CWE-119

Improper Restriction of Operations within the Bounds of a Memory Buffer

The product performs operations on a memory buffer, but it reads from or writes to a memory location outside the buffer's intended boundary. This may result in read or write operations on unexpected memory locations that could be linked to other variables, data structures, or internal program data.

CVE-2025-4832 (GCVE-0-2025-4832)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-05-17 17:00 – Updated: 2025-05-19 15:23
VLAI
Title
TOTOLINK A702R/A3002R/A3002RU HTTP POST Request formDosCfg buffer overflow
Summary
A vulnerability has been found in TOTOLINK A702R, A3002R and A3002RU 3.0.0-B20230809.1615 and classified as critical. This vulnerability affects unknown code of the file /boafrm/formDosCfg of the component HTTP POST Request Handler. The manipulation of the argument submit-url leads to buffer overflow. The attack can be initiated remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used.
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
URL Tags
https://vuldb.com/?id.309298 vdb-entrytechnical-description
https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.309298 signaturepermissions-required
https://vuldb.com/?submit.574605 third-party-advisory
https://github.com/CH13hh/tmp_store_cc/blob/main/… broken-linkexploit
https://www.totolink.net/ product
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
TOTOLINK A702R Affected: 3.0.0-B20230809.1615
Create a notification for this product.
TOTOLINK A3002R Affected: 3.0.0-B20230809.1615
Create a notification for this product.
TOTOLINK A3002RU Affected: 3.0.0-B20230809.1615
Create a notification for this product.
Credits
BabyShark (VulDB User)
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2025-4833 (GCVE-0-2025-4833)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-05-17 17:31 – Updated: 2025-05-19 15:23
VLAI
Title
TOTOLINK A702R/A3002R/A3002RU HTTP POST Request formNtp buffer overflow
Summary
A vulnerability was found in TOTOLINK A702R, A3002R and A3002RU 3.0.0-B20230809.1615 and classified as critical. This issue affects some unknown processing of the file /boafrm/formNtp of the component HTTP POST Request Handler. The manipulation of the argument submit-url leads to buffer overflow. The attack may be initiated remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used.
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
URL Tags
https://vuldb.com/?id.309299 vdb-entrytechnical-description
https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.309299 signaturepermissions-required
https://vuldb.com/?submit.574606 third-party-advisory
https://github.com/CH13hh/tmp_store_cc/blob/main/… broken-linkexploit
https://www.totolink.net/ product
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
TOTOLINK A702R Affected: 3.0.0-B20230809.1615
Create a notification for this product.
TOTOLINK A3002R Affected: 3.0.0-B20230809.1615
Create a notification for this product.
TOTOLINK A3002RU Affected: 3.0.0-B20230809.1615
Create a notification for this product.
Credits
DaddyShark (VulDB User)
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2025-4834 (GCVE-0-2025-4834)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-05-17 19:00 – Updated: 2025-05-19 14:43
VLAI
Title
TOTOLINK A702R/A3002R/A3002RU HTTP POST Request formSetLg buffer overflow
Summary
A vulnerability was found in TOTOLINK A702R, A3002R and A3002RU 3.0.0-B20230809.1615. It has been classified as critical. Affected is an unknown function of the file /boafrm/formSetLg of the component HTTP POST Request Handler. The manipulation of the argument submit-url leads to buffer overflow. It is possible to launch the attack remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
URL Tags
https://vuldb.com/?id.309300 vdb-entrytechnical-description
https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.309300 signaturepermissions-required
https://vuldb.com/?submit.574607 third-party-advisory
https://github.com/CH13hh/tmp_store_cc/blob/main/… broken-linkexploit
https://www.totolink.net/ product
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
TOTOLINK A702R Affected: 3.0.0-B20230809.1615
Create a notification for this product.
TOTOLINK A3002R Affected: 3.0.0-B20230809.1615
Create a notification for this product.
TOTOLINK A3002RU Affected: 3.0.0-B20230809.1615
Create a notification for this product.
Credits
DaddyShark (VulDB User)
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2025-4835 (GCVE-0-2025-4835)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-05-17 19:31 – Updated: 2025-05-19 14:42
VLAI
Title
TOTOLINK A702R/A3002R/A3002RU HTTP POST Request formWlanRedirect buffer overflow
Summary
A vulnerability was found in TOTOLINK A702R, A3002R and A3002RU 3.0.0-B20230809.1615. It has been declared as critical. Affected by this vulnerability is an unknown functionality of the file /boafrm/formWlanRedirect of the component HTTP POST Request Handler. The manipulation of the argument redirect-url leads to buffer overflow. The attack can be launched remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
URL Tags
https://vuldb.com/?id.309301 vdb-entrytechnical-description
https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.309301 signaturepermissions-required
https://vuldb.com/?submit.574608 third-party-advisory
https://github.com/CH13hh/tmp_store_cc/blob/main/… broken-linkexploit
https://www.totolink.net/ product
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
TOTOLINK A702R Affected: 3.0.0-B20230809.1615
Create a notification for this product.
TOTOLINK A3002R Affected: 3.0.0-B20230809.1615
Create a notification for this product.
TOTOLINK A3002RU Affected: 3.0.0-B20230809.1615
Create a notification for this product.
Credits
DaddyShark (VulDB User)
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2025-4841 (GCVE-0-2025-4841)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-05-17 22:31 – Updated: 2025-05-19 15:23 Unsupported When Assigned
VLAI
Title
D-Link DCS-932L gpio sub_404780 stack-based overflow
Summary
A vulnerability was found in D-Link DCS-932L 2.18.01 and classified as critical. Affected by this issue is the function sub_404780 of the file /bin/gpio. The manipulation of the argument CameraName leads to stack-based buffer overflow. The attack may be launched remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. This vulnerability only affects products that are no longer supported by the maintainer.
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
URL Tags
https://vuldb.com/?id.309308 vdb-entrytechnical-description
https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.309308 signaturepermissions-required
https://vuldb.com/?submit.574924 third-party-advisory
https://github.com/BeaCox/IoT_vuln/tree/main/D-Li… exploit
https://www.dlink.com/ product
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
D-Link DCS-932L Affected: 2.18.01
Create a notification for this product.
Credits
BeaCox (VulDB User)
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2025-4842 (GCVE-0-2025-4842)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-05-17 23:00 – Updated: 2025-05-19 15:23 Unsupported When Assigned
VLAI
Title
D-Link DCS-932L ucp isUCPCameraNameChanged stack-based overflow
Summary
A vulnerability was found in D-Link DCS-932L 2.18.01. It has been declared as critical. This vulnerability affects the function isUCPCameraNameChanged of the file /sbin/ucp. The manipulation of the argument CameraName leads to stack-based buffer overflow. The attack can be initiated remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. This vulnerability only affects products that are no longer supported by the maintainer.
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
URL Tags
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https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.309310 signaturepermissions-required
https://vuldb.com/?submit.574925 third-party-advisory
https://github.com/BeaCox/IoT_vuln/tree/main/D-Li… exploit
https://www.dlink.com/ product
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
D-Link DCS-932L Affected: 2.18.01
Create a notification for this product.
Credits
BeaCox (VulDB User)
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2025-48429 (GCVE-0-2025-48429)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-12-16 21:32 – Updated: 2025-12-17 18:50
VLAI
Summary
An out-of-bounds read vulnerability exists in the RLECodec::DecodeByStreams functionality of Grassroot DICOM 3.024. A specially crafted DICOM file can lead to leaking heap data. An attacker can provide a malicious file to trigger this vulnerability.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-119 - Improper Restriction of Operations within the Bounds of a Memory Buffer
Assigner
Impacted products
Credits
Discovered by Emmanuel Tacheau of Cisco Talos.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2025-4843 (GCVE-0-2025-4843)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-05-17 23:31 – Updated: 2025-05-19 15:23 Unsupported When Assigned
VLAI
Title
D-Link DCS-932L udev SubUPnPCSInit stack-based overflow
Summary
A vulnerability was found in D-Link DCS-932L 2.18.01. It has been classified as critical. This affects the function SubUPnPCSInit of the file /sbin/udev. The manipulation of the argument CameraName leads to stack-based buffer overflow. It is possible to initiate the attack remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. This vulnerability only affects products that are no longer supported by the maintainer.
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
URL Tags
https://vuldb.com/?id.309309 vdb-entrytechnical-description
https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.309309 signaturepermissions-required
https://vuldb.com/?submit.574926 third-party-advisory
https://github.com/BeaCox/IoT_vuln/tree/main/D-Li… exploit
https://www.dlink.com/ product
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
D-Link DCS-932L Affected: 2.18.01
Create a notification for this product.
Credits
BeaCox (VulDB User)
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2025-4844 (GCVE-0-2025-4844)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-05-18 00:00 – Updated: 2025-05-19 15:23
VLAI
Title
FreeFloat FTP Server CD Command buffer overflow
Summary
A vulnerability classified as critical was found in FreeFloat FTP Server 1.0. Affected by this vulnerability is an unknown functionality of the component CD Command Handler. The manipulation leads to buffer overflow. The attack can be launched remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used.
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Credits
Fernando Mengali (VulDB User)
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2025-4845 (GCVE-0-2025-4845)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-05-18 00:31 – Updated: 2025-05-20 14:53
VLAI
Title
FreeFloat FTP Server TRACE Command buffer overflow
Summary
A vulnerability, which was classified as critical, has been found in FreeFloat FTP Server 1.0. Affected by this issue is some unknown functionality of the component TRACE Command Handler. The manipulation leads to buffer overflow. The attack may be launched remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used.
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Credits
Fernando Mengali (VulDB User)
Show details on NVD website

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          ],
          "product": "FTP Server",
          "vendor": "FreeFloat",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "1.0"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "credits": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "type": "reporter",
          "value": "Fernando Mengali (VulDB User)"
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "A vulnerability, which was classified as critical, has been found in FreeFloat FTP Server 1.0. Affected by this issue is some unknown functionality of the component TRACE Command Handler. The manipulation leads to buffer overflow. The attack may be launched remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used."
        },
        {
          "lang": "de",
          "value": "Eine kritische Schwachstelle wurde in FreeFloat FTP Server 1.0 entdeckt. Hierbei geht es um eine nicht exakt ausgemachte Funktion der Komponente TRACE Command Handler. Mittels dem Manipulieren mit unbekannten Daten kann eine buffer overflow-Schwachstelle ausgenutzt werden. Umgesetzt werden kann der Angriff \u00fcber das Netzwerk. Der Exploit steht zur \u00f6ffentlichen Verf\u00fcgung."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV4_0": {
            "baseScore": 6.9,
            "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
            "version": "4.0"
          }
        },
        {
          "cvssV3_1": {
            "baseScore": 7.3,
            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L",
            "version": "3.1"
          }
        },
        {
          "cvssV3_0": {
            "baseScore": 7.3,
            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L",
            "version": "3.0"
          }
        },
        {
          "cvssV2_0": {
            "baseScore": 7.5,
            "vectorString": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P",
            "version": "2.0"
          }
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-120",
              "description": "Buffer Overflow",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-119",
              "description": "Memory Corruption",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2025-05-18T00:31:03.937Z",
        "orgId": "1af790b2-7ee1-4545-860a-a788eba489b5",
        "shortName": "VulDB"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "name": "VDB-309314 | FreeFloat FTP Server TRACE Command buffer overflow",
          "tags": [
            "vdb-entry"
          ],
          "url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.309314"
        },
        {
          "name": "VDB-309314 | CTI Indicators (IOB, IOC)",
          "tags": [
            "signature",
            "permissions-required"
          ],
          "url": "https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.309314"
        },
        {
          "name": "Submit #572483 | FreeFloat FTP Server 1.0 Buffer Overflow",
          "tags": [
            "third-party-advisory"
          ],
          "url": "https://vuldb.com/?submit.572483"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "broken-link",
            "exploit"
          ],
          "url": "https://fitoxs.com/exploit/exploit-9e4402fce85658d445174b5c4f8dff4917705d35e48c409ef6f19feca54d4102.txt"
        }
      ],
      "timeline": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "time": "2025-05-16T00:00:00.000Z",
          "value": "Advisory disclosed"
        },
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "time": "2025-05-16T02:00:00.000Z",
          "value": "VulDB entry created"
        },
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "time": "2025-05-16T17:07:50.000Z",
          "value": "VulDB entry last update"
        }
      ],
      "title": "FreeFloat FTP Server TRACE Command buffer overflow"
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "1af790b2-7ee1-4545-860a-a788eba489b5",
    "assignerShortName": "VulDB",
    "cveId": "CVE-2025-4845",
    "datePublished": "2025-05-18T00:31:03.937Z",
    "dateReserved": "2025-05-16T15:02:36.080Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2025-05-20T14:53:05.926Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.1"
}

Mitigation ID: MIT-3

Phase: Requirements

Strategy: Language Selection

Description:

  • Use a language that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
  • For example, many languages that perform their own memory management, such as Java and Perl, are not subject to buffer overflows. Other languages, such as Ada and C#, typically provide overflow protection, but the protection can be disabled by the programmer.
  • Be wary that a language's interface to native code may still be subject to overflows, even if the language itself is theoretically safe.
Mitigation ID: MIT-4.1

Phase: Architecture and Design

Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks

Description:

  • Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
  • Examples include the Safe C String Library (SafeStr) by Messier and Viega [REF-57], and the Strsafe.h library from Microsoft [REF-56]. These libraries provide safer versions of overflow-prone string-handling functions.
Mitigation ID: MIT-10

Phases: Operation, Build and Compilation

Strategy: Environment Hardening

Description:

  • Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
  • D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
Mitigation ID: MIT-9

Phase: Implementation

Description:

  • Consider adhering to the following rules when allocating and managing an application's memory:
  • Double check that the buffer is as large as specified.
  • When using functions that accept a number of bytes to copy, such as strncpy(), be aware that if the destination buffer size is equal to the source buffer size, it may not NULL-terminate the string.
  • Check buffer boundaries if accessing the buffer in a loop and make sure there is no danger of writing past the allocated space.
  • If necessary, truncate all input strings to a reasonable length before passing them to the copy and concatenation functions.
Mitigation ID: MIT-11

Phases: Operation, Build and Compilation

Strategy: Environment Hardening

Description:

  • Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
  • Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
  • For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
Mitigation ID: MIT-12

Phase: Operation

Strategy: Environment Hardening

Description:

  • Use a CPU and operating system that offers Data Execution Protection (using hardware NX or XD bits) or the equivalent techniques that simulate this feature in software, such as PaX [REF-60] [REF-61]. These techniques ensure that any instruction executed is exclusively at a memory address that is part of the code segment.
  • For more information on these techniques see D3-PSEP (Process Segment Execution Prevention) from D3FEND [REF-1336].
Mitigation ID: MIT-13

Phase: Implementation

Description:

  • Replace unbounded copy functions with analogous functions that support length arguments, such as strcpy with strncpy. Create these if they are not available.
CAPEC-10: Buffer Overflow via Environment Variables

This attack pattern involves causing a buffer overflow through manipulation of environment variables. Once the adversary finds that they can modify an environment variable, they may try to overflow associated buffers. This attack leverages implicit trust often placed in environment variables.

CAPEC-100: Overflow Buffers

Buffer Overflow attacks target improper or missing bounds checking on buffer operations, typically triggered by input injected by an adversary. As a consequence, an adversary is able to write past the boundaries of allocated buffer regions in memory, causing a program crash or potentially redirection of execution as per the adversaries' choice.

CAPEC-123: Buffer Manipulation

An adversary manipulates an application's interaction with a buffer in an attempt to read or modify data they shouldn't have access to. Buffer attacks are distinguished in that it is the buffer space itself that is the target of the attack rather than any code responsible for interpreting the content of the buffer. In virtually all buffer attacks the content that is placed in the buffer is immaterial. Instead, most buffer attacks involve retrieving or providing more input than can be stored in the allocated buffer, resulting in the reading or overwriting of other unintended program memory.

CAPEC-14: Client-side Injection-induced Buffer Overflow

This type of attack exploits a buffer overflow vulnerability in targeted client software through injection of malicious content from a custom-built hostile service. This hostile service is created to deliver the correct content to the client software. For example, if the client-side application is a browser, the service will host a webpage that the browser loads.

CAPEC-24: Filter Failure through Buffer Overflow

In this attack, the idea is to cause an active filter to fail by causing an oversized transaction. An attacker may try to feed overly long input strings to the program in an attempt to overwhelm the filter (by causing a buffer overflow) and hoping that the filter does not fail securely (i.e. the user input is let into the system unfiltered).

CAPEC-42: MIME Conversion

An attacker exploits a weakness in the MIME conversion routine to cause a buffer overflow and gain control over the mail server machine. The MIME system is designed to allow various different information formats to be interpreted and sent via e-mail. Attack points exist when data are converted to MIME compatible format and back.

CAPEC-44: Overflow Binary Resource File

An attack of this type exploits a buffer overflow vulnerability in the handling of binary resources. Binary resources may include music files like MP3, image files like JPEG files, and any other binary file. These attacks may pass unnoticed to the client machine through normal usage of files, such as a browser loading a seemingly innocent JPEG file. This can allow the adversary access to the execution stack and execute arbitrary code in the target process.

CAPEC-45: Buffer Overflow via Symbolic Links

This type of attack leverages the use of symbolic links to cause buffer overflows. An adversary can try to create or manipulate a symbolic link file such that its contents result in out of bounds data. When the target software processes the symbolic link file, it could potentially overflow internal buffers with insufficient bounds checking.

CAPEC-46: Overflow Variables and Tags

This type of attack leverages the use of tags or variables from a formatted configuration data to cause buffer overflow. The adversary crafts a malicious HTML page or configuration file that includes oversized strings, thus causing an overflow.

CAPEC-47: Buffer Overflow via Parameter Expansion

In this attack, the target software is given input that the adversary knows will be modified and expanded in size during processing. This attack relies on the target software failing to anticipate that the expanded data may exceed some internal limit, thereby creating a buffer overflow.

CAPEC-8: Buffer Overflow in an API Call

This attack targets libraries or shared code modules which are vulnerable to buffer overflow attacks. An adversary who has knowledge of known vulnerable libraries or shared code can easily target software that makes use of these libraries. All clients that make use of the code library thus become vulnerable by association. This has a very broad effect on security across a system, usually affecting more than one software process.

CAPEC-9: Buffer Overflow in Local Command-Line Utilities

This attack targets command-line utilities available in a number of shells. An adversary can leverage a vulnerability found in a command-line utility to escalate privilege to root.

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