applications. It prioritizes the valid sources of data to be loaded into the application through the usage of declarative policies. Based on which implementation of Content Security Policy is in use, the developer should use the "frame-ancestors" directive or the "frame-src" directive to mitigate this weakness. Both directives allow for the placement of restrictions when it comes to allowing embedded content.
Mitigation
In addition to frames or iframes as previously mentioned, the web application is expected to place restrictions on whether it is allowed to be rendered within objects, embed, or applet elements.
CAPEC-103: Clickjacking
An adversary tricks a victim into unknowingly initiating some action in one system while interacting with the UI from a seemingly completely different, usually an adversary controlled or intended, system.
CAPEC-181: Flash File Overlay
An attacker creates a transparent overlay using flash in order to intercept user actions for the purpose of performing a clickjacking attack. In this technique, the Flash file provides a transparent overlay over HTML content. Because the Flash application is on top of the content, user actions, such as clicks, are caught by the Flash application rather than the underlying HTML. The action is then interpreted by the overlay to perform the actions the attacker wishes.
CAPEC-222: iFrame Overlay
In an iFrame overlay attack the victim is tricked into unknowingly initiating some action in one system while interacting with the UI from seemingly completely different system.
CAPEC-504: Task Impersonation
An adversary, through a previously installed malicious application, impersonates an expected or routine task in an attempt to steal sensitive information or leverage a user's privileges.
CAPEC-506: Tapjacking
An adversary, through a previously installed malicious application, displays an interface that misleads the user and convinces them to tap on an attacker desired location on the screen. This is often accomplished by overlaying one screen on top of another while giving the appearance of a single interface. There are two main techniques used to accomplish this. The first is to leverage transparent properties that allow taps on the screen to pass through the visible application to an application running in the background. The second is to strategically place a small object (e.g., a button or text field) on top of the visible screen and make it appear to be a part of the underlying application. In both cases, the user is convinced to tap on the screen but does not realize the application that they are interacting with.
CAPEC-587: Cross Frame Scripting (XFS)
This attack pattern combines malicious Javascript and a legitimate webpage loaded into a concealed iframe. The malicious Javascript is then able to interact with a legitimate webpage in a manner that is unknown to the user. This attack usually leverages some element of social engineering in that an attacker must convinces a user to visit a web page that the attacker controls.
CAPEC-654: Credential Prompt Impersonation
An adversary, through a previously installed malicious application, impersonates a credential prompt in an attempt to steal a user's credentials.