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      <title>BREW-acronym-CVE-2026-126301 — NLTK: Quadratic CPU exhaustion in LegalitySyllableTokenizer.tokenize via unguarded onset reversal loop</title>
      <link>https://db.gcve.eu/vuln/brew-acronym-cve-2026-126301</link>
      <description>&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Affected:&lt;/strong&gt; Homebrew: acronym&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;## Summary&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;`LegalitySyllableTokenizer.tokenize` in the NLTK tokenizer package contains an unguarded O(n^2) processing loop. When the method is called on a single token that consists of a long run of vowels (for example `&amp;#34;a&amp;#34; * n`), it consumes CPU time proportional to the square of the token length. An attacker who can supply an untrusted token to this public tokenizer API can force a single request to saturate one CPU core for a prolonged period, degrading availability of any service that syllabifies attacker-controlled text. No authentication, special configuration, or user interaction is required.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;## Root Cause&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The method walks the token in reverse and, on every iteration after the first vowel is seen, evaluates the membership test `char_lower + current_onset[::-1] in self.legal_onsets`. The set `legal_onsets` is built by `onset()`, which returns only the characters up to the first vowel, so every member is vowel-free. For an all-vowel token the first branch can therefore never match, `onset` never becomes `True`, and the reset branch that would clear `current_onset` is never reached. As a result `current_onset` grows by one character on every iteration. Building `current_onset[::-1]` and hashing the resulting string costs O(k) on iteration k, and this is repeated for k from 1 to n, giving total cost O(n^2). The security invariant that is violated is bounded per-token work: there is no length cap on this code path, so untrusted token length translates directly into quad…&lt;/p&gt;</description>
      <content:encoded>&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Affected:&lt;/strong&gt; Homebrew: acronym&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;## Summary&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;`LegalitySyllableTokenizer.tokenize` in the NLTK tokenizer package contains an unguarded O(n^2) processing loop. When the method is called on a single token that consists of a long run of vowels (for example `&amp;#34;a&amp;#34; * n`), it consumes CPU time proportional to the square of the token length. An attacker who can supply an untrusted token to this public tokenizer API can force a single request to saturate one CPU core for a prolonged period, degrading availability of any service that syllabifies attacker-controlled text. No authentication, special configuration, or user interaction is required.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;## Root Cause&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The method walks the token in reverse and, on every iteration after the first vowel is seen, evaluates the membership test `char_lower + current_onset[::-1] in self.legal_onsets`. The set `legal_onsets` is built by `onset()`, which returns only the characters up to the first vowel, so every member is vowel-free. For an all-vowel token the first branch can therefore never match, `onset` never becomes `True`, and the reset branch that would clear `current_onset` is never reached. As a result `current_onset` grows by one character on every iteration. Building `current_onset[::-1]` and hashing the resulting string costs O(k) on iteration k, and this is repeated for k from 1 to n, giving total cost O(n^2). The security invariant that is violated is bounded per-token work: there is no length cap on this code path, so untrusted token length translates directly into quad…&lt;/p&gt;</content:encoded>
      <guid isPermaLink="false">https://db.gcve.eu/vuln/brew-acronym-cve-2026-126301</guid>
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