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Vulnerability from cleanstart
Published
2026-02-27 00:41
Modified
2026-02-26 12:09
Summary
node-tar is a full-featured Tar for Node
Details
Multiple security vulnerabilities affect the npm package. node-tar is a full-featured Tar for Node. See references for individual vulnerability details.
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"modified": "2026-02-26T12:09:56Z",
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CVE-2026-23745 (GCVE-0-2026-23745)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-01-16 22:00 – Updated: 2026-01-20 14:53
VLAI?
EPSS
Title
node-tar Vulnerable to Arbitrary File Overwrite and Symlink Poisoning via Insufficient Path Sanitization
Summary
node-tar is a Tar for Node.js. The node-tar library (<= 7.5.2) fails to sanitize the linkpath of Link (hardlink) and SymbolicLink entries when preservePaths is false (the default secure behavior). This allows malicious archives to bypass the extraction root restriction, leading to Arbitrary File Overwrite via hardlinks and Symlink Poisoning via absolute symlink targets. This vulnerability is fixed in 7.5.3.
Severity ?
CWE
- CWE-22 - Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')
Assigner
References
| URL | Tags | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
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CVE-2026-26960 (GCVE-0-2026-26960)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-02-20 01:07 – Updated: 2026-02-20 15:35
VLAI?
EPSS
Title
node-tar has Arbitrary File Read/Write via Hardlink Target Escape Through Symlink Chain in Extraction
Summary
node-tar is a full-featured Tar for Node.js. When using default options in versions 7.5.7 and below, an attacker-controlled archive can create a hardlink inside the extraction directory that points to a file outside the extraction root, enabling arbitrary file read and write as the extracting user. Severity is high because the primitive bypasses path protections and turns archive extraction into a direct filesystem access primitive. This issue has been fixed in version 7.5.8.
Severity ?
7.1 (High)
CWE
- CWE-22 - Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')
Assigner
References
| URL | Tags | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
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CVE-2026-25547 (GCVE-0-2026-25547)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-02-04 21:51 – Updated: 2026-02-05 14:31
VLAI?
EPSS
Title
Uncontrolled Resource Consumption in @isaacs/brace-expansion
Summary
@isaacs/brace-expansion is a hybrid CJS/ESM TypeScript fork of brace-expansion. Prior to version 5.0.1, @isaacs/brace-expansion is vulnerable to a denial of service (DoS) issue caused by unbounded brace range expansion. When an attacker provides a pattern containing repeated numeric brace ranges, the library attempts to eagerly generate every possible combination synchronously. Because the expansion grows exponentially, even a small input can consume excessive CPU and memory and may crash the Node.js process. This issue has been patched in version 5.0.1.
Severity ?
CWE
- CWE-1333 - Inefficient Regular Expression Complexity
Assigner
References
| URL | Tags | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|||||
Impacted products
| Vendor | Product | Version | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| isaacs | brace-expansion |
Affected:
< 5.0.1
|
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CVE-2021-43616 (GCVE-0-2021-43616)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2021-11-13 00:00 – Updated: 2024-08-04 04:03 Disputed
VLAI?
EPSS
Summary
The npm ci command in npm 7.x and 8.x through 8.1.3 proceeds with an installation even if dependency information in package-lock.json differs from package.json. This behavior is inconsistent with the documentation, and makes it easier for attackers to install malware that was supposed to have been blocked by an exact version match requirement in package-lock.json. NOTE: The npm team believes this is not a vulnerability. It would require someone to socially engineer package.json which has different dependencies than package-lock.json. That user would have to have file system or write access to change dependencies. The npm team states preventing malicious actors from socially engineering or gaining file system access is outside the scope of the npm CLI.
Severity ?
9 (Critical)
CWE
- n/a
Assigner
References
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"assignerShortName": "mitre",
"cveId": "CVE-2021-43616",
"datePublished": "2021-11-13T00:00:00.000Z",
"dateReserved": "2021-11-13T00:00:00.000Z",
"dateUpdated": "2024-08-04T04:03:08.795Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.1"
}
GHSA-3PPC-4F35-3M26
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-02-18 22:38 – Updated: 2026-02-24 20:59
VLAI?
Summary
minimatch has a ReDoS via repeated wildcards with non-matching literal in pattern
Details
Summary
minimatch is vulnerable to Regular Expression Denial of Service (ReDoS) when a glob pattern contains many consecutive * wildcards followed by a literal character that doesn't appear in the test string. Each * compiles to a separate [^/]*? regex group, and when the match fails, V8's regex engine backtracks exponentially across all possible splits.
The time complexity is O(4^N) where N is the number of * characters. With N=15, a single minimatch() call takes ~2 seconds. With N=34, it hangs effectively forever.
Details
Give all details on the vulnerability. Pointing to the incriminated source code is very helpful for the maintainer.
PoC
When minimatch compiles a glob pattern, each * becomes [^/]*? in the generated regex. For a pattern like ***************X***:
/^(?!\.)[^/]*?[^/]*?[^/]*?[^/]*?[^/]*?[^/]*?[^/]*?[^/]*?[^/]*?[^/]*?[^/]*?[^/]*?[^/]*?[^/]*?[^/]*?X[^/]*?[^/]*?[^/]*?$/
When the test string doesn't contain X, the regex engine must try every possible way to distribute the characters across all the [^/]*? groups before concluding no match exists. With N groups and M characters, this is O(C(N+M, N)) — exponential.
Impact
Any application that passes user-controlled strings to minimatch() as the pattern argument is vulnerable to DoS. This includes:
- File search/filter UIs that accept glob patterns
- .gitignore-style filtering with user-defined rules
- Build tools that accept glob configuration
- Any API that exposes glob matching to untrusted input
Thanks to @ljharb for back-porting the fix to legacy versions of minimatch.
Severity ?
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "minimatch"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "10.0.0"
},
{
"fixed": "10.2.1"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "minimatch"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "9.0.0"
},
{
"fixed": "9.0.6"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "minimatch"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "8.0.0"
},
{
"fixed": "8.0.5"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "minimatch"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "7.0.0"
},
{
"fixed": "7.4.7"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "minimatch"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "6.0.0"
},
{
"fixed": "6.2.1"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "minimatch"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "5.0.0"
},
{
"fixed": "5.1.7"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "minimatch"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "4.0.0"
},
{
"fixed": "4.2.4"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "minimatch"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "3.1.3"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-26996"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-1333"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2026-02-18T22:38:11Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2026-02-20T03:16:01Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "### Summary\n`minimatch` is vulnerable to Regular Expression Denial of Service (ReDoS) when a glob pattern contains many consecutive `*` wildcards followed by a literal character that doesn\u0027t appear in the test string. Each `*` compiles to a separate `[^/]*?` regex group, and when the match fails, V8\u0027s regex engine backtracks exponentially across all possible splits.\n\nThe time complexity is O(4^N) where N is the number of `*` characters. With N=15, a single `minimatch()` call takes ~2 seconds. With N=34, it hangs effectively forever.\n\n\n### Details\n_Give all details on the vulnerability. Pointing to the incriminated source code is very helpful for the maintainer._\n\n### PoC\nWhen minimatch compiles a glob pattern, each `*` becomes `[^/]*?` in the generated regex. For a pattern like `***************X***`:\n\n```\n/^(?!\\.)[^/]*?[^/]*?[^/]*?[^/]*?[^/]*?[^/]*?[^/]*?[^/]*?[^/]*?[^/]*?[^/]*?[^/]*?[^/]*?[^/]*?[^/]*?X[^/]*?[^/]*?[^/]*?$/\n```\n\nWhen the test string doesn\u0027t contain `X`, the regex engine must try every possible way to distribute the characters across all the `[^/]*?` groups before concluding no match exists. With N groups and M characters, this is O(C(N+M, N)) \u2014 exponential.\n### Impact\nAny application that passes user-controlled strings to `minimatch()` as the pattern argument is vulnerable to DoS. This includes:\n- File search/filter UIs that accept glob patterns\n- `.gitignore`-style filtering with user-defined rules\n- Build tools that accept glob configuration\n- Any API that exposes glob matching to untrusted input\n\n----\n\nThanks to @ljharb for back-porting the fix to legacy versions of minimatch.",
"id": "GHSA-3ppc-4f35-3m26",
"modified": "2026-02-24T20:59:57Z",
"published": "2026-02-18T22:38:11Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/isaacs/minimatch/security/advisories/GHSA-3ppc-4f35-3m26"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-26996"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/isaacs/minimatch/commit/2e111f3a79abc00fa73110195de2c0f2351904f5"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/isaacs/minimatch"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
],
"summary": "minimatch has a ReDoS via repeated wildcards with non-matching literal in pattern"
}
GHSA-83G3-92JG-28CX
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-02-18 00:57 – Updated: 2026-02-20 16:47
VLAI?
Summary
Arbitrary File Read/Write via Hardlink Target Escape Through Symlink Chain in node-tar Extraction
Details
Summary
tar.extract() in Node tar allows an attacker-controlled archive to create a hardlink inside the extraction directory that points to a file outside the extraction root, using default options.
This enables arbitrary file read and write as the extracting user (no root, no chmod, no preservePaths).
Severity is high because the primitive bypasses path protections and turns archive extraction into a direct filesystem access primitive.
Details
The bypass chain uses two symlinks plus one hardlink:
a/b/c/up -> ../..a/b/escape -> c/up/../..exfil(hardlink) ->a/b/escape/<target-relative-to-parent-of-extract>
Why this works:
- Linkpath checks are string-based and do not resolve symlinks on disk for hardlink target safety.
-
See
STRIPABSOLUTEPATHlogic in:../tar-audit-setuid - CVE/node_modules/tar/dist/commonjs/unpack.js:255../tar-audit-setuid - CVE/node_modules/tar/dist/commonjs/unpack.js:268../tar-audit-setuid - CVE/node_modules/tar/dist/commonjs/unpack.js:281
-
Hardlink extraction resolves target as
path.resolve(cwd, entry.linkpath)and then callsfs.link(target, destination). ../tar-audit-setuid - CVE/node_modules/tar/dist/commonjs/unpack.js:566../tar-audit-setuid - CVE/node_modules/tar/dist/commonjs/unpack.js:567-
../tar-audit-setuid - CVE/node_modules/tar/dist/commonjs/unpack.js:703 -
Parent directory safety checks (
mkdir+ symlink detection) are applied to the destination path of the extracted entry, not to the resolved hardlink target path. ../tar-audit-setuid - CVE/node_modules/tar/dist/commonjs/unpack.js:617../tar-audit-setuid - CVE/node_modules/tar/dist/commonjs/unpack.js:619../tar-audit-setuid - CVE/node_modules/tar/dist/commonjs/mkdir.js:27../tar-audit-setuid - CVE/node_modules/tar/dist/commonjs/mkdir.js:101
As a result, exfil is created inside extraction root but linked to an external file. The PoC confirms shared inode and successful read+write via exfil.
PoC
hardlink.js Environment used for validation:
- Node:
v25.4.0 - tar:
7.5.7 - OS: macOS Darwin 25.2.0
- Extract options: defaults (
tar.extract({ file, cwd }))
Steps:
-
Prepare/locate a
tarmodule. Ifrequire('tar')is not available locally, setTAR_MODULEto an absolute path to a tar package directory. -
Run:
TAR_MODULE="$(cd '../tar-audit-setuid - CVE/node_modules/tar' && pwd)" node hardlink.js
- Expected vulnerable output (key lines):
same_inode=true
read_ok=true
write_ok=true
result=VULNERABLE
Interpretation:
same_inode=true: extractedexfiland external secret are the same file object.read_ok=true: readingexfilleaks external content.write_ok=true: writingexfilmodifies external file.
Impact
Vulnerability type:
- Arbitrary file read/write via archive extraction path confusion and link resolution.
Who is impacted:
- Any application/service that extracts attacker-controlled tar archives with Node
tardefaults. - Impact scope is the privileges of the extracting process user.
Potential outcomes:
- Read sensitive files reachable by the process user.
- Overwrite writable files outside extraction root.
- Escalate impact depending on deployment context (keys, configs, scripts, app data).
Severity ?
7.1 (High)
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "tar"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "7.5.8"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-26960"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-22"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2026-02-18T00:57:13Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2026-02-20T02:16:53Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "### Summary\n`tar.extract()` in Node `tar` allows an attacker-controlled archive to create a hardlink inside the extraction directory that points to a file outside the extraction root, using default options.\n\nThis enables **arbitrary file read and write** as the extracting user (no root, no chmod, no `preservePaths`).\n\nSeverity is high because the primitive bypasses path protections and turns archive extraction into a direct filesystem access primitive.\n\n### Details\nThe bypass chain uses two symlinks plus one hardlink:\n\n1. `a/b/c/up -\u003e ../..`\n2. `a/b/escape -\u003e c/up/../..`\n3. `exfil` (hardlink) -\u003e `a/b/escape/\u003ctarget-relative-to-parent-of-extract\u003e`\n\nWhy this works:\n\n- Linkpath checks are string-based and do not resolve symlinks on disk for hardlink target safety.\n - See `STRIPABSOLUTEPATH` logic in:\n - `../tar-audit-setuid - CVE/node_modules/tar/dist/commonjs/unpack.js:255`\n - `../tar-audit-setuid - CVE/node_modules/tar/dist/commonjs/unpack.js:268`\n - `../tar-audit-setuid - CVE/node_modules/tar/dist/commonjs/unpack.js:281`\n\n- Hardlink extraction resolves target as `path.resolve(cwd, entry.linkpath)` and then calls `fs.link(target, destination)`.\n - `../tar-audit-setuid - CVE/node_modules/tar/dist/commonjs/unpack.js:566`\n - `../tar-audit-setuid - CVE/node_modules/tar/dist/commonjs/unpack.js:567`\n - `../tar-audit-setuid - CVE/node_modules/tar/dist/commonjs/unpack.js:703`\n\n- Parent directory safety checks (`mkdir` + symlink detection) are applied to the destination path of the extracted entry, not to the resolved hardlink target path.\n - `../tar-audit-setuid - CVE/node_modules/tar/dist/commonjs/unpack.js:617`\n - `../tar-audit-setuid - CVE/node_modules/tar/dist/commonjs/unpack.js:619`\n - `../tar-audit-setuid - CVE/node_modules/tar/dist/commonjs/mkdir.js:27`\n - `../tar-audit-setuid - CVE/node_modules/tar/dist/commonjs/mkdir.js:101`\n\nAs a result, `exfil` is created inside extraction root but linked to an external file. The PoC confirms shared inode and successful read+write via `exfil`.\n\n### PoC\n[hardlink.js](https://github.com/user-attachments/files/25240082/hardlink.js)\nEnvironment used for validation:\n\n- Node: `v25.4.0`\n- tar: `7.5.7`\n- OS: macOS Darwin 25.2.0\n- Extract options: defaults (`tar.extract({ file, cwd })`)\n\nSteps:\n\n1. Prepare/locate a `tar` module. If `require(\u0027tar\u0027)` is not available locally, set `TAR_MODULE` to an absolute path to a tar package directory.\n\n2. Run:\n\n```bash\nTAR_MODULE=\"$(cd \u0027../tar-audit-setuid - CVE/node_modules/tar\u0027 \u0026\u0026 pwd)\" node hardlink.js\n```\n\n3. Expected vulnerable output (key lines):\n\n```text\nsame_inode=true\nread_ok=true\nwrite_ok=true\nresult=VULNERABLE\n```\n\nInterpretation:\n\n- `same_inode=true`: extracted `exfil` and external secret are the same file object.\n- `read_ok=true`: reading `exfil` leaks external content.\n- `write_ok=true`: writing `exfil` modifies external file.\n\n### Impact\nVulnerability type:\n\n- Arbitrary file read/write via archive extraction path confusion and link resolution.\n\nWho is impacted:\n\n- Any application/service that extracts attacker-controlled tar archives with Node `tar` defaults.\n- Impact scope is the privileges of the extracting process user.\n\nPotential outcomes:\n\n- Read sensitive files reachable by the process user.\n- Overwrite writable files outside extraction root.\n- Escalate impact depending on deployment context (keys, configs, scripts, app data).",
"id": "GHSA-83g3-92jg-28cx",
"modified": "2026-02-20T16:47:48Z",
"published": "2026-02-18T00:57:13Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/isaacs/node-tar/security/advisories/GHSA-83g3-92jg-28cx"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-26960"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/isaacs/node-tar/commit/2cb1120bcefe28d7ecc719b41441ade59c52e384"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/isaacs/node-tar/commit/d18e4e1f846f4ddddc153b0f536a19c050e7499f"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/isaacs/node-tar"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Arbitrary File Read/Write via Hardlink Target Escape Through Symlink Chain in node-tar Extraction"
}
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Sightings
| Author | Source | Type | Date |
|---|
Nomenclature
- Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
- Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
- Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
- Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
- Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
- Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
- Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
- Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
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