CWE-79
Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')
The product does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes user-controllable input before it is placed in output that is used as a web page that is served to other users.
CVE-2020-15781 (GCVE-0-2020-15781)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2020-08-14 15:24 – Updated: 2024-08-04 13:22
VLAI
Summary
A vulnerability has been identified in SICAM WEB firmware for SICAM A8000 RTUs (All versions < V05.30). The login screen does not sufficiently sanitize input, which enables an attacker to generate specially crafted log messages. If an unsuspecting victim views the log messages via the web browser, these log messages might be interpreted and executed as code by the web application. This Cross-Site-Scripting (XSS) vulnerability might compromize the confidentiality, integrity and availability of the web application.
Severity
No CVSS data available.
CWE
- CWE-79 - Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/pdf/s… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Siemens AG | SICAM WEB firmware for SICAM A8000 RTUs |
Affected:
All versions < V05.30
|
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CVE-2020-15855 (GCVE-0-2020-15855)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2022-10-07 00:00 – Updated: 2024-08-04 13:30
VLAI
Summary
Two cross-site scripting vulnerabilities were fixed in Bodhi 5.6.1.
Severity
No CVSS data available.
CWE
Assigner
References
1 reference
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CVE-2020-1607 (GCVE-0-2020-1607)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2020-01-15 08:40 – Updated: 2024-09-16 20:51
VLAI
Title
Junos OS: Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) in J-Web
Summary
Insufficient Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) protection in J-Web may potentially allow a remote attacker to inject web script or HTML, hijack the target user's J-Web session and perform administrative actions on the Junos device as the targeted user. This issue affects Juniper Networks Junos OS 12.3 versions prior to 12.3R12-S15; 12.3X48 versions prior to 12.3X48-D86, 12.3X48-D90 on SRX Series; 14.1X53 versions prior to 14.1X53-D51 on EX and QFX Series; 15.1F6 versions prior to 15.1F6-S13; 15.1 versions prior to 15.1R7-S5; 15.1X49 versions prior to 15.1X49-D181, 15.1X49-D190 on SRX Series; 15.1X53 versions prior to 15.1X53-D238 on QFX5200/QFX5110 Series; 15.1X53 versions prior to 15.1X53-D592 on EX2300/EX3400 Series; 16.1 versions prior to 16.1R4-S13, 16.1R7-S5; 16.2 versions prior to 16.2R2-S10; 17.1 versions prior to 17.1R2-S11, 17.1R3-S1; 17.2 versions prior to 17.2R1-S9, 17.2R3-S2; 17.3 versions prior to 17.3R2-S5, 17.3R3-S5; 17.4 versions prior to 17.4R2-S6, 17.4R3; 18.1 versions prior to 18.1R3-S7; 18.2 versions prior to 18.2R2-S5, 18.2R3; 18.3 versions prior to 18.3R1-S6, 18.3R2-S1, 18.3R3; 18.4 versions prior to 18.4R1-S5, 18.4R2; 19.1 versions prior to 19.1R1-S2, 19.1R2.
Severity
7.5 (High)
CWE
- CWE-79 - Cross-site Scripting (XSS)
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://kb.juniper.net/JSA10986 | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
Impacted products
5 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Juniper Networks | Junos OS |
Affected:
17.2R2
Affected: 12.3 , < 12.3R12-S15 (custom) Affected: 15.1F6 , < 15.1F6-S13 (custom) Affected: 15.1 , < 15.1R7-S5 (custom) Affected: 16.1 , < 16.1R4-S13, 16.1R7-S5 (custom) Affected: 16.2 , < 16.2R2-S10 (custom) Affected: 17.1 , < 17.1R2-S11, 17.1R3-S1 (custom) Affected: 17.2 , < 17.2R1-S9, 17.2R3-S2 (custom) Affected: 17.3 , < 17.3R2-S5, 17.3R3-S5 (custom) Affected: 17.4 , < 17.4R2-S6, 17.4R3 (custom) Affected: 18.1 , < 18.1R3-S7 (custom) Affected: 18.2 , < 18.2R2-S5, 18.2R3 (custom) Affected: 18.3 , < 18.3R1-S6, 18.3R2-S1, 18.3R3 (custom) Affected: 18.4 , < 18.4R1-S5, 18.4R2 (custom) Affected: 19.1 , < 19.1R1-S2, 19.1R2 (custom) |
|
| Juniper Networks | Junos OS |
Affected:
12.3X48 , < 12.3X48-D86, 12.3X48-D90
(custom)
Affected: 15.1X49 , < 15.1X49-D181, 15.1X49-D190 (custom) |
|
| Juniper Networks | Junos OS |
Affected:
14.1X53 , < 14.1X53-D51
(custom)
|
|
| Juniper Networks | Junos OS |
Affected:
15.1X53 , < 15.1X53-D238
(custom)
|
|
| Juniper Networks | Junos OS |
Affected:
15.1X53 , < 15.1X53-D592
(custom)
|
Date Public
2020-01-08 00:00
Credits
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CVE-2020-16206 (GCVE-0-2020-16206)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2020-09-01 20:40 – Updated: 2024-08-04 13:37
VLAI
Summary
The affected product is vulnerable to stored cross-site scripting, which may allow an attacker to remotely execute arbitrary code to gain access to sensitive data on the N-Tron 702-W / 702M12-W (all versions).
Severity
No CVSS data available.
CWE
- CWE-79 - IMPROPER NEUTRALIZATION OF INPUT DURING WEB PAGE GENERATION (‘CROSS-SITE SCRIPTING’) CWE-79
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://us-cert.cisa.gov/ics/advisories/icsa-20-240-01 | x_refsource_MISC |
| http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2020/Sep/6 | mailing-listx_refsource_FULLDISC |
| http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/159064/Red-L… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| n/a | N-Tron 702-W / 702M12-W |
Affected:
Versions prior to all versions
|
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CVE-2020-16210 (GCVE-0-2020-16210)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2020-09-01 20:44 – Updated: 2024-08-04 13:37
VLAI
Summary
The affected product is vulnerable to reflected cross-site scripting, which may allow an attacker to remotely execute arbitrary code and perform actions in the context of an attacked user on the N-Tron 702-W / 702M12-W (all versions).
Severity
No CVSS data available.
CWE
- CWE-79 - IMPROPER NEUTRALIZATION OF INPUT DURING WEB PAGE GENERATION (‘CROSS-SITE SCRIPTING’) CWE-79
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://us-cert.cisa.gov/ics/advisories/icsa-20-240-01 | x_refsource_MISC |
| http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2020/Sep/6 | mailing-listx_refsource_FULLDISC |
| http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/159064/Red-L… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| n/a | N-Tron 702-W / 702M12-W |
Affected:
Versions prior to all versions
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CVE-2020-16218 (GCVE-0-2020-16218)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2020-09-11 12:50 – Updated: 2024-08-04 13:37
VLAI
Title
Philips Patient Monitoring Devices Cross-site Scripting
Summary
In Patient Information Center iX (PICiX) Versions B.02, C.02, C.03, the
software does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes
user-controllable input before it is placed in output that is then used
as a webpage and served to other users. Successful exploitation could
lead to unauthorized access to patient data via a read-only web
application.
Severity
No CVSS data available.
CWE
- CWE-79 - Cross-site Scripting
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://us-cert.cisa.gov/ics/advisories/icsma-20-254-01 | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://www.philips.com/productsecurity |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Philips | Patient Information Center iX (PICiX) |
Affected:
B.02
Affected: C.02 Affected: C.03 |
Credits
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CVE-2020-16242 (GCVE-0-2020-16242)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2020-09-25 17:37 – Updated: 2024-09-17 00:40
VLAI
Title
GE Reason S20 Ethernet Switch
Summary
The affected Reason S20 Ethernet Switch is vulnerable to cross-site scripting (XSS), which may allow an attacker to trick application users into performing critical application actions that include, but are not limited to, adding and updating accounts.
Severity
No CVSS data available.
CWE
- CWE-79 - IMPROPER NEUTRALIZATION OF INPUT DURING WEB PAGE GENERATION ('CROSS-SITE SCRIPTING') CWE-79
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://us-cert.cisa.gov/ics/advisories/icsa-20-266-02 | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| General Electric | Reason S20 Ethernet Switch |
Affected:
S2020 , ≤ 07A06
(custom)
Affected: S2024 , ≤ 07A06 (custom) |
Date Public
2020-09-22 00:00
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CVE-2020-16246 (GCVE-0-2020-16246)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2020-10-20 15:00 – Updated: 2024-09-17 00:47
VLAI
Title
GE Reason S20 Ethernet Switch
Summary
The affected Reason S20 Ethernet Switch is vulnerable to cross-site scripting (XSS), which may allow attackers to trick users into following a link or navigating to a page that posts a malicious JavaScript statement to the vulnerable site, causing the malicious JavaScript to be rendered by the site and executed by the victim client.
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CWE
- CWE-79 - IMPROPER NEUTRALIZATION OF INPUT DURING WEB PAGE GENERATION ('CROSS-SITE SCRIPTING') CWE-79
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
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Impacted products
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Date Public
2020-09-22 00:00
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CVE-2020-1673 (GCVE-0-2020-1673)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2020-10-16 20:31 – Updated: 2024-09-16 22:20
VLAI
Title
Junos OS: Reflected Cross-site Scripting vulnerability in J-Web and web based (HTTP/HTTPS) services
Summary
Insufficient Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) protection in Juniper Networks J-Web and web based (HTTP/HTTPS) services allows an unauthenticated attacker to hijack the target user's HTTP/HTTPS session and perform administrative actions on the Junos device as the targeted user. This issue only affects Juniper Networks Junos OS devices with HTTP/HTTPS services enabled such as J-Web, Web Authentication, Dynamic-VPN (DVPN), Firewall Authentication Pass-Through with Web-Redirect, and Zero Touch Provisioning (ZTP). Junos OS devices with HTTP/HTTPS services disabled are not affected. If HTTP/HTTPS services are enabled, the following command will show the httpd processes: user@device> show system processes | match http 5260 - S 0:00.13 /usr/sbin/httpd-gk -N 5797 - I 0:00.10 /usr/sbin/httpd --config /jail/var/etc/httpd.conf In order to successfully exploit this vulnerability, the attacker needs to convince the device administrator to take action such as clicking the crafted URL sent via phishing email or convince the administrator to input data in the browser console. This issue affects Juniper Networks Junos OS: 18.1 versions prior to 18.1R3-S1; 18.2 versions prior to 18.2R3-S5; 18.3 versions prior to 18.3R2-S4, 18.3R3-S2; 18.4 versions prior to 18.4R2-S5, 18.4R3-S2; 19.1 versions prior to 19.1R2-S2, 19.1R3-S1; 19.2 versions prior to 19.2R1-S5, 19.2R2; 19.3 versions prior to 19.3R2-S4, 19.3R3; 19.4 versions prior to 19.4R1-S3, 19.4R2; 20.1 versions prior to 20.1R1-S2, 20.1R2. This issue does not affect Juniper Networks Junos OS prior to 18.1R1.
Severity
8.8 (High)
CWE
- CWE-79 - Cross-site Scripting (XSS)
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://kb.juniper.net/JSA11070 | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Juniper Networks | Junos OS |
Unaffected:
unspecified , < 18.1R1
(custom)
Affected: 18.1 , < 18.1R3-S11 (custom) Affected: 18.2 , < 18.2R3-S5 (custom) Affected: 18.3 , < 18.3R2-S4, 18.3R3-S2 (custom) Affected: 18.4 , < 18.4R2-S5, 18.4R3-S2 (custom) Affected: 19.1 , < 19.1R2-S2, 19.1R3-S1 (custom) Affected: 19.2 , < 19.2R1-S5, 19.2R2 (custom) Affected: 19.3 , < 19.3R2-S4, 19.3R3 (custom) Affected: 19.4 , < 19.4R1-S3, 19.4R2 (custom) Affected: 20.1 , < 20.1R1-S2, 20.1R2 (custom) |
Date Public
2020-10-14 00:00
Credits
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"value": "Insufficient Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) protection in Juniper Networks J-Web and web based (HTTP/HTTPS) services allows an unauthenticated attacker to hijack the target user\u0027s HTTP/HTTPS session and perform administrative actions on the Junos device as the targeted user. This issue only affects Juniper Networks Junos OS devices with HTTP/HTTPS services enabled such as J-Web, Web Authentication, Dynamic-VPN (DVPN), Firewall Authentication Pass-Through with Web-Redirect, and Zero Touch Provisioning (ZTP). Junos OS devices with HTTP/HTTPS services disabled are not affected. If HTTP/HTTPS services are enabled, the following command will show the httpd processes: user@device\u003e show system processes | match http 5260 - S 0:00.13 /usr/sbin/httpd-gk -N 5797 - I 0:00.10 /usr/sbin/httpd --config /jail/var/etc/httpd.conf In order to successfully exploit this vulnerability, the attacker needs to convince the device administrator to take action such as clicking the crafted URL sent via phishing email or convince the administrator to input data in the browser console. This issue affects Juniper Networks Junos OS: 18.1 versions prior to 18.1R3-S1; 18.2 versions prior to 18.2R3-S5; 18.3 versions prior to 18.3R2-S4, 18.3R3-S2; 18.4 versions prior to 18.4R2-S5, 18.4R3-S2; 19.1 versions prior to 19.1R2-S2, 19.1R3-S1; 19.2 versions prior to 19.2R1-S5, 19.2R2; 19.3 versions prior to 19.3R2-S4, 19.3R3; 19.4 versions prior to 19.4R1-S3, 19.4R2; 20.1 versions prior to 20.1R1-S2, 20.1R2. This issue does not affect Juniper Networks Junos OS prior to 18.1R1."
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CVE-2020-1691 (GCVE-0-2020-1691)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2022-08-05 15:21 – Updated: 2024-08-04 06:46
VLAI
Summary
In Moodle 3.8, messages required extra sanitizing before updating the conversation overview, to prevent the risk of stored cross-site scripting.
Severity
No CVSS data available.
CWE
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://moodle.org/mod/forum/discuss.php?d=395953 | x_refsource_MISC |
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Mitigation ID: MIT-4
Phase: Architecture and Design
Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks
Description:
- Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid [REF-1482].
- Examples of libraries and frameworks that make it easier to generate properly encoded output include Microsoft's Anti-XSS library, the OWASP ESAPI Encoding module, and Apache Wicket.
Mitigation
Phases: Implementation, Architecture and Design
Description:
- Understand the context in which your data will be used and the encoding that will be expected. This is especially important when transmitting data between different components, or when generating outputs that can contain multiple encodings at the same time, such as web pages or multi-part mail messages. Study all expected communication protocols and data representations to determine the required encoding strategies.
- For any data that will be output to another web page, especially any data that was received from external inputs, use the appropriate encoding on all non-alphanumeric characters.
- Parts of the same output document may require different encodings, which will vary depending on whether the output is in the:
- etc. Note that HTML Entity Encoding is only appropriate for the HTML body.
- Consult the XSS Prevention Cheat Sheet [REF-724] for more details on the types of encoding and escaping that are needed.
- HTML body
- Element attributes (such as src="XYZ")
- URIs
- JavaScript sections
- Cascading Style Sheets and style property
Mitigation ID: MIT-6
Phases: Architecture and Design, Implementation
Strategy: Attack Surface Reduction
Description:
- Understand all the potential areas where untrusted inputs can enter your software: parameters or arguments, cookies, anything read from the network, environment variables, reverse DNS lookups, query results, request headers, URL components, e-mail, files, filenames, databases, and any external systems that provide data to the application. Remember that such inputs may be obtained indirectly through API calls.
Mitigation ID: MIT-15
Phase: Architecture and Design
Description:
- For any security checks that are performed on the client side, ensure that these checks are duplicated on the server side, in order to avoid CWE-602. Attackers can bypass the client-side checks by modifying values after the checks have been performed, or by changing the client to remove the client-side checks entirely. Then, these modified values would be submitted to the server.
Mitigation ID: MIT-27
Phase: Architecture and Design
Strategy: Parameterization
Description:
- If available, use structured mechanisms that automatically enforce the separation between data and code. These mechanisms may be able to provide the relevant quoting, encoding, and validation automatically, instead of relying on the developer to provide this capability at every point where output is generated.
Mitigation ID: MIT-30.1
Phase: Implementation
Strategy: Output Encoding
Description:
- Use and specify an output encoding that can be handled by the downstream component that is reading the output. Common encodings include ISO-8859-1, UTF-7, and UTF-8. When an encoding is not specified, a downstream component may choose a different encoding, either by assuming a default encoding or automatically inferring which encoding is being used, which can be erroneous. When the encodings are inconsistent, the downstream component might treat some character or byte sequences as special, even if they are not special in the original encoding. Attackers might then be able to exploit this discrepancy and conduct injection attacks; they even might be able to bypass protection mechanisms that assume the original encoding is also being used by the downstream component.
- The problem of inconsistent output encodings often arises in web pages. If an encoding is not specified in an HTTP header, web browsers often guess about which encoding is being used. This can open up the browser to subtle XSS attacks.
Mitigation ID: MIT-43
Phase: Implementation
Description:
- With Struts, write all data from form beans with the bean's filter attribute set to true.
Mitigation ID: MIT-31
Phase: Implementation
Strategy: Attack Surface Reduction
Description:
- To help mitigate XSS attacks against the user's session cookie, set the session cookie to be HttpOnly. In browsers that support the HttpOnly feature (such as more recent versions of Internet Explorer and Firefox), this attribute can prevent the user's session cookie from being accessible to malicious client-side scripts that use document.cookie. This is not a complete solution, since HttpOnly is not supported by all browsers. More importantly, XmlHttpRequest and other powerful browser technologies provide read access to HTTP headers, including the Set-Cookie header in which the HttpOnly flag is set.
Mitigation ID: MIT-5
Phase: Implementation
Strategy: Input Validation
Description:
- Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
- When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
- Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
- When dynamically constructing web pages, use stringent allowlists that limit the character set based on the expected value of the parameter in the request. All input should be validated and cleansed, not just parameters that the user is supposed to specify, but all data in the request, including hidden fields, cookies, headers, the URL itself, and so forth. A common mistake that leads to continuing XSS vulnerabilities is to validate only fields that are expected to be redisplayed by the site. It is common to see data from the request that is reflected by the application server or the application that the development team did not anticipate. Also, a field that is not currently reflected may be used by a future developer. Therefore, validating ALL parts of the HTTP request is recommended.
- Note that proper output encoding, escaping, and quoting is the most effective solution for preventing XSS, although input validation may provide some defense-in-depth. This is because it effectively limits what will appear in output. Input validation will not always prevent XSS, especially if you are required to support free-form text fields that could contain arbitrary characters. For example, in a chat application, the heart emoticon ("<3") would likely pass the validation step, since it is commonly used. However, it cannot be directly inserted into the web page because it contains the "<" character, which would need to be escaped or otherwise handled. In this case, stripping the "<" might reduce the risk of XSS, but it would produce incorrect behavior because the emoticon would not be recorded. This might seem to be a minor inconvenience, but it would be more important in a mathematical forum that wants to represent inequalities.
- Even if you make a mistake in your validation (such as forgetting one out of 100 input fields), appropriate encoding is still likely to protect you from injection-based attacks. As long as it is not done in isolation, input validation is still a useful technique, since it may significantly reduce your attack surface, allow you to detect some attacks, and provide other security benefits that proper encoding does not address.
- Ensure that you perform input validation at well-defined interfaces within the application. This will help protect the application even if a component is reused or moved elsewhere.
Mitigation ID: MIT-21
Phase: Architecture and Design
Strategy: Enforcement by Conversion
Description:
- When the set of acceptable objects, such as filenames or URLs, is limited or known, create a mapping from a set of fixed input values (such as numeric IDs) to the actual filenames or URLs, and reject all other inputs.
Mitigation ID: MIT-29
Phase: Operation
Strategy: Firewall
Description:
- Use an application firewall that can detect attacks against this weakness. It can be beneficial in cases in which the code cannot be fixed (because it is controlled by a third party), as an emergency prevention measure while more comprehensive software assurance measures are applied, or to provide defense in depth [REF-1481].
Mitigation ID: MIT-16
Phases: Operation, Implementation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
Description:
- When using PHP, configure the application so that it does not use register_globals. During implementation, develop the application so that it does not rely on this feature, but be wary of implementing a register_globals emulation that is subject to weaknesses such as CWE-95, CWE-621, and similar issues.
CAPEC-209: XSS Using MIME Type Mismatch
An adversary creates a file with scripting content but where the specified MIME type of the file is such that scripting is not expected. The adversary tricks the victim into accessing a URL that responds with the script file. Some browsers will detect that the specified MIME type of the file does not match the actual type of its content and will automatically switch to using an interpreter for the real content type. If the browser does not invoke script filters before doing this, the adversary's script may run on the target unsanitized, possibly revealing the victim's cookies or executing arbitrary script in their browser.
CAPEC-588: DOM-Based XSS
This type of attack is a form of Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) where a malicious script is inserted into the client-side HTML being parsed by a web browser. Content served by a vulnerable web application includes script code used to manipulate the Document Object Model (DOM). This script code either does not properly validate input, or does not perform proper output encoding, thus creating an opportunity for an adversary to inject a malicious script launch a XSS attack. A key distinction between other XSS attacks and DOM-based attacks is that in other XSS attacks, the malicious script runs when the vulnerable web page is initially loaded, while a DOM-based attack executes sometime after the page loads. Another distinction of DOM-based attacks is that in some cases, the malicious script is never sent to the vulnerable web server at all. An attack like this is guaranteed to bypass any server-side filtering attempts to protect users.
CAPEC-591: Reflected XSS
This type of attack is a form of Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) where a malicious script is "reflected" off a vulnerable web application and then executed by a victim's browser. The process starts with an adversary delivering a malicious script to a victim and convincing the victim to send the script to the vulnerable web application.
CAPEC-592: Stored XSS
An adversary utilizes a form of Cross-site Scripting (XSS) where a malicious script is persistently "stored" within the data storage of a vulnerable web application as valid input.
CAPEC-63: Cross-Site Scripting (XSS)
An adversary embeds malicious scripts in content that will be served to web browsers. The goal of the attack is for the target software, the client-side browser, to execute the script with the users' privilege level. An attack of this type exploits a programs' vulnerabilities that are brought on by allowing remote hosts to execute code and scripts. Web browsers, for example, have some simple security controls in place, but if a remote attacker is allowed to execute scripts (through injecting them in to user-generated content like bulletin boards) then these controls may be bypassed. Further, these attacks are very difficult for an end user to detect.
CAPEC-85: AJAX Footprinting
This attack utilizes the frequent client-server roundtrips in Ajax conversation to scan a system. While Ajax does not open up new vulnerabilities per se, it does optimize them from an attacker point of view. A common first step for an attacker is to footprint the target environment to understand what attacks will work. Since footprinting relies on enumeration, the conversational pattern of rapid, multiple requests and responses that are typical in Ajax applications enable an attacker to look for many vulnerabilities, well-known ports, network locations and so on. The knowledge gained through Ajax fingerprinting can be used to support other attacks, such as XSS.