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  <updated>2026-10-05T21:08:16.070607+00:00</updated>
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  <entry>
    <id>https://db.gcve.eu/vuln/ghsa-wh4c-j3r5-mjhp</id>
    <title>GHSA-wh4c-j3r5-mjhp — xmldom: XML injection via unsafe CDATA serialization allows attacker-controlled markup insertion</title>
    <updated>2026-10-05T21:08:16.071549+00:00</updated>
    <content type="xhtml">
      <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p><strong>Affected:</strong> npm: xmldom, npm: @xmldom/xmldom</p>
<p>## Summary</p>
<p>`@xmldom/xmldom` allows attacker-controlled strings containing the CDATA terminator `]]&gt;` to be inserted into a `CDATASection` node. During serialization, `XMLSerializer` emitted the CDATA content verbatim without rejecting or safely splitting the terminator. As a result, data intended to remain text-only became **active XML markup** in the serialized output, enabling XML structure
injection and downstream business-logic manipulation.</p>
<p>The sequence `]]&gt;` is not allowed inside CDATA content and must be rejected or safely handled during serialization. ([MDN Web Docs](https://developer.mozilla.org/))</p>
<p>### Attack surface</p>
<p>`Document.createCDATASection(data)` is the most direct entry point, but it is not the only one. The WHATWG DOM spec intentionally does not validate `]]&gt;` in mutation methods — only `createCDATASection` carries that guard. The following paths therefore also allow `]]&gt;` to enter a CDATASection node and reach the serializer:</p>
<p>- `CharacterData.appendData()`
- `CharacterData.replaceData()`
- `CharacterData.insertData()`
- Direct assignment to `.data`
- Direct assignment to `.textContent`</p>
<p>(Note: assigning to `.nodeValue` does **not** update `.data` in this implementation — the serializer reads `.data` directly — so `.nodeValue` is not an exploitable path.)</p>
<p>### Parse path</p>
<p>Parsing XML that contains a CDATA section is **not** affected. The SAX parser's non-greedy `CDSect` regex stops at the first `]]&gt;`, so parsed CDATA data never contains the terminator.…</p></div>
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    <link href="https://db.gcve.eu/vuln/ghsa-wh4c-j3r5-mjhp"/>
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